Bio Fertilizer

Bio Fertilizer:

Bio fertilizers are natural or organic substances containing beneficial microorganisms that enhance soil fertility and promote plant growth by improving nutrient availability and nutrient cycling in the soil. They are an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers, contributing to more balanced and resilient agricultural systems.

General Procedure of Bio Fertilizer Production:

General overview of the typical steps involved in the production of bio fertilizers, which may also be applicable in PCSIR (Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) labs or other similar research institutions.

Strain selection:

The first step involves identifying and selecting suitable microorganisms, such as bacteria or fungi, with specific plant growth-promoting traits. These may include nitrogen-fixing, phosphate-solubilizing, or disease-suppressing abilities.

Isolation and culture:

The selected microbial strains are isolated from natural sources or existing collections and then cultured on suitable nutrient media to obtain pure cultures.

Mass propagation:

Once the pure cultures are obtained, they are mass propagated using bioreactors or other suitable techniques to produce a large quantity of the bio fertilizer microorganisms.

Carrier preparation:

A suitable carrier material, such as peat, vermiculite, or compost, is chosen to mix with the mass-produced microbial inoculant. The carrier provides a medium for the microorganisms to survive and remain viable during storage.

Inoculation:

The mass-produced microbial inoculant is mixed with the carrier material to impregnate it with the beneficial microorganisms.

Incubation:

The inoculated carrier material is allowed to incubate for a specific period to ensure the proper colonization and multiplication of the beneficial microorganisms.

Quality control:

The final bio fertilizer product undergoes quality control tests to ensure the viability, purity, and effectiveness of the microbial content.

Packaging:

Once the bio fertilizer passes quality control, it is packed in suitable packaging materials to maintain its viability and shelf life.

Distribution and application:

The bio fertilizer is then distributed to farmers or end-users, who can apply it directly to the soil or seed during planting to enhance crop growth and productivity.

Bio fertilizer Production:

First of all, we select two stain of microorganism which are Trico derma Viride (Fungus) use as Disease Suppression through Mycoparasitism and Bacillus Spp (Bacteria) use as Phosphate solubilisation as its covert P2O5 into H2PO4, it also helps in Nitrogen Fixation and Disease Suppression through Antagonism. Both of the species are richly available in soil we isolate it from there.

Trico derma Isolation:

First of all, take a sample of soil around 5-10 g then dilute the sample using distilled water and then add 1ml of the sample and pour it on the media. The media we use were PDA, MEA, YEA and it ph was around 3.5-4.5.

After few days we notice the growth of different fungus and then we subculture the Trico derma from it so we can get pure culture of it. After getting pure culture then we harvest the culture using sterilize water and store in a sterilize bottle.

Bacillus Isolation:

First of all, take a sample of soil around 5-10 g then dilute the sample using distilled water and then add 1ml of the sample and pour it on the media. The media we use was Nutrient Agar and its ph was around 6-7.

After few days we notice the growth of different bacteria and then we subculture it on PSB media in order to get phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Those bacteria which form Hollow Zone as it solubilizes the phosphate then we subculture those bacteria in order get pure culture of it then we harvest the culture using sterilize water and store in a sterilize bottle.

Mixing of Culture and Phosphate:

We mix phosphate sawdust and the culture in a large mixer tank and then leave it for 3 or 4 days for inoculation as the bacteria solubilize the phosphate P2O5 into H2PO4. Then the Bio fertilizer quality is tested and it is determined whether it is good to go or not.