WHAT IS HAMAS?

Title: How Hamas Was Formed and Which Nations Support the Terror Group

Introduction

Hamas, an acronym for Harakat al-Muqawamah al-Islamiyyah (Islamic Resistance Movement), is a Palestinian militant organization with both political and military wings. It has played a significant role in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and has been designated as a terrorist group by multiple countries and organizations. To understand the complexities surrounding Hamas, it is essential to explore its origins, evolution, and the nations that have supported or condemned the group.

The Formation of Hamas

Hamas was founded in December 1987 during the First Intifada, a Palestinian uprising against Israeli occupation in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Its roots can be traced back to the Muslim Brotherhood, a Sunni Islamist organization that advocated for the establishment of Islamic states across the Arab world.

1. Muslim Brotherhood Influence: The influence of the Muslim Brotherhood, particularly in Gaza, was a key factor in the formation of Hamas. It provided the ideological and organizational framework for the group's establishment.

2. Resistance to Israeli Occupation:Hamas was formed as a response to the ongoing Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories. It aimed to resist this occupation through both political and military means, advocating for Palestinian self-determination.

3. Social Services: In addition to its militant activities, Hamas provided social services to Palestinians, including schools, hospitals, and charities. This network of services helped it gain support among the Palestinian population, particularly in Gaza.

The Evolution of Hamas

Over the years, Hamas has evolved from a grassroots resistance movement into a multifaceted organization with political and military wings. Its evolution can be divided into several key phases:

1. Early Years (1987-1993):Hamas gained prominence during the First Intifada, primarily through acts of civil disobedience and grassroots organizing. Its charter, published in 1988, articulated its goals, including the establishment of an Islamic state in historic Palestine.

2. Peace Process and Oslo Accords (1993-2000):Hamas rejected the Oslo Accords, a peace process between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). During this period, the group carried out suicide bombings and other attacks against Israeli targets.

3. Second Intifada (2000-2005): Hamas intensified its armed struggle against Israel during the Second Intifada. Suicide bombings and rocket attacks became common tactics, resulting in a significant loss of life on both sides.

4. Political Participation (2006-Present): In 2006, Hamas won a majority in the Palestinian Legislative Council elections, leading to a political standoff with the rival Fatah party. This division culminated in Hamas taking control of Gaza in 2007, while Fatah retained control of the West Bank.

Nations That Support Hamas

Hamas has received varying degrees of support from different countries and organizations over the years. While some nations consider Hamas a terrorist group and have imposed sanctions, others provide political and financial support. It's important to note that this support is often influenced by complex geopolitical factors and regional dynamics. Here are some nations and entities that have supported Hamas to varying extents:

1. Iran: Iran has been a prominent supporter of Hamas, providing financial assistance and weapons, including rockets used in attacks against Israel. This support aligns with Iran's broader regional agenda and its opposition to Israel.

2. Qatar: Qatar has provided political and financial support to Hamas, hosting its leaders and contributing to reconstruction efforts in Gaza. The Qatari government views its support as a means to bolster Palestinian resistance and humanitarian aid.

3. Turkey: Turkey has maintained diplomatic relations with Hamas and has been critical of Israeli policies in the Palestinian territories. The Turkish government has also supported humanitarian and infrastructure projects in Gaza.

4. Russia: While not officially endorsing Hamas, Russia has engaged with the group and has called for its inclusion in peace talks. Moscow views Hamas as an influential actor in the Palestinian territories.

5. Arab States:Some Arab states, such as Qatar and Iran, have provided financial support to Hamas, while others have maintained a more cautious approach. The Arab world's stance on Hamas varies due to regional divisions and alliances.

6. European Union and United States: Both the European Union and the United States classify Hamas as a terrorist organization and have imposed sanctions on the group. They call for a peaceful resolution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and reject Hamas's use of violence.

7. United Nations: The United Nations, while engaging with Hamas on humanitarian issues, also recognizes the group's involvement in acts of violence against civilians. The UN supports a two-state solution and calls for an end to violence and a return to negotiations.