How morning workouts are different from evening exercises

To better understand why exercise timing has different effects, an international team of scientists has conducted the most comprehensive study of exercise to date at different times of the day.

KEY HIGHLIGHTS

The results were recently published in the journal Cell Metabolism.

Her study shows how the body produces a variety of health-promoting signal molecules in an organ-specific manner, depending on the time of day, after physical exercise.

These signals have a wide range of health effects by affecting sleep, memory, motor performance, and metabolic homeostasis.

Copenhagen:

To better understand why exercise timing has different effects, an international team of scientists has conducted the most comprehensive study of exercise to date at different times of the day.

Results were recently published in the journal Cell Metabolism.

Her study shows how the body produces a variety of health-promoting signal molecules in an organ-specific manner, depending on the time of day, after physical exercise. These signals have a wide range of health effects by affecting sleep, memory, motor performance, and metabolic homeostasis.

"A better understanding of how exercise affects the body at different times of the day maximizes the benefits of exercise for people at risk of illnesses such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Helps, "said Professor Juline R. From Zierath of the Karolinska Institute and Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research (CBMR) of the University of Copenhagen.

Almost all cells regulate biological processes over a 24-hour period, also known as circadian rhythms. This means that the sensitivity of different tissues to the effects of exercise varies from time to time. Previous studies have confirmed that timing exercises that follow a circadian rhythm can optimize the health-promoting effects of exercise.

Wanting to better understand this effect, a team of international scientists conducted a series of experiments with mice trained early in the morning or late at night. Blood samples and various tissues such as brain, heart, muscle, liver, and fat were collected and analyzed by mass spectrometry.

This allowed the scientists to hit upon masses of various metabolites and hormone signaling molecules in every tissue, and to reveal how they have been modified with the aid of using workout at specific instances of the day.

The end result is an `Atlas of Exercise Metabolism' - a complete map of workout-precipitated signaling molecules found in specific tissues following workout at specific instances of the day.

"As that is the primary complete look at that summarizes time and physical games structured metabolism over more than one tissues, it's miles of extremely good fee to generate and refine systemic fashions for metabolism and organ crosstalk," delivered Dominik Lutter, Head of Computational Discovery Research on the Helmholtz Diabetes Center in Munich, Germany.

New insights encompass a deeper expertise of ways tissues speak with each other, and the way workout can assist to 'realign' defective circadian rhythms in precise tissues - defective circadian clocks were connected to accelerated dangers of weight problems and sort 2 diabetes. Finally, the look at recognized new workout-precipitated signaling molecules in more than one tissues, which want in addition research to recognize how they are able to in my opinion or together have an effect on health.

"Not handiest can we display how specific tissues reply to workout at specific instances of the day, we additionally advocate how those responses are linked to set off an orchestrated model that controls systemic electricity homeostasis," stated Associate Professor Jonas Thue Treebak from CBMR on the University of Copenhagen, and co-first writer of the publication.

The look has numerous limitations. The experiments have been done in mice. While mice proportion many not unusual genetic, physiological and behavioral traits with humans, in addition they have critical differences. For example, mice are nocturnal, and the sort of workout became additionally restricted to treadmill running, which could produce specific effects in comparison to high-depth workout. Finally, the effect of sex, age and sickness have been now no longer taken into consideration with inside the analysis.

"Despite the limitations, it is an critical look at that enables to direct in addition studies which can assist us higher recognize how workout, if timed correctly, can assist to enhance health," stated Assistant Professor Shogo Sato from the Department of Biology and the Center for Biological Clocks Research at Texas A&M University, and fellow co-first writer.

Co-lead author Kenneth Dyer, director of metabolic physiology at the Helmholtz Diabetes Center, emphasized the usefulness of Atlas as a comprehensive resource for exercise biologists.

"Our resources provide an important new perspective on energy metabolites and known signaling molecules, but this is just the tip of the iceberg. Identify new tissues and time-specific signaling molecules. Here are some examples of how to mine data for you, "he concludes.