How do you view Japan's legal form to encourage women to become housewives, for example, the husband's salary will increase if his wife is a housewife, but will increase taxes?

So far, many tax policies in Japan have indeed indirectly made women tend to be housewives, intentionally or unintentionally.

The reason why I say "indirect" is that there is really no such law or any policy in Japan that explicitly directly advocates or encourages women to become housewives. But the social structure of the past few decades. And in such a social structure, intentional or unintentional policies have resulted in a result: when one of the couples has a very low income, they are subject to various safeguards, and even when both of them are working at the same time, there are many more. unfavorable factors. Below I give a few examples.

1. When one party is not working, the other party can enjoy the tax concession "Spouse Elimination"

Simply put, it means that if your wife (or husband) doesn't work, you can pay less tax.

This should be the policy most related to the topic. Its general content is that if one of the couples has an annual net income of no more than 1.03 million yen (about 64,000 yuan, but it should be noted that this annual income is extremely low and very low in Japan). When it is difficult to support oneself), the other party can receive certain preferential tax policies, that is, part of the income may not be taxed.

2. The monthly medical insurance premium and pension can be waived when one party has a lower income

That is to say, when the other half is working normally, if you reduce your income to less than 1.3 million yen, you can save at least 1,500 yuan per month and enjoy the exact same insurance services.

In Japan, as long as you are over a certain age and have lived for more than three months, it is mandatory to enroll in medical insurance and pensions, even if you are a student or an international student. But if you are married and have an annual net income of less than 1.3 million yen, there is a high possibility that you will be linked to the other half's medical insurance and pension for free, and enjoy the same treatment without paying a penny.

How much money can this policy save each month? We can roughly estimate through props online, a company member with an annual income of 3.56 million yen, his monthly payment of medical insurance is almost 36,000 yen, pension It costs 32,000 yen. That's right! Almost 20% of the income has been deducted like this, so the newcomers who have just joined the company always have their salary reduced by 30% and feel distressed for a period of time.

And if the income happens to be just over 1.3 million yen, the total monthly medical insurance and pension that needs to be paid is 25,000 yen (about 1,500 yuan). We can also draw our conclusion just now]

3. High-income couples have to pay more tuition fees for children attending the same kindergarten

By the way, this is one of the most bizarre regulations of all Japanese policies that I can't understand the most. To put it simply, even if you go to the exact same kindergarten, in the same class, with the same teachers and services, and maybe other people's children are completely free, you have to pay 3,000 or 4,000 to 4,000 yuan per month. The reason is that your total family income is relatively high.

For high-income groups, high taxation is already a way to contribute to the society, but to pay more for a social service is too naked. I don't know if those families who pay more will feel uncomfortable.

The above is actually my re-verification of the authenticity of the original title. There are many similar policies, but only the three most well-known and influential ones are listed. Regardless of the original purpose of these policies, whether or not they treat men and women equally, they do indeed hinder women's social development.

For example, many family wives will go out to work to support the family, but because of these policies, almost all of them will control their income to less than 1.03 million or 1.3 million, otherwise they will have to pay more taxes or insurance, and it is better to go out to work full-time. cost-effective. In this way, whether from the perspective of the company or the perspective of personal career development, they cannot be expected to be active in society.

The reason why it is so certain is that the Japanese government has long noticed this problem and has begun to abolish such policies as little as possible without affecting people's livelihoods. "For example, the first point we mentioned earlier, "Spouse Exemption", is basically determined to be gradually abolished, which means that after a few years, whether the other half of the worker does not work, the working party will pay the same tax. Instead of [ If the spouse is exempted from it, it should be the “excluded from the spouse”, that is to say, whether or not you are married will have an impact on taxes, and it doesn’t matter who works or who doesn’t.

The public's reaction to this policy is also very interesting. Here's a survey result: 80 percent of women approve of the policy, compared to 43 percent of men. At the same time, less than 40% believe that policies can increase the number of working women.

What can we see from this survey? Japan is indeed a patriarchal society? Women's status is low? Women's rights situation is worrying? Neither.

In fact, whether it is male opposition, or people think that the number of working women will not increase, there are valid reasons.

One of the most representative views is that not all women can find a job or have the ability to work immediately. Such a one-size-fits-all cancellation of preferential policies actually negates the way of life for those who choose one side to work and one side to take care of the family. There should be better ways to be more flexible or from other aspects of employment, social security, etc. to solve this problem.

Simply put, you can't make professional housewives just to get everyone to work. For example, if some people have elderly people and children to take care of, even if they are short of money, they have no conditions to go to work. They became victims of this reform.

And the number of working women will not increase because of other problems in society, such as what to do with children. Therefore, some people will also suggest that the third point above also needs to be improved, and more childcare protection is needed. In fact, the issue of child rearing after women go to work has almost reached a consensus, because in the past few decades, Japan has not needed so many institutions to bring children, and the support cannot keep up with it. It is impossible to solve this problem. In fact, the government may introduce policies that reward couples who use methods other than nursery schools to bring their children (the move-back solution for insufficient nursery schools is not a smart solution, but well, better than nothing)

Today's Japanese society is not the same as the 100 million middle-class in the past. Professional housewives show a trend of polarization: those with rich families who do not need to work at all, and those with relatively poor families who have children and do not have the time and energy to look for formal jobs. People have increased. Under the current working methods of Japanese companies, it is difficult for many women to even want to work.

To sum up, the facts stated by the subject do exist. The Japanese government is aware of this problem and wants to improve it. Each set of policies has the background of the times at the time. After the issues they faced changed, the original system was no longer applicable, but there were too many places to change. In addition, Japan has always been conservative, making decisions and doing things timidly. Slow, you have to do it little by little, you can only improve slowly. This is pretty much the status quo.

Just recently brushed the "Tokyo Women's Guide." ” and “Problem Restaurant”, by the way, I will express my personal thoughts: because many people have more exposure to Japanese culture through film and television dramas and articles than direct contact with Japanese society, they often regard exaggerated or concentrated performance in film and television dramas as 100%. The reality is, in fact, somewhat one-sided.

In fact, the issue of gender equality in Japan is not just a simple and crude ideological issue such as [masculinity] [discrimination against women] [low status of women]. Although it can be said that people with old ideas still exist in large numbers, the consciousness and trend of society as a whole In fact, it is constantly making progress, and even some issues have reached the level where the media is actively aware of it, and the public is discussing the implementation of policies. For example, the satire of film and television dramas is a best performance, and the density and frequency of discussions about the problems faced by women are so high. The problem is a kind of progress, we should learn.

No social issue will be so single and static. of. Every time I see many people swiping simple cognitive labels like "Japanese macho women have low status" and "Japanese people are indifferent" over and over again, I feel that it is a pity to be so arbitrary and static. Just as many foreigners who are not familiar with China think that Chinese girls are discriminated against and cannot get a good education, it is too one-size-fits-all. The problems faced by different groups in different regions are actually diverse. The answer to a lot of things is not completely clear from black and white, it can be said that it is either good or bad, and there is no need to entangle with the simple conclusion [do you think it is A or B] and use it to deprive others.

If you can look at a thing objectively from different angles and collect different information, the world will be much more interesting and you can learn more