There were cloned sheep 24 years ago, why not clone humans? Watch what happens to Dolly the Sheep and you'll know

Cells divide many times to form tissues, form organs, and finally become organisms, which means that just one cell can develop into an individual, or just a part of the tissue. After cell division and perfection, it can become an individual, which is common in nature. There are phenomena such as sporogenesis, which do not go through the union of hermaphroditic germ cells, but directly produce new individuals from the mother, which is called asexual reproduction.

The existence of asexual reproduction is the premise of the possibility of human beings to control the existence of life according to their own intentions. On this basis, in 1938, German scientist Spearman first proposed the idea of ​​artificial genetic manipulation of animal reproduction. In 1952, American scientists Briggs and King used tadpole cells. , copied the northern leopard frog, in 1961 Chinese scientist Tong Di copied the female carp, in 1963 J.B.S.Haldane named this behavior "clone" for the first time, and the cloning technology was born.

Since relatively high-level animals can only create life through sexual reproduction, cloning technology is actually relatively complicated. At present, it can only develop from cells to individuals, but cannot perfect from a part of the organization into an individual. Of course, it is said to be It is relatively simple to transfer the nucleus of a somatic cell into an egg cell with the nucleus removed, and then use some means to promote it to integrate, and then divide and reproduce to develop into an embryo, which is finally transferred to the uterus to give birth.

This technology can now be fully used in humans, which is beyond doubt, otherwise countries would not have signed and promulgated anti-cloning agreements and bills one after another. In 1990, the United Kingdom passed the "Human Insemination and Embryology Act". Reproduction of human individuals is prohibited. In 1991, Germany implemented the "Embryo Protection Law", in 2000, Japan passed the "Draft Law on Restricting Human Cloning Technology". In 2021, China added the crime of illegally cloning embryos.

But I believe everyone is also very strange. Although the law prohibits it, the law is issued after the technology is released, and the temptation of this technology is great. Hasn’t anyone tried cloning before or after, and no one has succeeded? Some people have tried it. For example, the French scientist Rijit Boiselier, who is active in the United States, secretly cloned it, which was later discovered by the US Food and Drug Administration. !

However, no one has really seen cloned human beings. One of the reasons is from Dolly the sheep. The Roslin Institute in Scotland and PPLT cloned a lamb in 1996, named Dolly. The birth process was the result of scientists from DNA was extracted from a Finnish Mianyang, and a black-faced sheep provided eggs, and then another black-faced sheep was used to give birth, so this sheep has 3 mothers, but no father.

The advent of Dolly the sheep stimulated the development of cloning technology, but unfortunately, a sheep can live for 12 years, but Dolly only lived for 6 years, because cloning can not really be exactly the same, it will cause genetic defects , so it will cause the clones to have various diseases, easy to die prematurely, and even miscarriage. The success is very low. Basically, only one of the hundreds of cloned animals will survive.

Faced with a human body with more complex genes, the difficulty of cloning is of course higher. The cloned sheep cannot survive after careful care, and the cloned human spends a lot of time, energy and financial resources. There are also issues of quantum biology and quantum life science. As a complex molecular machine, life needs various molecules to work together. Humans' understanding of the quantum world is still too narrow.

Another cloned sheep may still be acceptable, but cloned monkeys are already uncomfortable for some people, and many people will frown physiologically when they are cloned. Why? Because it involves ethical issues, one is that human clones are often born for a certain purpose, which is equivalent to a manufactured tool, whether it is a tool from an experiment or a tool from manual labor, they will all be is a tool, human rights will be bestowed by human beings.

The second is that since it was created due to certain requirements, if there are some problems in the creation process, causing the clone to have "defects", such as appearance or personality that does not meet the emotional needs of some people, these clones should Where to go, discard? destroy? These behaviors are no different from the discarding behaviors that are taking place in humans. They are prohibited by law, but can clones born as tool people be protected?

In addition, there are the issues of clone identity, the impact of life values, discrimination, genetic diversity, and unreasonable competition. In short, the existence of clones is absolutely unpopular at this stage, because life is your own life, There is really no one who can live for you, and someone who can live for you, how can you be willing to live just like you? Therefore, there will be all kinds of cloned animals, but even if the technology is mature, cloned humans cannot be seen at this stage.