CBD oil, benefits for rest

In this article we review its benefits to achieve a restful sleep.

Sleep disorders

Sleep disturbance is the most frequent consultation in public health (23). Sleep deprivation may be associated with changes in:

• Immune system. (4)
• Infectious diseases. (4)
• Cardiovascular system and hypertension. (5,6)
• Type 2 diabetes. (6)
• Strokes and arrhythmias. (7)
• Obesity: associated with changes in the hypothalamus that affect the center that regulates appetite and energy expenditure. (6)(8)
• Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease. (9)
• Psychiatric disorders: depression, anxiety, mania and psychotic episodes. (10)

Pathologies associated with a worse rest

There are certain pathologies that present a higher incidence of insomnia and worse rest, in all of them alterations of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) appear, affecting the ability to regulate the sleep-wake cycle. (2):

• Respiratory problems.
• Gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD).
• Inflammatory and autoimmune pathologies.
• Neurodegenerative diseases.

Most common sleep disorders

There are different sleep disorders, each of which affects specific moments and structures:

• Insomnia or difficulty falling asleep.
• Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder.
• Restless Leg Syndrome.
• Narcolepsy.
• Apneas.

CBD and restful sleep

Each night, endocannabinoids activate CB1 receptors in the ECS of the central nervous system (CNS), including areas dedicated to sleep regulation. This regulates the release of neurotransmitters and reduces excessive neural activity, which helps control pain, inflammation, anxiety, appetite, and sleep quality.

CBD increases endocannabinoid activity at CB1 receptors and plays a key role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle.

In a study of 1,521 people, the use of CBD reduced the time to fall asleep from 1 hour to 20 minutes and reduced nighttime awakenings by a third. CBD use improved sleep parameters (66%) and reduced anxiety (79%) during the first month of the study. Anxiety levels, which are closely related to sleep quality, remained low over the long term. (14)

Another promising application is that it normalizes REM sleep latency, which is typically around 90-120 minutes. This could help alleviate nightmares, restless legs syndrome, and even REM sleep behavior disorder. (14)(16)

Several studies have tested its efficacy in circadian rhythm disturbances (drowsiness), insomnia related to anxiety and post-traumatic stress, restless legs syndrome, REM sleep behavior disorder, and daytime sleepiness. (14)(15)(16)

The most common form of administration of CBD is its sublingual use. Therapists usually recommend the following guideline "start small and take your time", that is, start with the lowest dose and increase according to function.

In case of suffering from chronic pain or some degenerative pathology, it is advisable to space out the dose (morning, noon and night); For rest disorders, CBD oil or capsules can be taken after dinner. (14). We recommend you buy it in authorized establishments for the sale of CBD oil online .

A study published in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology suggested a therapeutic range between 1 and 50 mg/kg/day (17). CBD is safe and well tolerated, and has no side effects. Since it does not develop tolerance, it is not necessary to increase the dose over time to achieve the same effect. (twenty)

In the report of the World Health Organization (WHO) Expert Committee on Drug Dependence, they describe that CBD does not show significant side effects or dependence potential and has great therapeutic potential. (1)

References

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F. Sarrais, P. de Castro Manglano. Insomnia. Anales Sanitary System of Navarra vol.30 supl.1 Pamplona 2007

MJ Jury Luque. Neurology Magazine. Vol. 63, Suppl. 2, October 2016. ISSN 0210-0010

Taheri, S., Lin, L., Austin, D., Young, T., & Mignot, E. (2004). Short sleep duration is associated with reduced leptin, elevated ghrelin, and increased body mass index PLoS Medicine, 1 (3), 210-217

Grandner MA, Patel NP, Perlis ML, et al. Obesity, diabetes, and exercise associated with sleep-related complaints in the American population. Z Gesundh Wiss. 2011;19(5):463-474. doi:10.1007/s10389-011-0398-2

American Heart Association. Sleep apnea and heart disease, stroke. Retrieved June 12, 2017.

Wu, Y., Zhai, L., & Zhang, D. (2014). Sleep duration and obesity among adults: A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Sleep Medicine, 15(12), 1456–1462. Retrieved March 19, 2019.

Marcelo Miranda, C. Rodrigo O. Kuljis. Sleep disorders in neurodegenerative diseases. 2013.

Breslau N, Roth T, Rosenthal L, Andreski P. Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders: a longitudinal epidemiological study of young adults. Biol Psychiatry. 1996 Mar 15;39(6):411-8. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(95)00188-3. PMID: 8679786.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Healthy Sleep at a glance.

Cultivating Wellness. Survey run by Project CBD. 2019.

De Petrocellis L, Ligresti A, Moriello AS, Allarà M, Bisogno T, Petrosino S, Stott CG, Di Marzo V. Effects of cannabinoids and cannabinoid-enriched Cannabis extracts on TRP channels and endocannabinoid metabolic enzymes. Br J Pharmacol. 2011 Aug;163(7):1479-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01166.x. PMID: 21175579; PMCID: PMC3165957.

Shannon S, Lewis N, Lee H, Hughes S. Cannabidiol in Anxiety and Sleep: A Large Case Series. Perm J. 2019.

Chagas MHN, Crippa JAS, Zuardi AW, et al. Effects of acute systemic administration of cannabidiol on sleep-wake cycle in rats. Journal of Psychopharmacology. 2013.

Suraev AS, Marshall NS, Vandrey R, McCartney D, Benson MJ, McGregor IS, Cannabinoid therapies in the management of sleep disorders: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies. Grunstein RR, Hoyos C M.. Sleep Medicine Reviews.

Millar SA, Stone NL, Bellman ZD, Yates AS, England TJ, O'Sullivan S E. A systematic review of cannabidiol dosing in clinical populations. British Journal of Clinical pharmacology. 2019.

M. Treese, Natalie. Pharmacist guide to CBD. 2020

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