"Nanotechnology"

Role of Nano technology to fight against COVID-19

Introduction

Nanotechnology is considered as emerging field and proves helpful in different areas of life including Medicine, Agriculture and in the field of bio-labeling. Nanotechnology and Nano medicine have an excellent potential to deal with the various human health problems. It is emerging day by day and has a scientific importance from past few decades and comes up with new challenges. It changes the life by providing the vast number of solutions for the emerging problems. Furthermore it can be used in the area of gene therapy, Drug delivery and in the treatment of cancer. Nanoparticles having same size and physical characteristics as the virus, but somehow virus is considered as the smart and efficient nanoparticle. As the nanoparticle has a small size and large surface area to interact with the material, it has a large number of physical, chemical and to some extent biological properties. Nanotechnology comes up with the solution to the main problem of this outbreak. It has the small size and easily interacts with the targeted molecule and manipulates it. When we done diagnosis the whole procedure done on nanoscale. Hand held devices are used to operate these systems that are easy to operate and workable. This technology provides us with some benefits such as it shows rapid result and detects the disease at early stages. It also reduces the amount of the chemical reagent. Nanotechnology also plays a protective role and reduces the degradation of anti-infecting agents and prevents the accumulation of viral agents within the body.

Nanoparticle use in Nano medicine

Nanomaterial is highly used in different clinical and health care laboratories with some related applications such as Pharmaceuticals, diagnosis techniques, Sanitization, Anticancer therapies, Wearable devise, wound dressing, Vaccination and drug delivery. Nanoparticles are further researched for the developing highly reliable antiviral and antibacterial drugs, just because of their size and comprehensive application to detect and fight against nano sized virus.

When we talk about vaccine, they develop a prominent approach in which nano sized particles same as the size of virus and same molecular complexity made up of some special proteins. These viruses like particle mimic the virus but they do not have the genetic genome that may infect the cell by multiplying. Main goal to develop such an authentic approach is to develop a healthy immune system and provides safety to fight with the other pathogens. So, in this review we will talk about all the comprehensive methods that are develop with the help of the nanotechnology including vaccination, Detection, and antiviral nanomaterial. When we talk about their chemical composition they may be organic or inorganic in nature. They are spheroid or polyandric in shape with a size range from 10 to 1000 nm. Antiviral nanomaterial are mostly small in size as compared to the other viral particles, for instance the average size is about 140nm of SARS-CoV-2 virus. Nanomaterial works by acting on the spike proteins or on the whole surface of the virus and damages the structural components of the virus and inactivates the viral genome. The potential behavior and characteristics of antiviral nanomaterial along with its ongoing clinical and preclinical research and the current need of their product to safely control the global pandemic is described below one by one.

Nanoparticles containing products

Clinical researchers are still working on a large number of antiviral Nano medicines. Whereas some are approved international research centers and is in current use. Nanotechnology based compounds improves the activity of many antiviral drugs and provides us a large number of advantages over a vast areas of life.