What is narcissism?

Ancient Romans and Greeks had a legend long before the invention of the selfie about someone who was a bit too preoccupied with his own appearance. One account describes Narcissus as an attractive individual who traveled the globe in pursuit of a romantic partner. Following his rejection of the deity Echo, he became enamored with a reflection of himself he beheld in a river. Narcissus, unable to extricate himself, submerged in water. The location of his death was commemorated by a flower, which we shall call the Narcissus.

The myth encapsulates the fundamental concept of narcissism, which is excessive and occasionally harmful self-absorbedness. A personality type is not the only thing that appears in advice columns, however. Psychology has classified and studied this set of characteristics. Narcissism is the psychological definition of an exaggerated and grandiose sense of self. Narcissists, to differing degrees, believe they are more intelligent, attractive, and significant than others, and as such, they are entitled to preferential treatment. Two varieties of narcissism are acknowledged by psychologists as personality traits: ostentatious and vulnerable narcissism.

An additional, more severe variant is narcissistic personality disorder, to which we shall return in a moment. The most prevalent form of narcissism is grandiose; it is distinguished by traits such as excessive extroversion, dominance, and a desire for attention. As such, grandiose narcissists may pursue power and attention while serving as cultural leaders, legislators, or celebrities. Obviously, not all individuals who seek out positions of authority possess narcissistic traits. Numerous individuals engage in it for incredibly good motives, such as realizing their complete potential or improving the lives of others.

However, narcissistic people pursue authority for the accompanying status and attention. Vulnerable narcissists, meanwhile, may exhibit reservedness and silence. Despite their robust sense of entitlement, they are easily irritated or slighted. Regardless, the negative consequences of narcissism become apparent in the long run. Due to the egocentric nature of narcissists, narcissistic leaders and companions may engage in unethical or risky behavior, as well as be unfaithful or dishonest, respectively. When their sanguine self-perception is called into question, they may exhibit hostile and retaliatory behavior. It's comparable to a disease in which the afflicted individuals feel relatively well, while those in their vicinity endure distress. When taken to an extreme, this conduct is categorized as narcissistic personality disorder, a psychological disorder. One to two percent of the population, predominantly males, is afflicted.

Additionally, this diagnosis is limited to adults. The tendency of young people, particularly infants, to be extremely egocentric may be considered a normal part of the maturing process. Several characteristics linked to narcissistic personality disorder are delineated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, published by the American Psychiatric Association. These encompass an inflated sense of self-importance, challenges in developing empathy, a feeling of entitledness, and a desire for admiration or attention. These characteristics constitute a genuine personality disorder because they significantly disrupt the lives of others.

Consider a scenario where you utilized your spouse or children as objects of admiration or attention rather than as recipients of care. Consider the scenario where, rather than actively pursuing constructive criticism regarding your performance, you flatly rejected the advice of all those who attempted to assist you. What, then, induces narcissism? Research on twins reveals a significant genetic element, although the specific genes implicated remain unknown. However, the environment is also significant. Superimposter parents may encourage their child to develop grandiose narcissism. Additionally, controlling, frigid parents may foster vulnerable narcissism. N

arcissism appears to be more prevalent in societies that place a premium on uniqueness and self-promotion. Since the 1970s, narcissism as a personality trait has increased in the United States, where the self-esteem movement and a rise in materialism replaced the communal emphasis of the 1960s. In recent years, self-promotion has become more accessible via social media; however, it is important to note that there is no conclusive evidence linking social media to narcissism. On the contrary, it offers narcissists an avenue to pursue social recognition and admiration.

Consequently, are narcissists capable of enhancing these negative qualities? Yes! Engaging in activities that foster sincere self-reflection and concern for others, such as psychotherapy or the application of compassionate principles, can prove beneficial. It can be difficult for individuals diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder to persist in their pursuit of self-improvement. When viewed negatively, self-reflection is difficult for a narcissist.