history
The history of technology and technology throughout history; human innovation from the first stone tool to the iPhone and beyond.
Ansu Fati Faces Prolonged Sideline with Latest Injury Blow
In a recent blow to football enthusiasts and fans of the young talent Ansu Fati, Brighton boss Roberto De Zerbi confirmed that the Barcelona loanee is set to face an extended period on the sidelines due to a severe injury. The details surrounding Fati's injury have been somewhat limited, but it's evident that he will be out of action for a considerable duration.
why can’t you tell difference between Pontiac and Chevrolet?
The Chevrolet and Pontiac brands have a complex relationship that has been marked by both collaboration and competition throughout the years. One aspect of this relationship that many people are not aware of is that Chevrolet has at times supplied Pontiac with engines.This arrangement has been an ongoing part of their relationship since the late 1960s and it has been used to help bridge the gap between their two distinct models.
Teo DrengubiakPublished a day ago in 01
Breaking News: Israeli Hostage Handover Commences in Gaza
introduction to the Israeli hostage situation in Gaza Throughout the course of recent weeks, the world has been intently following the Israeli prisoner circumstance in Gaza. The circumstance has heightened strains in the locale and caught the consideration of global media and political pioneers. The prisoner emergency started when a gathering of aggressors seized an Israeli resident and requested the arrival of a few detainees in return for his protected return. This article means to give an outline of the foundation, most recent updates, global
Shankar ChatterjeePublished a day ago in 01
Tragedy Strikes as US Military Aircraft Crashes off Japan's Yakushima Island
In a heartbreaking incident, a US military aircraft crashed off Yakushima Island in south-western Japan, leaving a trail of devastation in its wake. The CV-22 Osprey hybrid plane, carrying six people, met a tragic end near Yakushima Airport on Wednesday. The Japan Coast Guard, in its efforts to respond swiftly, discovered one fatality at the crash site, posting poignant photos of the wreckage off Yakushima.
Exploring the Beauty and Elegance of White Marble: A Guide to Understanding this Classic Stone
Welcome to a journey through time and history, where we delve into the mesmerizing world of white marble. From ancient Greek temples to modern-day luxury homes, this timeless stone has adorned some of the most magnificent structures on Earth. Its beauty knows no bounds, captivating us with its pristine elegance and ethereal charm.
Rk Marble IndiaPublished 4 days ago in 01
Lens Of Beauty
Aisha was a relentless traveler, a woman of the world whose lens was her gateway to the beauty of unknown lands. Armed with her camera, she traversed continents, capturing the essence of cultures and landscapes with an insatiable thirst for exploration. Her journey led her across bustling cities, serene landscapes, and forgotten corners of the globe, each click of her camera immortalizing moments of raw emotion and unseen beauty.
Cleopatra:
Cleopatra The upbringing and life of Cleopatra: was born in 69 bc in the city of alexandria founded by alexander the great situated in the nile delta cleopatra was an important queen of ancient egypt and her name continues to this day she is one of the best known women in the history of mankind throughout her life she stood as a strategist determined very intelligent cunning and owner of a gigantic fortune once the greek philosopher plutarch wrote the following about her the contact with her presence if we lived with her was irresistible the egyptian ruler fascinated many people in her time to this day she continues to enchant many her life trajectory is widely studied researched and debated.
Rowan SharkawyPublished 6 days ago in 01
The strangest summer in recorded history
It is now April 10, 1815, and the day will soon be gone. The rumble of the eruption of Mount Tambora on an island off the coast of Indonesia can now be heard more than 2,000 kilometers away. Plumes of sulfurous fumes and ash shot thousands of meters into the sky, creating a dark storm cloud of spray and lightning. The eruption was the largest on record, but the impact was just beginning. Tambora rose into the air and spread across the globe, blocking the sun for an entire year. The dark and cold weather of 1816 had a devastating effect on agriculture, and famine spread across the northern hemisphere. As countries battle the pandemic, artists are hailing this seemingly apocalyptic era. It was a year without a summer—one of the darkest periods in human history.
Rowan SharkawyPublished 9 days ago in 01
Ancient Rome
- [Narrator] The story of ancient Rome is a story of evolution, and the world's ability to adapt and survive for over 1,000 years. Rome began as a small village on the Tiber River in central Italy. Over the next few centuries, the country grew into an empire stretching from the North Pacific to the Persian Gulf. During this transition, Rome demonstrated political, military, and cultural power that became a great power and helped shape the Western world. The history of ancient Rome can be divided into three main periods: the imperial period, the republican period, and the imperial period. During the Imperial period, Rome was a monarchy, ruled by seven kings. According to legend, the first king of Rome was a man named Romulus. He and his twin brother Remus are said to have founded Rome in 753 BC. In 509 BC, Rome adopted a republican form of government, in which the country was governed by two annual representatives, known as orators and later orators. One of them was the famous general and diplomat Julius Caesar. Next is the Imperial period. It was marked by the rise of the Roman Empire and famous leaders such as Octavian, the first Roman emperor, who came to the throne in peacetime, and Nero, who was made the some scholars are the most corrupt emperors of Rome. Rome's importance and pride in its soldiers was essential to the development of its world, a need that was evident from the beginning of the Empire when Rome was a small village. Despite this, Rome conquered its neighboring countries. In the end, this rapid growth reached the Roman rule in the Italian peninsula and the entire Mediterranean, where they conquered Greece, Egypt and Carthage. Later Rome helped the military conquer territories as far as England and Iraq. The sheer size and growing population required advances in Roman technology. Aqueducts were built, increasing people's access to water, helping to improve public health and paving the way for the famous Roman baths. A 50,000 mile road system was also built. Although originally designed for the military, it facilitated the movement of people and ideas throughout the empire. The spread of ideas and increased contact with different cultures allowed other aspects of Roman culture to develop. The key to Rome's success and longevity was the empire's acceptance of the cultures of the regions it conquered. Rome received Latin from the neighboring country of Latium, where it became the official language of the kingdom and the ancestor of the Romance languages of Europe. The Romans also absorbed the culture of the ancient Etruscan states, including religion, the alphabet, and aspects of gladiatorial combat. However, no other nation was as powerful as the ancient Greeks. Their influence can be seen in Roman art and architecture. The Roman upper class commissioned paintings and statues modeled after Greek art. Greek architectural styles, such as columns, were used in Roman buildings such as the Pantheon and the Colosseum. The rise of Christianity was a cultural change that had great influence throughout the empire. This religion originated in the Middle East and received strong support from Constantine I, the first Roman emperor to convert to Christianity. He transformed Rome into a Christian state and encouraged the spread of the religion throughout Europe. In the fourth century, the Roman Empire fell after more than a thousand years of existence. Factors such as political corruption, economic crises, and class wars caused empires to collapse from within, while invasion and other military threats caused empires to collapse from without. Rome's ability to unite diverse cultures, dominate its rivals, and tailor its political system to the needs of its people is a lesson to be learned forever.
Rowan SharkawyPublished 9 days ago in 01
Titanic
- [Narrator] The turn of the 20th century saw a golden age of industry and prosperity in many Western countries. One aspect of this era came to epitomize its grandeur and ultimately its downfall, the Titanic. Commissioned by the British shipping company, White Star Line, the Titanic was created to satiate demand for luxury travel between Europe and North America. The ship's construction began in March 1909 in Belfast, Ireland. By the time it was sent to England for provisions, Titanic was one of the largest ships of its time. It was about 92 feet wide and 882.5 feet long, the length of nearly three football fields. With a height of about 175 feet, the ship above water was taller than most buildings. The Titanic also included new safety features such as 16 compartments designed to prevent the hull from flooding. This caused many to believe that the ship was unsinkable. Such confidence led to the unfortunate decision to cut the number of lifeboats on board in half in order to make the deck look clean and elegant. On April 10, 1912, Titanic left port in Southampton, England and embarked on its first and last voyage. It first stopped over in France and Ireland and by the time it set out on a long stretch of sea toward New York City, it had about 2,200 people on board. Unbeknownst to all, misfortune would arise just a few days into their voyage. On April 14 at approximately 9:40 and 10:55 p.m. Warnings were send to the Titanic's radio operators of ice fields but they were never relayed to the bridge. At about 11:40 p.m. nearly 500 miles off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada, lookout crew on the Titanic spotted an iceberg in the ship's path and sent word to the bridge, but it was too late. The iceberg grazed the right side of the ship causing its compartments, originally deemed watertight, to fill with water. Titanic's radio operators began sending out distress signals. At 12:20 a.m. one signal reached the ship Carpathia which began making its way to the Titanic at maximum speed. Around the same time, crew began loading women and children into the few lifeboats on board. In addition to the shortage of lifeboats, some of the ones used were not being filled to capacity stranding even more people on the sinking ship. For the next two hours, the front compartments of the Titanic filled with water causing the bow to sink and the stern to rise out of the water. At around 2:18 a.m., the ship snapped into two. The bow sank first followed by the stern a couple minutes later. Those who went down with the ship were left in the freezing waters. Over an hour later, at about 3:30 a.m., the Carpathia arrived to pick up passengers. Of the 2,200 people on the Titanic, only 705 survived. Soon after the disaster, both the United States and Great Britain conducted investigations and developed new safety measures for ships. They required ships to maintain a 24-hour radio watch and have enough lifeboats for all on board. They also helped establish the International Ice Patrol which monitors icebergs in the North Atlantic and warn ships of potential dangers. For decades Titanic was lost to the sea existing only as a ghost from a decadent past. In 1985, nearly 75 years after the ship sank a team led by National Geographic explorer-at-large, Bob Ballard, discovered the shipwreck off the coast of Canada. Little by little scientists have reconstructed the ship and its encounter with the iceberg giving us a better understanding of what exactly happened on that fateful day.
Rowan SharkawyPublished 9 days ago in 01
Ancient Egypt
the ancient egyptian civilization lasted for over 3 000 years and became one of the most powerful and iconic civilizations in history at its height ancient egypt's empire stretched as far north as modern-day syria and as far south as today's sudan but long before it was an empire ancient egypt was a series of small independent city-states that bloomed along north africa's nile river the city-states were divided into two regions and named according to the flow of the nile upper egypt in the south which was upstream and lower egypt in the north which was downstream by about 3100 bc the two halves united thereby creating one egyptian state that lasted for millennia the reign of the civilization can be divided into three major periods of prosperity called the old middle and new kingdoms and two periods of instability in between called the first and second intermediate periods guiding the egyptian people was a succession of about 300 rulers often referred to as pharaohs pharaoh which means great house in egyptian was never the ruler's formal title it only became synonymous with the ruling individual in modern times thanks to its use in the hebrew bible these rulers who were not always men nor egyptian were considered protectors of the people and served as divine liaisons between humanity and the hundreds of gods they worshipped after the rulers passed away ancient egyptians believed they then became gods to prepare their journey into the afterlife the rulers constructed elaborate tombs including the great pyramids at giza and underground mausoleums in the valley of the kings rulers filled their tombs with all the items they could need in the afterlife including gold jewelry food drink and even pets preparing for this journey to the gods also involved mummifying one's body the deceased's corpse was embalmed wrapped in hundreds of yards of linen and placed inside the tomb so the body could be reanimated in the afterlife to this day structures like the great pyramids are a testament to the role of religion in ancient egyptians lives but they also represent the innovative and cultural might of the egyptian people innovations in mathematics and written language in particular propelled their civilization to success math specifically measurement mathematics helped egyptians understand and harness their world with numbers like no other civilization had before they developed a new form of measurement called the qubit it was used to design massive structures such as the great pyramid with remarkable geometrical precision the egyptians also measured time by combining mathematics with astronomy they established a 24-hour division to the day and created a solar calendar which was the first dating system in history to feature 365 days in one year lastly egyptians developed methods to measure and survey land around the nile river these civil engineering feats made way for the construction of dams canals and irrigation systems that helped farming and agriculture to flourish in the nile valley in addition to mathematical concepts the ancient egyptians also created written languages to describe the world around them the oldest and probably most well-known of these is hieroglyphic writing this system was developed around 3150 bc during the old kingdom and has over 700 pictorial characters it was used to inscribe monuments and pottery and predominantly served a decorative or ceremonial purpose soon after another ancient form of writing called hieratic developed out of the hieroglyphic system it was a form of cursive that was written in ink and served a more functional purpose unlike its more formal predecessor hieratic was written on another ancient egyptian innovation papyrus papyrus was a type of paper derived from the papyrus plant which grew plentifully along the nile river this medium gave the ancient egyptians a new avenue of communication and record keeping that allowed their civilization's administrative skill to grow and their culture to spread for thousands of years as with all great empires ancient egypt came to an end it was eventually conquered after a series of invasions including those by the persian empire in the 4th century bc and the roman empire around 30 bc not many civilizations can claim a lifespan of over 3000 years let alone one that made vast cultural contributions that still resonate in modern times ancient egypt with its linguistic and mathematical innovations spirituality and religion and extensive political and military might set a high standard for all civilizations that followed [Music] you
Rowan SharkawyPublished 9 days ago in 01
The world’s most mysterious book
Yale University's Beinecke Library and Manuscript Library houses a 240-page book. The new carbon copy, from around 1420, has vellum pages with hand-drawn circles and hand-drawn illustrations that seem stolen from a dream. Real and imaginary plants, haunted houses, bathing women, star charts, zodiac signs, suns and moons and faces are all over the text. The 24x16 cm book, known as the Voynich Manuscript, is one of the greatest mysteries in history. The reason? No one knew what he was saying. The name comes from the Polish bookseller Wilfrid Voynich, who discovered writing in 1912 at a Jesuit university in Italy. He was confused. Who wrote it? Where is it made? What do these different words and vivid images represent? What secrets lie within its pages? He bought the books from a priest of the school of finance and brought them to the United States of America, where scholars have been studying for more than a century. Cryptozoologists say that the writing contains all the features of a real language, only one of which has never been seen before. What is true is that, in real languages, letters and groups of letters appear with constant frequency, but the language in the Voynich text is a pattern that cannot be found in various generators. random. Besides, all we know is what we see. The letters vary in shape and height. Some borrow from other texts, but many are unique. The higher letters give the name of the hanging shape. The whole text is beautifully decorated, like a scroll decoration. It seems that two or more people wrote it, while someone else did the painting. Over the years, three main theories have emerged about the text of the text. First, it is written in cipher, a cipher designed to hide the secret meaning. Second, the article is a scam written to make money from scammers. Some suggested that the author was a medieval impostor. Some believe it was Voynich himself. A third theory is that the text is written in the original language, but in an unknown script. Perhaps medieval scholars were trying to create an alphabet for a spoken but unwritten language. In this respect, the Voynich Manuscript may be similar to the Longorongo manuscript found on Easter Island, which is now unreadable due to cultural collapse. Although no one was able to read the Voynich manuscripts, that didn't stop people from thinking about what was written in them. Those who believe that the text represents an attempt to create a new form of literary language suggest that the text may have been an encyclopedia containing knowledge of the culture that produced it. Some believe that it was the 13th century scholar Roger Bacon, who sought to understand the rules of universal grammar; or John Dee, the Elizabethan magician of the 16th century, who practiced sorcery and witchcraft. Other fringe theories suggest that the book was written by a group of Italian magicians, even Martians. After a century of confusion, scientists finally solved the mystery. The first breakthrough is carbon dioxide. Furthermore, modern historians date the documents to Rome and Prague in 1612, when they were given to the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II in his ' by doctor Jacobus Sennapius (Jacobus Sinapius). In addition to this previous stage, linguistic researchers have also considered defining certain words in the text. Could the letters next to these seven stars spell Tauran (the name of the constellation Taurus), a constellation containing seven stars called the Pleiades? Could this word be Centaurun for the Centaurea plant in the picture? Maybe, but progress is slow. If we could crack the code, what would we find? The dream diary of a 15th century painter? Don't you? Or is knowledge lost from a forgotten culture? What do you think?
Rowan SharkawyPublished 9 days ago in 01
