What is collagen

What is collagen

The most prevalent protein in the body is collagen, also known as gelatin, and it is concentrated mostly at the level of bones, tendons, cartilage, the skin, membranes, and blood vessels.

One of the primary constituents of connective tissue is collagen.

Collagen works to keep the skin tight, toned, and compact, reducing the appearance of wrinkles at the skin's surface. In fact, it is found in the dermis, where it creates the three-dimensional structure that provides the skin strength and elasticity, together with elastic fibers and glycosaminoglycans.

Regrettably, as we age, collagen synthesis declines, while its degradation rises and, with it, the roughness of the skin, which thins and becomes less compact.

Because of this, collagen supplements are widely available in anti-aging nutraceuticals, and the substance is also widely used in cosmetics.

Naturally, the aging process causes collagen to break down in the skin just as it does in other areas where connective tissue is present, like, for instance, tendons and cartilage. It is no accident that the market offers a wide range of collagen supplements designed specifically to support the osteoarticular system's health.

Food Collagen

Collagen is primarily consumed through foods that contain meat because it is primarily found in the animal kingdom. Fish is more digestible than beef, which is higher in connective tissue, and this is why high collagen percentages make food less palatable.

The body creates collagen from the many amino acids that make it up. Nutritionally speaking, it is notably rich in glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline, while sulfur amino acids are lacking. Dietary collagen can promote or in any event favor its re-synthesis in the body since it is rich in the amino acids required for its synthesis after being digested and broken down into the individual amino acids that make it up.

Collagen supplements

Naturally, this priceless protein, which is big and tough to digest, serves as the major component of collagen supplements.

Collagen is frequently contained in supplements containing it in hydrolysed form (hydrolysed collagen), which means that it has only partially digested, in order to reduce its gelling power and promote intestine absorption (much appreciated in confectionery). Although many manufacturers now prefer to use marine collagen, which is derived from fish, the collagen used in these products is still mostly derived from the bones, skins, and connective tissues of animals like cattle, pigs, and horses.

Depending on the condition (blemishes of the weather, joint disorders, etc.) that the supplement aims to improve, other active ingredients can be added to the formulation - in addition to collagen -.

For example, collagen in combination with glucosamine and/or chondroitin sulphate is part of the composition of supplements intended to promote joint well-being, preventing arthritic processes (degradation of joint cartilage) and supporting recovery from traumatic events.

In antiaging supplements, on the other hand, in addition to collagen - or as an alternative to it - you can find substances capable of preserving this protein from degradation, or of stimulating its synthesis by fibroblasts and chondrocytes (skin and cartilage cells, respectively, responsible for the production of collagen); this is the case, for example, of vitamin C and extracts of gotu kola titrated in asiaticaside .

Furthermore, collagen is often combined with hyaluronic acid, a high molecular weight substance that retains large quantities of water in the skin and joint fluid, protecting the skin and joints from damage related to aging processes. The collagen-hyaluronic acid combination, therefore, can be very useful both in anti-aging products and in supplements for the well-being of bones and joints. Furthermore, in the field of aesthetic medicine, collagen and hyaluronic acid can be injected (alone or in combination) as wrinkle filling agents ( fillers ) directly into the skin.

Collagen synthesis can also be enhanced by the supplementation of single amino acids, such as arginine , hydroxyproline and ornithine .

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