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How hearing works vs listening

Your brain filters information much more frequently than it listens

By sara trifPublished 2 years ago 4 min read
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How hearing works vs listening
Photo by Alireza Attari on Unsplash

I treat many people in New York City who believe they have hearing loss as an ear, nose, and throat physician. At business dinners, they can't hear talks, and at parties, they have to ask people to repeat themselves. By the way, these patients aren't always senior citizens. The majority of them are young, healthy, and have never had hearing loss.

One such patient visited last week at her husband's request.

He is constantly complaining that he needs to yell at me from the adjacent room. Why can't I hear him? She was there. I made a joke, "Because you are married."

She did not find it amusing.

So I checked for earwax like I would normally do. (I further look for fluid in the middle ear and other tedious things we can skip over.) I was really disappointed to discover that there was no glob to remove that would instantly make her hearing normal.

I then tested her hearing. It was also typical.

So what's happening, she enquired.

I'm sure you have the same question.

I need to describe how hearing works to you before I can explain.

As seen in the image above, waves of sound move through the air. Your eardrum vibrates at the frequency of the soundwave when sound enters your ear. Think Mariah Carey for an example of a high-pitched sound that causes a fast vibration and a gradual vibration (think Barry White).

The three tiny ear bones known as ossicles are located on the other side of the eardrum. Their Latin names are malleus, incus, and stapes, but I like their popular names more because they sound like things Thor might use (hammer, anvil, and stirrup). These ear bones form a "chain" that joins the eardrum to the cochlea, the hearing organ. As a result, when the eardrum vibrates, the chain of tiny bones vibrates as well, which causes the circular window, a portion of the cochlea, to vibrate.

The cochlea is not a straightforward organ, thus there is no simple way to explain it, but these are the fundamentals. The fluid-filled cochlea has a spiral shape resembling a snail. Tiny hair cells are present along the margins and are floating in the fluid bath. The auditory or hearing nerve is related to these hair cells. The auditory nerve sends a message to the brain when the hair cells move in the vibrating fluid. A membrane that keeps the fluid within is located on the spiral's broader end. The round window at this broader end is where the stirrup is located.

Bringing everything together

Your eardrum vibrates as a result of the sound waves entering your ears. Thor's tools begin to vibrate as a result, and because they are attached to the circular window, they transmit that vibration to the fluid within the cochlea. Depending on whether you're a fan of Arianna or not, the vibrating fluid activates those small hair cells, which in turn trigger the hearing nerve and transmit a signal to your brain, causing you to either sing along or shudder.

This is how hearing functions normally. You can find it more difficult to hear if something is in the way.

However, hearing and listening are not the same.

The auditory cortex, often known as the hearing center, receives the signal from the auditory nerve. Here perception takes place. You may or may not be able to hear sounds, depending on how your brain interprets them. So even if a sound regularly passes through your ears, you won't "hear" it unless your brain allows you to.

Imagine you are writing an article about hearing while sitting in a quiet room. Suddenly, your teenager's phone rings, and the chorus from Into You plays. The sound causes you to leap out of your chair because, in a short second, it caused your body to react by traveling from your ear to your brain and back.

Now picture yourself at a crowded New York coffee shop. Outside, an ambulance drives by. Car horns are blaring. The individual seated next to you is chatting with a friend about their date from the previous night. A customer enters the establishment, and the identical ringtone is heard on her phone. You aren't even aware that the sound flows via the same circuit as before. Your brain must filter out the sounds that are significant enough to warrant your attention because it is always being inundated with different sounds. Which noises you should listen to must be determined by it. In this instance, you don't notice because there are so many distracting noises.

Imagine if there is noise everywhere you go right now. Your brain filters information much more frequently than it listens. It eventually stops listening, even when you are in a quieter environment. Your husband suggests that you get your hearing checked because you aren't hearing him one day.. You can now explain the reason to him.

advicefact or fictionhumanityreviewscience
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