James Wabb Space Telescope

Unlike Hubble, which enters and exits the Earth's shadow every 90 minutes, Webb will have an unmistakable vision that will allow scientific work to be done 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. As it will always be in the same position concerning the Earth, in the sky at midnight. about 1.5 million miles from there, we can have regular contact with it as the Earth orbits a deep space network (DSN) using three large earth horns found in Australia, Spain and California. Data will be transmitted from JWST to Earth via NASA's extensive space network, processed and rated at STScI, and distributed online to astronomers around the world.

NIRISS will explore space to find traces of the first light in the universe, and will search and identify unknown planets. Described by scientists as the “time machine” will allow astronomers to study the origin of the universe shortly after the Big Bang 13.8 billion years and observe the signs of the planets that support life in our galaxy. The Webb Telescope will look at all stages of the history of the universe, including the first flare up since the Big Bang created our universe, as well as the formation of galaxies, stars, and planets that fill the universe today. Its capabilities will allow the observatory to answer questions about our solar system and to study the weak points of the first galaxies that were built 13.5 billion years ago.

Since Webb is an infrared telescope, it will focus mainly on spectroscopy. Webb will focus on infrared light from the simplest and most distant objects. In L2, Webb will not have the same sensitivity to temperature changes that could distort the power of telescopes to see the universe. According to NASA, Webb will act as an infrared detector, detecting invisible light from us and revealing hidden areas of space.

The telescope has a mirror that can extend 21 feet 4 inches (6.5 meters). This large length allows the mirror to collect more light on the objects we see when the telescope is in space. The telescope includes tools from the Canadian Space Agency and the European Space Agency.

NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center is leading the way in development, and the Space Telescope Science Institute will host Webb after its launch. The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) at the Johns Hopkins University Homewood Campus in Baltimore, Maryland has been selected as JWST's Science Operations Center (S&OC) with an initial budget of $ 162.2 million to support the first year of operation. After the launch.

With a gold-plated mirror 21 or 6.5 meters wide, JWST will be able to collect infrared light from galaxies that transmit 13.6 billion light years into space and space. The James Webb Space Telescope will not orbit the Earth like the Hubble Space Telescope: it will orbit the sun at a place called the second Lagrangian point, or L2, 1.5 million kilometers (1 million miles) from Earth. After launching the Ariane 5 rocket from French Guiana at 12:20 GMT, the spacecraft will travel to a stable and gravitational force called the Lagrange point — in this case, the Lagrange point of L2-orbits the sun approximately 1.5 million miles. Beyond the earth.

Next month, the spacecraft will reach its final destination 1 million miles from the earth. Along the way, the spacecraft will rotate slightly and rotate to reach its final configuration — the process required for a telescope to view space.

As Weber, almost like any other built-in satellite, will not use, it uses a seven-year comprehensive integration and testing system to verify the system and identify any problems before launch so that [by global control 器] can fix them. these problems. When NASA appointed Northrop Grumman to lead the construction of the Webbs in 2002, the personnel responsible for the missions estimated that the cost of the project was between US $ 1 billion and $ 3.5 billion, and it was launched into space in 2010. NASA initially hoped to launch in 2010. In 2007, rising costs prompted engineers to re-examine telescopes in 2005. NASA has also launched a new 7-ton telescope in partnership with space missions in Europe and Canada. Thousands of people from 29 countries have been working there since the 1990's.

Astronomers around the world have been looking forward to when Webb will reach the skies after years of failure. After the JWST finally arrived at the launch site, NASA set the launch date for December 18. Following the resumption of construction, NASA announced the postponement of the launch date on October 31, 2021.

Upon completion, JWST will make full use of its main image, which needs to be implemented in the folded space. But if nothing happens, the JWST will begin sending scientific data back to Earth this summer (NASA, ESA and Canadian Space Agency crews will receive 15% and 5% of their time respectively. Full view). But the world's largest and most advanced space exploration will answer questions about our solar system, study exoplanets in new ways, and gain an understanding of the universe in an unprecedented way. The giant telescope is neatly folded to fit the silent rocket, and it will open slightly during the first week into space.

The expected JWST weight is about half that of the Hubble Space Telescopes, but its larger screen, a 6.5-meter-wide gold beryllium display, will have a collection of six times as large, 25.4 m2 (273 sq. Ft.), If used with mirrors 18 Hexagonal with 0.9 m2 shade (9.7 sq. ft.) with second support legs. However, the JWST screen will reduce the Hubble screen size to 8 feet or 2.4 meters wide. The NIRCam will be equipped with coronagraphs that can block the light of bright objects, making objects appear dim next to these stars (for example, planets).

To achieve these goals, it will look at the infrared band, avoid visible light and ultraviolet light, and the Hubble Space Telescope will list it.