Curious facts about various human actions

Psychologist Susan Waynshank has been studying human behavior and the connection of our actions with the thought process for a long time. During this time, she managed to explain several rather interesting features of human behavior, and these explanations await you further.

1. Dopamine makes us endlessly google

Tell me honestly: can you just take and ignore the letter? And it happened that you googled the answer to a question and 30 minutes later realized that you were reading about something completely different? It's all dopamine.

Dopamine is not only responsible for the enjoyment of food and sex. It awakens in us the desire to seek a solution, increases the excitement from the very process of searching. From the point of view of evolution, this is very important - this is how dopamine forces us to explore the world and survive in it. He is also responsible for the "feeling of reward" - we are proud of ourselves when we have done everything.

The Internet has made it possible for us to find a solution almost instantly. Want to know how your friends are - one click and you are already on Facebook. Dopamine levels increase in one click; we are pleased to click, and we can not do anything about it.

Twitter is even more enjoyable thanks to its 140 symbols: the less information comes in at a time, the more dopamine levels rise.

The dopamine system is also stimulated by unpredictability: we know that we will receive a letter, but we do not know when. The same case is the anticipation of praise for the work or the expectation of the result on the slot machine.

True, we get tired of an overabundance of information. So we are unlikely to get into an endless dopamine cycle.

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2. We can keep in mind 3-4 things at a time.

At a time (about 20 seconds) you can keep in mind only 3-4 things. Then they will disappear from memory if you do not repeat them over and over again.

Imagine: you are stirring something in a saucepan and at the same time talking on the phone. They dictate a number to which you urgently need to call back, but there is nowhere to write down - the phone is old, and the pen is in another room. Need to remember.

The number is divided into 4 parts: 712-569-45-32. In this form, you repeat it to yourself: you put 4 units in memory again for a new 20 seconds. If you were dictated to you as 7-1-2-5-6-9-4-5-3-2, each number separately, it would be more difficult to remember the sequence. It's even harder to read.

It is more convenient for us to work with 3-4 bookmarks in the browser, with 3-4 menus on the site. If you need to work with a large amount of information, then it is better to combine it into 3-4 groups. Then it is easier to keep your attention.

3. We want to have a choice, but we get numb when the choice is too large

In any supermarket there are so many products, because people need a huge choice. At least that's how we think of ourselves. In fact, we freeze in indecision if the choice is too great.

A tasting was organized in the store: they put 6 jars of jam on the table and invited everyone to try it. And later they put 24 jars on the table.

When there were 6 jars, 60 out of 100 people (it is clear that there were more of them, but the number of 100 is clearer) stopped and tried, 18 people decided to buy jam. When the number of jars became four times larger, only 40 people out of 100 stopped, and only two made a purchase.

But why then do we demand a huge choice? This is dopamine again - searching for information is addictive. We stop looking only if we are completely sure of the answer. Fewer cans - less search area - easier to decide and buy.

By the way, in both cases, people tried only 3-4 varieties.

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4. We cannot ignore food, sex or danger. No way You

may have noticed that people always drive more slowly past the accident, even if the road is clear, there are no obstacles. What's so interesting about someone else's misfortune? We even risk seeing something terrible, because of which we will not be able to sleep later.

The "reptilian brain" is to blame for everything.

We have three types of brain:

"Human brain" - is responsible for awareness, logic and reasoning. We think that it is he who leads us.

Mammal brain - processes emotions.

"Reptilian brain" - cares about survival.

Part of our brain really resembles the brain of a reptile. She appeared first. Her job is to scan the environment and answer the questions: “Can I eat this? Have sex with this person? Can it kill me? "

Food, sex, and danger are all about survival. Millions of years ago, the brain only cared about this. We inherited this.

It doesn't matter how much we consciously try to ignore food, sex, and danger. We won't necessarily eat chocolate cake, we won't necessarily start flirting with a pretty girl, and we won't necessarily try to run away from her hefty boyfriend - but we'll definitely notice it all.

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5. Brands are reaching out to our reptilian brain

You are considering buying a new TV. What will you choose: a familiar brand is more expensive or an incomprehensible “no name” is much cheaper?

We already know about the reptilian brain. He is for safety - he is afraid of losing potential benefits.

Brand stands for safety. If for some reason we like the brand, then the reptilian brain signals: good thing, you know! But if Panasonic broke down 15 years ago, we will not buy a thing from this brand soon, although we don't even really remember what upset us so much. The reptilian brain has firmly learned that the brand is unreliable.

If we choose a thing on the Internet, then the brand becomes the decisive factor. We cannot touch it, and we can only navigate by the brand. And more on the reviews.

6. In an incomprehensible situation, we always look at other people.

You are looking for boots on the site. You liked one pair in the photo, you need to read the reviews. Most of the reviews are positive, but there are a few negative ones. Should I buy or not?

We tend to look at other people if we don't know what to do. This is called the craze effect.

Psychologists conducted an experiment with smoke. The person was asked to fill out a questionnaire and left in a room with other people. He alone sincerely believed that he was just filling out a questionnaire here, the rest were dummies.

Then smoke was blown into the room - a potential danger appeared. The subject did not know what to do and looked at other people in the room. If they ignored the smoke, he calmed down and continued to do his thing.

If he was alone, he usually left the room to warn others about the smoke.

So most likely we will buy boots, especially if we see emotional comments or whole stories about these boots. Stories speak to our "mammalian brain", evoke emotions, and we love it very much.

We want to think that we are independent of the opinions of others, but, unfortunately, we very easily fall under the influence of others. We just need to get the right nudge.

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7. Photos of people attract our attention the most.

Animation does not count. From stationary objects, photographs of people attract our attention in the first place. Even when the photo disappears (for example, we scroll down the site page), we automatically look at the same point for a few more seconds.

The eyes are the most attractive on the face. If you want to grab the visitor's attention, place a close-up of the face on the page, which is looking directly into the camera. A part of our brain is responsible for recognizing human faces as well as recognizing emotions. So we immediately look at the evil and scary face: the brain will react to potential danger.

8. Intuition or logic? Depends on mood Does a

person make decisions based on logic or intuition? And how is it more effective?

Research shows that it is more effective to use a logical approach when it comes to making a simple decision. If it's difficult, trust your intuition. With a difficult decision, it is difficult for us to consciously take into account all the facts, so it is more logical to let the subconscious mind handle it for us.

Mood also influences decision making. If you're in a good mood, it's best to trust your intuition. If it's bad - to logic. In a bad mood, everything seems worse to us than it really is, so we subconsciously will be careful and take into account negative factors.

9. Our mind wanders 30% of the time

You read a report on a job and suddenly realize that you are rereading one sentence for the third time. Instead of thinking about the content of the text, your mind wandered.

A wandering mind and dreams are not the same thing. When you dream, you imagine something specific: how you will go to the Dominican Republic or become famous. And a wandering mind is when you thought about the report, and then the thoughts suddenly went away by themselves, and now you are already thinking about something else, and you do not even know what exactly.

This is fine. Our mind wanders 30% of the time. Moreover, it's good: this way the brain can partially focus on one, not too difficult task, and partially process another task. For example, you read a colleague's report and at the same time figure out what to give your aunt for an anniversary.

Worse, most of the time we are not even aware that the mind is wandering. This means that we can skip important information, and the aunt will remain without a gift, and the author of the report - without a bonus.

10. Even the illusion of progress is already a strong motivation.

At a local cafe you were presented with a loyalty card. Every time you buy coffee, a stamp is put on the card. The required number of stamps is typed - you get a cup for free.

Two options:

Collect 10 stamps for a free cup. When you received the card, there are none on it.

You need 12 stamps for a free cup. The map is marked with 2.

Question: with which card will you save up for a free cup faster?

It seems that there is no difference: both there and there 10 stamps are left to accumulate. But most of us will start to fill out Card B. The reason for this behavior is the effect of getting closer to the goal.

In 1934, Clark Hull set up an experiment on rats. He put the rats in a familiar labyrinth in a random place. The rats that found themselves closer to the end of the maze and, accordingly, to the food, ran to it much faster.

The closer we are to the goal, the faster we act. The closer the goal, the stronger our motivation.

Even the illusion of progress increases motivation, as in the example with the cards: with the map, And there is still so much to do, and on map B someone has already tried for us, there is progress.

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