The surgical strike

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One of the most high-profile surgical strikes conducted by India against Pakistan took place on September 29, 2016, in the aftermath of the Uri attack. In that attack, terrorists believed to be from Pakistan-based militant group Jaish-e-Mohammed attacked an Indian Army base in Uri, Jammu and Kashmir, killing 19 soldiers.

In response, India launched a surgical strike on terrorist launch pads across the Line of Control in Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The operation was carried out by Indian Army's special forces and reportedly resulted in the deaths of several terrorists and their handlers. India officially acknowledged the operation, which was widely praised by the Indian public and the international community.

There have been other instances of India conducting surgical strikes against Pakistan, including in 2019 following the Pulwama attack, in which a suicide bomber killed 40 Indian paramilitary troops in Jammu and Kashmir. However, the details and extent of those operations remain unclear.
In September 2016, the Indian military carried out a cross-border "surgical strike" against alleged terrorist targets in Pakistan-administered Kashmir in response to a terrorist attack on an Indian army base in Uri, Jammu and Kashmir, that killed 19 Indian soldiers.

The strike led to a significant escalation of tensions between India and Pakistan. Pakistan denied that any surgical strike took place, but claimed that two of its soldiers were killed in Indian firing along the Line of Control (LoC) that divides the disputed region of Kashmir between the two countries. Pakistan also accused India of violating its sovereignty and territorial integrity.

The immediate consequences of the surgical strike were limited to a brief exchange of fire along the LoC and a war of words between the two countries. However, the incident further heightened the already tense situation between India and Pakistan and increased the risk of a larger conflict.

In the longer term, the surgical strike did not fundamentally alter the strategic balance between India and Pakistan. While it may have boosted India's morale and demonstrated its willingness to take military action against Pakistan-based terrorism, it did not eliminate the threat of cross-border terrorism or deter Pakistan from continuing to support militant groups.

Overall, the surgical strike had a limited impact on the security situation in South Asia, but it highlighted the continued vulnerability of the region to terrorist violence and the need for sustained efforts by India and Pakistan to address this threat through dialogue and cooperation.In September 2016, the Indian military carried out a cross-border "surgical strike" against alleged terrorist targets in Pakistan-administered Kashmir. The strike was in response to a terrorist attack on an Indian army base in Uri, Jammu and Kashmir, that killed 19 Indian soldiers.

India has long accused Pakistan of supporting cross-border terrorism and providing safe havens to terrorist groups that target India, particularly in Jammu and Kashmir. India has also accused Pakistan of using terrorism as an instrument of state policy.

The Uri attack was seen as a particularly egregious example of Pakistan's support for terrorism. The Indian government blamed the Pakistan-based militant group Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM) for the attack and accused Pakistan of harboring and supporting the group.

The surgical strike was intended to send a strong message to Pakistan and to demonstrate India's willingness to take decisive military action to defend its security and sovereignty. India claimed that the surgical strike was a preemptive, defensive action aimed at preventing further terrorist attacks on Indian soil.

However, the strike also carried significant risks, including the potential for escalation and the possibility of sparking a larger conflict between India and Pakistan. The incident further heightened tensions between the two countries and reinforced the need for sustained efforts to address the underlying causes of the conflict through dialogue and diplomacy.