Circassians

The Circassians or Adygas bear witness to a cultural legacy that transcends mere dance or parade movements; it is an integral part of their ancient heritage. Their narrative unfolds as a tragic tale, recounting one of the largest genocide operations in the modern era. This historical journey immerses us in the story of a people forcibly displaced from their ancestral land, who found refuge among various communities, seamlessly integrating while steadfastly preserving their cherished customs and traditions.

Situated on the border between Europe and Asia, the Caucasus region has been a crucial crossroads for human migrations and the transfer of civilizations. Thousands of years ago, a people characterized by nobility, courage, and daring settled there. Their land, coveted by many due to its role as a secure trade route between India, China, and Europe, became a focal point of ambition.

Originally a name for one of the Adyghe tribes, the term "Circassians" gradually expanded to encompass all peoples inhabiting the North Caucasus, both indigenous and newcomers. Given by ancient Greeks and Persian neighbors, the name gained prevalence in Islamic circles during the era of the Ayyubid sultans. Circassians, renowned as skilled fighters, rose to prominence after victories in pivotal battles, such as the Battle of Ain Jalut during the Mamluk state era.

Proudly, Circassians recount the affiliation of their leaders and pivotal figures to their people during this significant period. However, their dreams were marred by the fever of expansionist ambitions, with the Russian Empire posing a significant tragedy. A century-long, fierce war on their land culminated in defeat near the city of Sochi, overlooking the Black Sea. The aftermath marked the beginning of the end for the Circassians and other Muslim peoples of the North Caucasus on their native soil, resulting in the fall of hundreds of thousands. One and a half million were either displaced or exiled, finding refuge in Anatolia and European Ottoman-controlled areas.

Jordan became a central settlement for many Circassians, who spread to different governorates, contributing significantly to public jobs, especially in the army and police. Integral to the King's Guard and leaders in the army since the founding of the Kingdom, Circassians held leadership positions in various countries where they settled, reaching the highest ranks. Their commitment to preserving customs and traditions remained unwavering, creating an integrated system that governed life from birth to matters of marriage and family.

Circassian women, considered crowned princesses, play pivotal roles in society, earning respect from everyone. The unique practice of kidnapping marriage, a prearranged agreement between the girl and the young man, remains a distinctive cultural element.

Distinguished by traditional clothing, Circassians wear a black circular woolen hat, while women don long, loose dresses adorned with light decorations. Few may know that renowned artists and actors on the Egyptian screen have Circassian origins, as do names celebrated in literature. Many of these figures achieved international recognition in theater, stories, and poetry. Circassians also left their mark in politics, art, and literature in various countries, despite settling in new homelands.

Annually commemorating the Day of Mourning for the tragedy in their homeland, Circassians pass on their heritage and cultural legacy to successive generations. The celebration of Circassian Flag Day, marked by stars symbolizing tribal unity on a green background, signifies their connection to the land with three arrows. Music remains a powerful tool for the Circassians, serving as a defensive tool that narrates their story across time.

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