7 things to know about ancient Indian history

"India is the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend, and the great-grandmother of tradition. Our most valuable and most artistic materials in the history of man are treasured up in India only!"- MARK DWAIN

I'm going to describe 7 interesting things about India. So let's start

1.Varanasi
According to archeologists, India's Varanasi city is one of the oldest cities in the world. that still exists today. It is also called Banaras and in Rigveda, it is described as Kashi. It's approximately 3000 years old, but according to Hindu mythology, lord Shiva has created it around 5000 years ago. You will wonder that when Buddha came to Varanasi 2500 years ago , it was also known as an ancient city. It is said to be the holiest of the seven holy places of Hinduism. Kashi is the holy place for Buddha and Jain religions too.

2.University of Ancient Taxila
It's known as the world's first university. It was established in ancient India around 700 BC. Today this place is in Pakistan. more than 10,000 students were there at that time. More than 60 subjects are taught there like Science, math, astronomy, medicine, astrology, music, religion, and politics. Scholars of different subjects maintained their hermitages. The great economist and philosopher used to teach there. Chinese traveler FaXian visited Taxila when he came to India in the 5th century. He described India in his writings. This university flourished from the 7th century to the 5th century. It was destroyed by foreign invaders in the 6th century.

3.Nalanda mahavidyalaya
Today India may lag behind some countries in terms of education, but there was a time when India's Nalanda College was famous for higher education. It was a well organized University more than Taxila. students from Korea, Japan, Persia, China, Turkey, and Tibet used to come here for education. The entrance examinations were the toughest and Selected meritorious students could get admission. We get more information about Nalanda from the writings of famous travelers Xuangzang and I- Tsing who came to India in the 7th century and spent two years in Nalanda as a student. After that, they worked as a teacher. According to Xuangzang, when he came to Nalanda there were a total of 10,000 students and 1510 teachers. It is speculated that once upon a time the great mathematician Aryabhata was head of Nalanda. The enormous library was there for students and teachers in which more than 3 lakh books were present. Nalanda was burnt to ashes by Bakhtiyar Khilji at the end of the 12th century. Once upon a time, Nalanda used to be a huge college, but today it is in ruins.

4.Indus valley civilization
It is said that Indian history started with the Indus Valley civilization.it is one of the ancient world's three civilizations Mesopotamia, ancient Egypt, and the indus valley civilization. Indus Valley civilization was a widespread civilization as compared to these two. it was an advanced civilization of that time. It was in existence from 3300 BC to 1300 BC. But according to new studies, it is an 8000-year-old civilization. It was not known until 1920, but in 1920, when the Department of Archeology excavated, these two cities were found, Mohenjo Daro and Harapa. These both places are in Pakistan today. Very little information is known about the Indus Valley Civilization and many questions are not yet to be answered.

5. Number system
Zero has been described in India. The credit goes to the great Indian scientists Aryabhatta and Brahmagupta. Also, the numbers are known as Arabic. numbers were also discovered by Indian mathematicians. Through the writings of al- konsi Arab mathematician and al- khwarazmi faras mathematician, the numeral system reached Europe. After that Europeans started to call it the Arabic numeral system.

"We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made!"- Albert Einstein

6. Indian medical system
Surgery is the toughest process and when you are in such a time when a scalpel was not invented, then no one could even think about surgery. Before 3600 years ago Maharshi Sushruta used to do surgeries like a kidney stones, ratifying fractures, and plastic surgery. he was the first person who performed medical surgery on humans so he is known as the father of surgery. he has written a treatise on surgery which is known as Sushruta Samhita also it is known as the foundational text of medicine. It has 184 chapters in it which describe 1120 illnesses,700 medicinal plants, 64 preparations from mineral sources, and 57 preparations from animal sources. The SSamhita samhita is translated into Arabic language( kitab Shah sun al - Hindi)
Another great physician was charged. He is considered the first physician who introduced the concept of metabolism, digestion, and immunity.his treatise charak samhita is known encyclopedia of Medicine.

7. Wealth of India
If we look at Indian history, India was one of the richest countries. The country was known as Sone ki Chidiya (sparrow of Gold). Many invaders were attracted to India due to its massive wealth. The desire to discover India led to the discovery of America, Columbus set out in search of India and set foot in America. After some years Vasco Da Gama came to India and became the first European to come to India.