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Git Top Interview Questions By Top Companies (Part 7)

Essential Git Interview Questions (Part7) 2023

By ManisekaranPublished about a year ago 4 min read
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Git Top Interview Questions By Top Companies (Part 7)
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How do you use Git bisect to find a specific commit?

Git bisect is a command that allows you to find a specific commit that introduced a bug or a change in your codebase by using a binary search algorithm. Here's a general process for how to use Git bisect to find a specific commit:

Start the bisect process: Use the command "git bisect start" to start the bisect process. This command will save the current state of your working directory and put you in a new "bisect" state.

Mark a bad commit: Use the command "git bisect bad" to mark the current commit as the "bad" commit. This is the commit that you know contains the bug or the change that you're trying to find.

Mark a good commit: Use the command "git bisect good [commit hash]" to mark a commit that you know does not contain the bug or the change as the "good" commit. This commit should be a commit that was made before the bad commit.

Git will now automatically check out a commit that is between the good and bad commits and then it's up to you to determine if this commit is "good" or "bad" depending on if the bug or change is present or not.

Repeat step 4 until git finds the commit that introduced the change.

Once git finds the commit, you can use the command "git bisect reset" to return to the original state of your working directory and stop the bisect process.

How do you use Git blame to track changes in a file?

Git blame is a command that allows you to see who last modified each line of a file and when. This is useful for tracking changes, identifying who introduced a bug, or understanding how a specific part of the code works. Here's a general process for how to use Git blame to track changes in a file:

Run the command: Use the command "git blame [file name]" to see the blame information for a specific file. This will show the last person to modify each line of the file, and the commit hash, date, and time of the modification.

git blame [file name]

By default, the output will show the line number, the SHA-1 hash of the commit, the author of the commit, the timestamp of the commit and the line of code.

You can also use the -L option to show only the lines that match a certain pattern or range. For example, to show only lines 10-20, you can use the command:

git blame -L 10,20 [file name]

You can also use the -C option to show the code context when the line was last changed. This will show the line of code and the surrounding lines to give more context to the change.

git blame -C [file name]

You can also use the -M option to show the code context for moved or copied lines of code.

git blame -M [file name]

Using Git blame can help you to understand the history of a file, track changes, and identify who made changes to specific parts of the code. It's an useful tool for debugging, code review and maintenance.

How do you use Git submodules to manage dependencies?

Git submodules are a way to include one Git repository within another. It allows you to keep a reference to a specific commit of another repository inside your repository and track the external repository separately. This is useful when you want to use another repository as a dependency and keep a specific version of it. Here's a general process for how to use Git submodules to manage dependencies:

Add a submodule: Use the command

"git submodule add [repository URL] [path]" to add a submodule to your repository. The repository URL is the URL of the external repository that you want to use as a dependency, and the path is the directory where the submodule will be located in your repository.

git submodule add [repository URL] [path]

Initialize and update the submodule: After you've added a submodule, you need to initialize and update it to fetch the contents of the external repository. Use the command "git submodule init" to initialize the submodule, and "git submodule update" to fetch the contents of the external repository.

git submodule init

git submodule update

Commit the submodule: When you add or update a submodule, you need to commit the changes to your repository. Use the command "git commit" to commit the changes.

git commit -m "added submodule [submodule name]"

Keep the submodule updated: The submodule will remain at the specific commit it was added, to update it to the latest version use the command "git submodule update --remote"

git submodule update --remote

Remove a submodule: To remove a submodule from your repository, use the command "git submodule deinit [path]" to remove the submodule configuration, "git rm [path]" to remove the submodule files, and commit the changes.

git submodule deinit [path]

git rm [path]

git commit -m "removed submodule [submodule name]"

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