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What is a Bear Market?

With the economy constantly fluctuating it is important to understand concepts such as "Bear Markets."

By Matthew LittlemorePublished 2 years ago 3 min read
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https://matthewlittlemore.net/what-is-a-bear-market/

The term bear market refers to a prolonged decline in the prices of securities. It usually occurs when a market experiences a significant drop in value due to widespread pessimism.

Although bear markets are usually associated with significant declines in the S&P 500 or other major market indices, they can also be triggered by substantial drops in the prices of commodities and securities. These types of markets are referred to as bear markets because they have experienced a decline of 20% or more in value over a while. Bear markets are sometimes accompanied by economic slumps, such as a recession.

How it Works

The prices of stocks are usually based on the expectations of future cash flows from companies. The stock market can decline if the companies’ growth prospects are not good. This can be caused by fear, herd behavior, and a rush to protect losses.

A bear market is defined as when the average price of stocks has fallen at least 20% from their high. However, this is not an arbitrary number and can be triggered by various factors. Another type of bear market is when investors become more risk-averse. This type of market can last for a long time as they tend to avoid taking on too much risk.

Although different factors can cause a bear market, the main factors that trigger it are a weak or slowing economy, geopolitical crises, technological changes, and market bubbles. Aside from these, other factors such as the government’s intervention can also trigger a bear market. A sluggish or weak economy includes low income, low productivity, and low employment.

Bear Market Phases

High prices and strong investor sentiment usually characterize the first phase of a bear market. During the second phase, investors start to exit the market and take profits.

The second phase of a bear market is when the prices of stocks start to fall dramatically. This period is referred to as capitulation. During this phase, investors become more fearful as economic indicators and corporate profits begin to fall.

The third phase shows speculators start entering the market, raising some prices and trading volume.

The fourth and last phase of the bear market is when the prices of stocks continue to decline. However, as the low prices and good news attract investors, the market turns into a bull market.

About Matthew Littlemore

Matthew Littlemore is an experienced global financier located in Orlando, Florida. Originally from the United Kingdom Matthew has gained multiple experiences for areas all over the globe. A strong leader in his field, he has 15+ years of experience in finance and business intelligence, that have all contributed to the numerous successes of his professional career. Over the course of his extensive career, Matthew has driven substantial business turnarounds, worked through acquisitions, has had successful ERP upgrades and managed international expansion. Additionally, Matthew holds experience in transfer pricing and tax strategy; his extensive financial experience and analytical approach to work has naturally set him apart from his peers. A global professional, Matthew has proudly worked in Europe, Asia and North America. Successfully getting to experience new areas through extensive business travel.

Aside from his successful professional career, Matthew Littlemore is a family oriented man who is happily married with four children. In his free time, he enjoys open water swimming and traveling with his family. Matthew’s global experience has provided him with a love for travel and experiencing different areas of the world.

To continue to keep up with Matthew Littlemore’s experience and professional insights into business, leadership, and finance, follow his professional and finance blog. Here, you can read up on useful business and leadership tips, as well as view different financial insights and advice. For more, follow Matthew on social media to see regular updates and information about finance, business, and leadership.

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About the Creator

Matthew Littlemore

Mr. Matthew Littlemore is a financier based in Orlando, Florida. With 15+ years of experience in his field, Matt has built his career on expertise in finance and business intelligence.

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