Blood Cancer- Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options

Leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma are examples of blood cancers, commonly referred to as hematological malignancies. Blood cancer begins in cells of the immune system, such as the lymph nodes, or in blood-forming tissues such as the bone marrow. The formation or routine operation of normal blood cells, such as their ability to ward off disease or control bleeding, is affected by abnormal blood cells.

Blood cancer causes non-specific, widespread symptoms that are associated with blood cell loss or dysfunction. General weakness, high fever, night sweats, vomiting, breathing problems, weight loss, recurrent infections, back pain, abdominal discomfort, GI distress, recurrent fractures, unusual bleeding, or skin rash are among its symptoms. Abnormal gland swelling in the neck, armpit, or groin areas are among other symptoms. Patients may have frequent infections that require hospitalization.

Although many different forms of blood cancer are known, each requires a different approach to therapy. Myeloma, lymphoma and leukemia are the three primary forms.

Leukemia: Leukemia is a disease that develops when abnormal white blood cells called blasts are produced abnormally rapidly and uncontrollably (proliferate slowly). Neutrophils and lymphocytes are examples of white blood cells that typically fight infection. Because there are too many white blood cells, they are unable to fight off infections and their production and function are disrupted.

Lymphoma: Lymphoma is a type of blood cancer that affects the lymphocytes or the lymphatic system of the body, which includes the lymph nodes. White blood cells called lymphocytes help the body fight diseases. The immune system is then put at risk by these lymphoma cells. Most cases of blood cancer in adults are lymphomas, accounting for more than half of all cases. Lymphoma comes in two different types:

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma begins with an abnormal white blood cell proliferation and can result in malignant tumors anywhere in the body. It can be T or B cell. They may present with atypical symptoms and occur more frequently than Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Hodgkin's lymphoma is recognized by the presence of an abnormally large lymphocyte known as a Reed-Sternberg cell. It is produced in immune cells called B lymphocytes or B cells. Usually, they do this in an infectious manner.

Myeloma is caused by the growth of abnormal plasma cells. White blood cells called plasma cells make antibodies, which help protect against infection. Blood tests can identify abnormal proteins called M bands, which are produced by myeloma cells. This abnormal protein can harm the kidneys, through kidney damage, including kidney failure and elevated levels of calcium.

Diagnosis-

physical examination

CBC, liver and kidney function tests along with peripheral smear are among the blood tests.

Bone marrow examination using cytogenetics and flow cytometry

diagnostic imaging exams, including MRIs, PET scans, and CT scans

surgical excision of lymph nodes (for examination)

PCR and NGS tests for molecular analysis

further special tests-

Elimination of cancer is the main goal of blood cancer treatment. The type of blood cancer, age, the rate at which the disease is progressing, and the parts of the body affected all determine how the disease is treated.

Management of blood cancer depends on its form and nature. These include chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, palliative care, enrollment in clinical trials, and bone marrow transplant.

At CBCC Cancer Centre, Agartala, patients have the benefit of state-of-the-art infrastructure, a highly specialized team of top hemato-oncologists, and a dedicated and compassionate multi-disciplinary team of specialists with expertise in treating all blood types. Disorders and bone marrow transplantation. The Department of Hemato-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant at CBCC Cancer Centre, Agartala is dedicated to enhancing patient outcomes by employing strategies founded on a solid understanding of the biology of the disease. We have extensive experience in both traditional and cutting-edge medicine to ensure that the care plan provides the best outcomes for our patients. To meet everyone's unique needs, we work closely with our partners in other fields such as nutrition, social work, psychiatry, geriatrics, and more.

Comprehensive Blood and Cancer Center (CBCC) is a United States based cancer care network with centers in the United States and India. The ultimate objective of CBCC is to provide quality cancer care with advanced technology and growing innovation. CBCC Cancer Centre, Agartala is affiliated to the same reputed institute and is one of the most reputed medical institute in Eastern India. It is reputed for providing accessible and affordable healthcare services to the patients. A highly qualified and caring team of doctors provides exceptional cancer care through interdisciplinary treatment.

In case of specialist consultation, visit your nearest CBCC center

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