A Potential Cause of Male Infertility, Warn Scientists

Introduction

In a recent alarming discovery, scientists have issued a warning about the potential link between mumps infection and male infertility. Contrary to the prevailing social construct that predominantly blames women for infertility issues, various research studies have found that between 35% and 50% of infertility cases in families can be attributed to men. It is crucial to debunk this misconception and raise awareness about the significant impact of mumps on male fertility.

Mumps: A Viral Disease with Devastating Consequences

Mumps, a viral disease characterized by fever, puffy cheeks, and a swollen jaw, has recently experienced an outbreak in Kampala, Wakiso, and Mukono, according to the Ministry of Health. Although it primarily affects children, the repercussions can be severe, particularly for male patients. Dr. Esther Babirekere, a pediatrician at Mulago Hospital, has observed an increase in the number of children presenting with mumps at the facility, indicating the urgency of addressing this issue.

The Devastating Effects on Male Fertility

Health experts have shed light on the concerning impact of mumps infection on male fertility. The virus can lead to a reduction in sperm count and impair their ability to swim effectively. Dr. Babirekere explains that the virus can infiltrate the testis, potentially causing infertility in men. To mitigate this risk, she emphasizes the importance of vaccination as a preventive measure.

The Role of Mumps in Male Infertility

Research studies, including a report published by Dr. Sahar Mohammed Zaki from Iraq in the International Journal of Advanced Research, confirm the association between mumps and male infertility. It is essential to note that the age of infection plays a crucial role in determining the extent of the damage. Mumps contracted after puberty can rupture the testis blood barrier, leading to low sperm count (oligozoospermia) or reduced sperm motility (asthenozoospermia).

Additionally, mumps infection can trigger the production of antibodies against sperm, detectable in blood or seminal fluid. These antibodies primarily affect sperm motility within the seminal fluid and the movement of sperm within the female reproductive canal, ultimately resulting in infertility.

Vaccination: An Essential Preventive Measure

While the severity of mumps might be perceived as relatively low, it is crucial to recognize the potential long-term consequences on male fertility. Dr. Allan Muruta, the Commissioner for Public Health Emergencies at the Health Ministry, explains that mumps is not currently prioritized due to its self-limiting nature. However, the vaccine is available in private facilities, emphasizing the importance of proactive measures. Access to the vaccine from private providers is estimated to be around 80,000 units.

Debunking the Myth: Infertility Risk Assessment

Furthermore, the production of antibodies against sperm as a result of mumps infection further compounds the risk of infertility in males. However, it is important to note that there are varying opinions among experts regarding the extent of the risk. Some argue that the impact on male fertility is minimal and temporary, while others emphasize the need for proactive measures to prevent potential long-term consequences.

In light of the recent outbreak, it is crucial to prioritize vaccination as a preventive measure against mumps. Although the government does not currently offer the vaccine, it is available in private facilities for approximately 80,000 units. Dr. Babirekere of Mulago Hospital strongly encourages people to take advantage of this vaccination opportunity to safeguard their fertility.

The prevailing social construct that predominantly blames women for infertility in families needs to be debunked. Research studies consistently indicate that a significant percentage, between 35% and 50%, of infertility cases are attributable to men. By raising awareness about the impact of mumps on male fertility, it is hoped that the focus will shift towards a more balanced understanding of infertility issues.

In conclusion, the recent outbreak of mumps in Uganda has brought to light the potential link between this viral infection and male infertility. Health experts have warned about the detrimental effects of mumps on sperm count, motility, and the production of antibodies against sperm. While some argue that the risk of infertility is minimal and temporary, proactive measures such as vaccination are strongly recommended. By dispelling the misconception that primarily blames women for infertility, it is crucial to acknowledge the significant contribution of men to this issue. Through increased awareness and preventive measures, it is hoped that the impact of mumps on male fertility can be mitigated, ultimately improving reproductive health outcomes for couples in Uganda.

References:

(Monitor: https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/mumps-can-cause-infertility-in-men-scientists-warn-4239498)