Eternal Pyramids: Architectural Wonders and Historical Mysteries

They say, "Time conquers all things. Only the pyramids conquer time." This sentence deeply reveals the eternal charm of the pyramids. When it comes to the seven wonders of the ancient world, Khufu's Pyramid is the only one of these magnificent structures to survive today, standing alone on the desert plateau of Giza. However, it is not alone, as it is accompanied by Memphis and its cemetery pyramid complex, which includes the three pyramids of Khufu, Kafra and Menkara, as well as the loyal "tomb beast" next to Kafra's pyramid, the Sphinx. Khufu, Kafra and Menkara, three prominent pharaohs of Egypt's Fourth dynasty, were the guardians of the land. Khufu's Pyramid, also known as the Great Pyramid of Giza, was built around 2580 BC, and its magnificence is breathtaking. Kafra Pyramid is the second largest pyramid after Khufu Pyramid, and the Sphinx beside it has become one of the symbols of Egypt. Menkala Pyramid, also known as Menkala Pyramid, although smaller and built the latest, but still exudes a unique charm. However, the history of pyramids did not begin with the square cone we are familiar with. In fact, the tombs of the ancient pharaohs were originally a square platform stone structure known as the Mastaba. Over time, the pharaohs, in pursuit of higher authority and glory, began to pile on top of single-storey platforms, eventually forming pyramid-shaped tombs that reach into the sky. In ancient Egyptian, this tomb was called "maier", meaning the place where the king ascended to heaven with the sun god. The stones used in the construction of the pyramid also have their own characteristics. Limestone as the shell material, has a good polishing and grinding effect; Sandstone is used as internal filling material, relatively durable; The hardest granite was mainly used for tunnels and burial chambers. It is worth noting that all pyramids were once covered with a fine layer of lime earth when they were built, but over the years this layer of lime gradually weathered away, revealing the yellow sandstone appearance we see today. Only the upper spire of Kafra's pyramid retains some traces of lime. The magic of the pyramid lies not only in its solid and majestic architectural form that will not be destroyed for thousands of years, but also in its precise Angle, beautiful lines and the profound philosophy behind it. These pyramids are not only the crystallization of ancient Egyptian wisdom, but also the treasure of human civilization. They have witnessed the flow of time and the changes of history, and have become a symbol of eternity. The construction of the pyramid is undoubtedly a miracle in the history of mankind. Each pyramid carries the ancient Egyptians' endless pursuit of death and immortality. They stand tall, after thousands of years of wind and frost, still standing, witness the glory of ancient Egyptian civilization. During the construction of the pyramid, the calculation of earth and rock pressure is very important. This calculation requires extreme precision and expertise to ensure the stability and safety of the pyramid. The structural design of the pyramid is full of wisdom and creativity. The four bevels face the square, and the corners present a perfect 90 degrees, which is not only beautiful, but also can effectively disperse and withstand pressure. The building material of the pyramid is mainly huge stones, each about 1.5 cubic meters. These boulders are so cleverly stacked together that you can't even get a knife into them. This kind of craftsmanship is amazing and makes us deeply admire the wisdom and talent of the ancient Egyptians. The interior of the pyramid is equally fascinating. Take the Pyramid of Khufu as an example, its internal structure is complex and mysterious, and it seems to hide many unknown secrets. From the three plans for excavating the burial chamber, we can imagine the hard work and the spirit of continuous trying of the craftsmen at that time. The mysterious symbols and patterns inside the pyramid have aroused the curiosity and speculation of countless people. In addition to the pyramid of Khufu, there are Kafra Pyramid and Mengkara Pyramid. These pyramids are different in size, but each one is full of ancient Egyptian wisdom and effort. They are not only the symbol of ancient Egyptian civilization, but also the precious heritage of human history. Overall, the construction of the pyramids was a process of wisdom, creativity and hard work. They are not only the masterpieces of the ancient Egyptians, but also the wonders of human history. Each pyramid deserves our in-depth study and exploration to better understand the mysteries of ancient Egyptian civilization and human history. Although building the pyramid was a massive and time-consuming project, people chose to find the stone from other places rather than continue to destroy the north side of the pyramid. As a result, this great building project has suffered setbacks in its initial stages. Next to the Kafra Pyramid stands a Sphinx that has guarded its tomb for thousands of years. Because its appearance is very similar to the Sphinx, it is also called the Great Sphinx. There is even speculation that the statue's human face may have been modeled after Pharaoh Khufu. The name Sphinx holds a fascinating story in ancient Greek mythology. Hera sent the Sphinx to defend the cliffs near Thebes. The Sphinx received a puzzle from the Muse, and she asked all passers-by to solve the puzzle, and only those who answered correctly could pass safely. If the answer is wrong, then she will be brutally swallowed. What animal walks on four legs in the morning, two legs at noon, and three legs at night? He walks slowest and is weakest when he has the most legs." Oedipus, the brave warrior, heard of this and rushed to challenge the Sphinx. Without hesitation, he gave the correct answer - "people." Faced with this answer, the Sphinx was ashamed and finally chose to kill himself by jumping off a cliff. Oedipus became king of Thebes. The Sphinx, the statue carrying the legend of the Sphinx, is as much a witness to history as the pyramids in the ancient city of Memphis, Egypt. However, despite its thousand-year-old architecture, the old city of Memphis has not always flourished. During the Eleventh Dynasty of ancient Egypt, Pharaoh Mantuhotep II moved the capital of his kingdom to Thebes because of its convenient transportation. Since then, Memphis, along with the pharaoh's tomb, has gradually faded from the stage of ruling Egypt in the desert.