A Brief History of Grand Canyon National Park

The Grand Canyon: A Rich History and Timeless Wonder

The Grand Canyon. Enormous, iconic, breathtaking. 2019 marked Grand Canyon National Park's 100th anniversary. But how did it get to be such a beloved destination? Archeological artifacts suggest that people lived in and around the canyon some 12,000 years ago. Today, it's still considered a sacred place to 11 Native American tribes, despite being moved on to reservations in the 1800s. The United States didn't really explore the area until the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ceded over 500,000 square miles of land to the US, including the Grand Canyon.

Unveiling the Untouched Beauty

In 1857, the US government sent an expedition led by Lieutenant Joseph Ives to explore the Colorado River. While Ives admired the scenery in his report, he wrote, "The region is, of course, altogether valueless. Ours has been the first, and will doubtless be the last, party of whites to visit this profitless locality." History proved Ives wrong, but throughout the late 1800s, companies struggled to make the area profitable. Few were considering this harsh landscape as a tourist destination.

The Preservation Initiative

Even so, President Benjamin Harrison saw the need to protect this inspiring place and created the Grand Canyon National Forest Reserve in 1893. The Grand Canyon's popularity grew tremendously after that. In 1901, a new rail line ran directly to the Grand Canyon Village, where most tourists, to this day, start their visit. A comfortable train ride and the brand new El Tovar hotel enticed the elite class to visit the Grand Canyon.

Presidential Endorsement and National Monument Status

Including President Theodore Roosevelt, during his 1903 visit, he emphasized the importance of preserving the Grand Canyon in a speech, "Leave it as it is. You cannot improve on it; not a bit. The ages have been at work on it, and man can only mar it." In 1908, Roosevelt declared the Grand Canyon a national monument. During this time, more visitors made use of the traditional Native American walking trails, like the Bright Angel Trail, for mule rides and hiking. Increased visitors also meant a need for more lodging.

Architectural Marvels and National Park Status

Architect Mary Elizabeth Jane Colter was hired to design many of the park's most iconic buildings. Her groundbreaking work earned her the nickname "Grand Canyon's architect." Finally, three years after the National Park Service was created, on February 26th, 1919, President Woodrow Wilson signed the Grand Canyon National Park into law, making it the nation's 17th national park. Over 37,000 people visited the newly enshrined park in its first year. Today, the park has hosted more than 211 million guests.

Challenges and Conservation Efforts

But all this momentum led to some growing pains. Commercial flights, which were gaining popularity in the 1950s, would treat passengers to a view of the Grand Canyon while en route to their destination. This led to disaster in June of 1956 when two commercial planes crashed over the Grand Canyon, killing all 128 people on board. It was the deadliest aviation disaster of the time and motivated Congress to regulate the then largely uncontrolled skies.

The 21st century has brought its own set of challenges. Helicopter tours have increased so much that a part of the canyon has been nicknamed "helicopter alley".

Protecting the Grand Canyon's Natural Integrity

The 21st century has brought its own set of challenges. Helicopter tours have increased so much that a part of the canyon has been nicknamed "helicopter alley." The constant buzz of helicopters threatens the tranquility of the natural surroundings. Additionally, development companies are proposing new retail and lodging ventures, which have sparked concerns about interrupting the pristine beauty of the canyon.

However, amidst these challenges, conservationists and Native American tribes continue to fight to preserve the natural integrity of the park. They recognize the significance of safeguarding this national treasure for future generations to enjoy. Their efforts align with the long-standing commitment to protecting and cherishing the Grand Canyon.

A Timeless Wonder in American Hearts

Through it all, the Grand Canyon has solidified itself in the hearts and minds of Americans. Its awe-inspiring beauty and historical significance make it a cherished symbol of the country's natural wonders. Each year, millions of visitors from around the world come to witness the grandeur of the canyon, marveling at its sheer size and breathtaking vistas.

Conclusion

The Grand Canyon stands as a testament to the power and beauty of nature. From its early inhabitants thousands of years ago to the Native American tribes who consider it sacred, and the explorers, architects, and presidents who recognized its significance, the canyon's rich history is intertwined with its enduring allure. While facing various challenges over the years, the Grand Canyon continues to captivate and inspire visitors from all walks of life, reminding us of the need to protect and preserve our natural wonders.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. How old is the Grand Canyon?

The Grand Canyon is estimated to be around 5 to 6 million years old.

2. How deep is the Grand Canyon?

The Grand Canyon reaches a maximum depth of approximately 1 mile (1.6 kilometers).

3. Can you hike down into the Grand Canyon?

Yes, there are several hiking trails that allow visitors to explore the depths of the Grand Canyon, such as the Bright Angel Trail and the South Kaibab Trail.

4. How long does it take to visit the Grand Canyon?

The duration of a visit to the Grand Canyon can vary depending on the activities you choose to engage in. A day trip can provide a glimpse of its beauty, but to fully appreciate its magnificence, it's recommended to spend at least a couple of days exploring the different viewpoints and trails.

5. Are there any restrictions on flying drones in the Grand Canyon?

Yes, the National Park Service prohibits the use of drones within the boundaries of the Grand Canyon National Park to protect visitor safety and preserve the natural and cultural resources of the area.

With its captivating history and unmatched beauty, the Grand Canyon remains a cherished destination for travelers worldwide. Its grandeur serves as a reminder of the awe-inspiring wonders that nature has to offer.