A História
Bio
"Hi. My name is Wellington and I'm a passion for general history. Here, I publish articles on different periods and themes in history, from prehistory to the present day.
Stories (19/0)
History's Greatest Explorers
The exploration of ancient times was a captivating endeavor undertaken by individuals who ventured into uncharted territories, faced extraordinary dangers and challenges, and expanded the horizons of human knowledge. These intrepid explorers were driven by curiosity, the spirit of adventure, and the tireless search for new discoveries. Whether navigating uncharted oceans, scaling towering mountains, or traversing unexplored territories, they left an indelible mark on history.
By A História8 months ago in History
The Achaemenids
The Zagros Mountains region was settled by nomadic peoples from the north of the Caspian Sea around 800BC, who established small settlements. These peoples were part of a subgroup of the Indo-European peoples, classified as Indo-Iranian peoples or Aryans, and would later form the Achaemenid Empire, also known as the Medo-Persian Empire. The Medes, a tribe within this group, subjugated other Aryan tribes and established their main city, Ecbatana. In 612 BCE, the Medes, in alliance with Babylon, defeated the Assyrian Empire and established themselves as a major political and military power in Mesopotamia. The Medes conquered northern Mesopotamia, Armenia, and parts of Asia Minor, and were fighting against the Lydians when a solar eclipse occurred on the same day as the Battle of the Halys River, leading to a peace agreement. After the death of Cyaxares, his son Astyages became the ruler of the Medes and laid the foundation for a vast empire.
By A História8 months ago in History
The First Americans
Since the inception of our species' exploration of the world, it has encountered significant challenges, and human adaptation has been a necessary requirement for our survival and proliferation on this planet. The continents of Africa, Asia, Europe, and Oceania bear the marks of human occupation since the beginning of human history. However, the American continent presents some uncertainties. The question of who the First Americans were, when they arrived on the continent, and how the colonization of the continent occurred persists due to its geographic location, far from other continents. The most widely accepted hypothesis is that at the end of the Pleistocene period, a thin strip of land called Beringia connected North America with Asia, as the sea level was approximately 120m below the current level. However, with the changes in climatic conditions that occurred at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum period, which began around 25,000 years ago, the sea level began to rise gradually, and the then layer of land, Beringia, was submerged, leaving only small islands projected further to the east. This caused the populations known as paleo-indigenous to be forced to leave the region, following the herds of animals they hunted or looking for other sources of food and heat, and they were forced to go towards what we now know as Alaska and Canada, down through the Yukon Valley, and also following ice-free corridors between the Laurentide Ice Sheets, which was a great sheet of ice that covered North America until the current Great Lakes region. An alternative migration by coastal navigation is also suggested, where some groups would follow the mainland coast, heading south. In the following millennia, the descendants of these Asians moved south in search of favorable conditions and ended up populating the entire American continent, being known as the first Americans. This is currently the most accepted hypothesis, but there are others that are also considered, such as the idea that the continent was colonized from peoples coming from the Pacific Ocean, from Australian, Malay, and Polynesian aboriginal peoples who would have migrated by accident and colonized the west coast of South America. Many support this idea, with recently discovered ancestral DNA data indicating that there is a higher proportion of Australo-Melanesian ancestry in South American Native Americans, a signature absent in indigenous populations from North and Central America. The Americas were shaped by these migratory phenomena, associated with climatic factors, to lay the foundations of various cultures and peoples that marked the continent. The evidence of the presence of ancient hunting groups in Central America has been found at the El Bosque site, near Pueblo Nuevo, in the Estelí district of northwestern Nicaragua. The stratigraphic features of the site indicate the presence of a lower layer with numerous bones of large mammals identified as belonging to the species of Megalonychids, a type of giant sloth called Ere-motherium, of species of Odocoileus, an extinct type of deer, and also bones of chelonians and small mammals, and the artifacts associated with this fauna were manufactured, being chipped in a very rudimentary way. In South America, peoples originating from the first wave created great cultures and societies as complex as those found in Asia, Africa, and Europe. Some native South American populations, such as the Suruí, Caritiana, Xavante, Guarani-Caioá, and Chutuná, share 3% of their DNA with peoples from Australia and Oceania, suggesting that these individuals descend from one of the first waves to cross Beringia about 15,000 years ago. This ancestral group is known among scientists as the Y population, initial of Ypykuéra, Tupi word for ancestor. However, there is no evidence that the peoples of Oceania crossed the Pacific and arrived directly in South America. What most likely happened, according to the most recent data, is that the migration of these individuals took place to Asia and then to Africa. Beringia, and in this migratory process, they started living in the Americas. Despite the existence of geological, archaeological, and genetic evidence, we still do not have an irrefutable certainty of who the First American was, and we hope that with more research, we can unravel this mystery.
By A História8 months ago in History
The Aksumites
The African continent is renowned for its vastness, diverse cultures, peoples, languages, and rich history. As one of the oldest inhabited regions, Africa has witnessed numerous migratory waves and the rise and fall of powerful kingdoms and empires. However, it is important to note that the concepts of "empire" and "kingdom" may not fully account for the political-military phenomena that existed in Africa. Therefore, the use of these terms must be understood as conventions, and some specialist historians in Africa have already adopted alternative concepts such as "centralized unit" and "political-military unit". In this video, we explore the history of the Axumite Empire, an African kingdom that left a significant mark on history.
By A História9 months ago in History
Mystery
In November 1951, a group of workers linked to Mao Tse-tung's revolutionary army made an intriguing discovery while demolishing the medieval era wall of Yanzhou. The workers came across a block completely different from the others, and it didn't take long for them to notice that strange drawings were engraved on it, as well as decorative elements and writing in a mysterious language. The workers suspected that it was the piece of a tomb, possibly a tombstone. This discovery raises questions about the possibility of stable European communities living in China during the Middle Ages. What was written on that mysterious stone, and what is the relationship of this discovery with other artifacts found years later? Was Marco Polo really the first European to set foot in China?
By A História9 months ago in History
The Meiji Era
The period from 1868 to 1912 marked a transformative era in Japan's history, characterized by rapid modernization and westernization. Prior to the Meiji era, Japan had followed a policy of isolation known as "sakoku," which severely limited contact and trade with foreign peoples. However, by the mid-1800s, the world was already experiencing the rise of modernity, with most countries enjoying international trade and the emergence of important new inventions such as electric batteries and steam engines. Despite this, Japan still maintained a feudal system of government that was considerably behind the rest of the world.
By A História9 months ago in Education
The British Empire
The British Empire, at its height, was the largest empire the world had ever seen, covering approximately a quarter of the earth's land surface and ruling over 458 million people. As such, its power and influence extended across the globe. The British Empire achieved spanned several continents and had a significant impact on the political, economic, and cultural development of the countries under its rule. The origins of the British Empire can be traced back to the early periods of European maritime expansion, but it was during the Age of Discovery in the late 15th and early 20th centuries that Great Britain began to establish a significant presence on other continents.
By A História9 months ago in Education