Gauri Dynasty

Muhammad Gauri was of Shansbani dynasty. The full name of Muhammad Gauri was Shihabuddin Muhammad Gauri. Gyasuddin Muhammad Gauri was his elder brother. In 1163 AD, Gyasuddin Muhammad Gauri made Gaur the capital and established an independent state.

In 1173 AD, Gyasuddin handed over the area of ​​Gaur to his younger brother Muhammad Gauri and himself started the struggle against Khwarism by taking possession of Ghazni.

Muhammad Gauri moved towards India. Muhammed Gauri was an Afghan general. He was also a great winner and military operator.

The invasion of Muhammad Gauri

The purpose of the invasion of Muhammad Gauri was different from Mahmud Ghaznavi’s invasions.

He was also interested in the expansion of the Islamic Empire along with looting in India. That is why Muhammad Gauri is considered the founder of the Turki Empire in India.

Gauri first invaded on Multan in 1175 AD. At this time, Karamati, the followers of the Shiites was ruling. These Karamati were Buddhists before becoming Muslims. Gauri won the Multan.

Gauri did the second invasion on Gujarat in 1178 AD, but Moolraj II defeated him in the foothills of Abu Mountains. This was the first defeat of Muhammad Gauri in India. This war was conducted by the Nayika Devi, the wife of Moolraj.

Taking lessons from this war, Gauri first took over the whole of Punjab and started efforts to take over India.

Between 1179-86 AD, he had won the Punjab.

In 1179, he took over Sialkot.

Till 1186 AD, Gauri had won Lahore, Sialkot, and Bhatinda (Tabarhind). The authority of Prithviraj Chauhan III was on Tabarhind. Tabarhind was the border area of Prithviraj Chauhan. Gauri had taken over this, due to which the war between Gauri and Chauhan was inevitable.

First Battle of Tarain

Prithviraj III defeated Gauri in the First Battle of Tarain in 1191 AD but could not end his power.

Second Battle of Tarain

In 1192 AD, Gauri defeated Prithviraj III and won the territories of Ajmer and Delhi; with this, the Chauhan Empire was destroyed. In the second battle of Tarain, Govindraj the feud of Prithviraj and the Toumar ruler of Delhi has died.

According to Chandrabardi, after the defeat in the war, Prithviraj III was captive and taken to Ghazni. Muhammad Ghauri was killed, by leaving the word arrows.

According to Hasam Nizami, Prithviraj accepted the subjection after being defeated in the war, and Gauri took him under and ruled Ajmer by him. Later,Prithviraj tried to revolt against Gauri, in which Prithviraj was killed . Most scholars accept it only, which is confirmed by coins received from Ajmer, in which the shape of a horse and Muhammad-bin-Saam is written on one side and on the other side the shape of the bull is made and Prithviraj is written.

After 1192 AD, Gauri declared his slave Aibak as the administrator of the Indian territories.

In 1194 AD, Gauri took control of Kannauj by defeating Jaichand the ruler of Kannauj in the battle of Chandavar (U. P. Itanagar) with the help of Aibak.

After 1194 AD, Gauri’s two commanders Qutubuddin Aibak and Bakhtiyar Khilji started conquering Indian territories.

Bakhtiyar Khilji won the western region of Bihar and Bengal from Sen Ruler Lakshmansen, and during this time he destroyed Nalanda (Bihar) University, Vikramshila (Bengal), and Odantipur (Bengal) University.

Bakhtiyar Khilji was defeated by the Magh ruler of Assam, and in 1205 AD, Alimrdan, the military officer of Bakhtiyar Khilji, killed Muhammad Gauri.

Qutubuddin Aibak invaded Bhima II, the ruler of Anhillvada in 1195 AD but Aibak was defeated.

Aibak attacked Anhillvada again in 1197 and looted it, Bhima II did not accept submission but his economic condition became worsened with frequent wars. Therefore, after the death of Bhima, the Baghel dynasty was established in Gujarat in place of the Solanki dynasty.

In 1203 AD, Aibak won the Kalinjar from Chandel ruler Paramardidev.

Death of Muhammad Gauri

In the year 1206, for the last time Muhammad Gauri invaded India for suppressing the rebellion of the Khokhar tribe of Punjab and during this campaign, Gauri was assassinated near Damyak (West Pakistan). This time Gauri was praying Namaj on the bank of Sind River.

Gauri had appointed his slaves as his successor before his death.

Gauri used to play some coins in Lakshmi’s shape.

After Gauri’s death, his kingdom was divided into three of his main slaves.

Qutubuddin Aibak – Indian Area. Aibak made Delhi the center of the Islamic Empire.

Tajuddin Yaldoz – Ghazni area

Nasiruddin Kubacha – Uchchh and Sindh (Pakistan).