Top 10 innovations that changed the world.

According to National Geographic, Carla Hayden, the legislative librarian of the United States of America, has prepared a list of technologies that have changed the globe.

1.Printing press

Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press in 1440 under the Holy Roman Empire. Europe's economy and culture grew at an exponential rate at the end of medieval civilization. Oil-based ink was another invention of Gutenberg's. The new solution was far more long-lasting than the old ones.

Printing aided in the rapid dissemination of information; from a single printing house in Mainz, Germany, printing houses popped up in over 270 locations across Europe.

2.Bulb

Beginning in 1878, Thomas Edison focused his efforts on developing a large-scale electrical lighting system – essentially, what we now know as the light bulb.

At the turn of the nineteenth century, the first bulbs appeared, and some of the world's most influential scientists devised a variety, but each had severe flaws: either the "life" time was too short, or their production needed exorbitant costs, or they consumed too much electricity.

The complete history of the light bulb can be found here.

3.Plane

Traian Vuia (b.17/29 August 1872), inventor, producer of airplanes and engines, and honorary member of the Romanian Academy, died on September 3rd, 1950. He performed the first self-propelled flight using an equipment heavier than air in 1906 (without the need of catapults or other external means).

Traian Vuia's first aviation success, as well as the first flight in the history of mankind with a heavier-than-air craft that lifted from the ground on its own, occurred on March 18, 1906. The priority of such a flight is incorrectly credited to the Frenchman Santos-Dumont, who only accomplished this feat on September 13, 1906.Learn everything there is to know about Romanian aviation.

4.Laptop computer

The computer was originally designed to perform large-scale mathematical calculations. In 1946, the first personal computer was turned on. The LGP-30, designed in 1956 and marketed for $47,000 (equal to $414,000 now), was the first computer used by a single person.

5.Vaccine

Many people have heard of Pasteur, and perhaps enough of them are aware that he developed the rabies vaccine. Some may also be familiar with Edward Jenner, who contributed to the eradication of smallpox, the only human illness that has ever been eradicated, through his work. How many people are familiar with Maurice Hilleman? Despite this, he has made a significant contribution to the advancement of vaccinology as a branch of medical research.He has produced or improved more than 25 vaccinations, including more than half of the 14 vaccines widely recommended in Western countries' child vaccination programs, and humanity owes him the lives of many millions of people. Despite this, it was almost unknown.

6.Car

The steam engine, invented by Ferdinand Verbiest in 1672, was the predecessor of contemporary automobiles. In certain ways, Karl Benz can be credited with inventing the vehicle in 1886. He was also the driving force behind Germany's first serial vehicle production.

7.Clock

The earliest timepieces were made in Europe around the 15th century, and wristwatches became fashionable in 1920, albeit they were initially only worn by women. Men began to wear pocket watches only after that, with the military being the first to use wristwatches.

8.Phone

We use our phones to communicate, send messages, take photos, and browse the internet. None of contemporary man's conventions would have been feasible without the creativity of a Scottish inventor.

Alexander Graham Bell was the first to patent a gadget that could both transmit and receive spoken speech. Sound waves hit a flexible diaphragm with a magnet attached in Bell's transmitter.

9.Chilling

People utilized cellars to store ice or snow throughout the winter before refrigerators were created. William Cullen invented artificial refrigeration in the seventeenth century. However, the first machines of this type were created in the nineteenth century by American and British scientists.

10.Photographic equipment

The darkroom predates the advent of the photography camera and has been used since antiquity.

Louis Daguerre took the first image in 1839. Inventors have been attempting to create color images since the first photographs were taken. The physicist James Clerk Maxwell took the first photos of this type in 1861.