The World Is Reeling From Record Heat and Flooding. Scientists Say Its the Cost of Climate Inaction

A strengthening El Niño is pushing temperatures in countries around the world to record highs this month, exacerbating unprecedented heat waves and triggering deadly storms in ways that scientists say wouldn’t be possible without the influence of climate change.

A second weekend of torrential rain in the Northeast triggered flash floods in eastern Pennsylvania that killed five people on Saturday, according to officials, including a mother whose two young children remain missing as of Tuesday morning. California’s Death Valley reached an alarming 128 degrees Fahrenheit on Sunday, just a couple degrees shy of some of the rarest temperatures ever recorded on Earth. And on Monday, a prolonged heat wave broke several records in Phoenix, including tying the city’s record for 18 consecutive days where temperatures reached 110 degrees or above.

The extreme weather and loss of life extended beyond the United States.

In South Korea, several days of heavy rainfall triggered landslides and flash floods that killed at least 40 people as of Monday, including a dozen people trapped in their vehicles when flood waters submerged an underpass. And a fierce and prolonged heat wave blanketing much of southern Europe prompted officials to issue severe heat advisories in 16 cities across Italy, where forecasters warned that temperatures could reach upwards of 120 degrees Fahrenheit this week—setting what would be an all-time record high for any European country.

Meanwhile, the heat continues to exacerbate raging wildfires in the U.S., Canada, Spain, Greece and Switzerland. In fact, preliminary data suggests that the first week of July could be the hottest in recorded history, the World Meteorological Organization reported, following the hottest June on record.

The unprecedented sea surface temperatures and record-low levels of Antarctic sea ice now being documented are even surprising some climate scientists who expected an especially hot summer because of the strong El Niño forecast, but didn’t anticipate the extreme weather to be quite this extreme. Just last week, some shallow waters along the beaches of the Florida Keys reached nearly 96 degrees.

“Even I am shocked at how off the charts the sea surface temperature is for the ocean, when you average it all up,” Brenda Ekwurzel, the director of climate science for the Union of Concerned Scientists, said in an interview. “You’re seeing temperatures that are not that far off from a hot tub.”

While it’s difficult to attribute the influence of climate change on a single storm or heat wave, scientists say that it’s clear that rising temperatures are generally making such events more severe and long-lived. Warmer air can hold more moisture, Ekwurzel said, and many of the deadly floods seen in recent weeks were likely as extreme as they were because the storm cells could absorb far more water from the ocean before dumping it over land.

In many ways, Ekwurzel said, the spree of destructive and deadly extreme weather in recent weeks has showcased how the climate crisis is no longer some abstract idea only affecting polar bears but is now touching the lives of everyday people in all corners of the world.

The societal ramifications of climate change have become particularly clear in recent summers.

New home owners are struggling to find insurance in states like California, Louisiana and Florida, for example, after companies recently stopped offering new insurance policies in those states due to the rising costs of wildfire and hurricane damage. The dire wildfire situation in the West is also exacerbating a national firefighter shortage, with thousands of federal wildland firefighters threatening to quit if Congress doesn’t increase their pay. And hundreds of thousands of unionized delivery drivers for UPS, as well as dozens more with Amazon, are threatening to strike if the companies don’t do more to protect their employees from dangerous heat.

While some of the outcomes in recent weeks have been surprising, climate scientists aren’t surprised by why they’re happening. Many researchers and environmental activists have urged their governments for years to more rapidly transition away from fossil fuels and toward clean energy, only to see fossil fuel use soar to record levels year after year.

On Sunday, as the U.S. special climate envoy John Kerry arrived in China hoping to revive cooperation between the two countries on addressing climate change, a remote township in China’s western Xinjiang region set a new national record by reaching 126 degrees Fahrenheit. China and the U.S.—the two nations with the highest carbon footprint by far—have only expanded their fossil fuel production in recent years despite pledging under the Paris Agreement to drastically reduce their emissions by the end of the decade.

To Ekwurzel, the moment seemed only fitting to take place during a historic heat wave. “This is a wake-up call,” she said. “Adapting to this massive problem is the cost of that inaction. The receipts for that are coming in now.”

Big Oil Quietly Walks Back Climate Pledges as Global Heat Breaks Records: As nations around the world gets slammed by record-breaking heat and deadly floods this month, some of the biggest oil companies are quietly walking back their pledges to decrease fossil fuel production and cut their emissions, Dharna Noor reports for the Guardian. BP said it may only reduce its emissions by 20 percent by 2030 rather than the initial target of 35 percent, Exxon pulled funding from a highly-publicized effort to develop low-carbon fuel and Shell said it wouldn’t increase investments in renewables this year.

Google Honors Eunice Foote, the ‘Grandmother of Climate Science’: Eunice Foote, the first woman to be published in a physics journal, is one of many women whose contributions to science were ignored. In 1856, her groundbreaking paper laid the foundation for climate science, but credit for her observation on carbon dioxide was given three years later to one John Tyndall. On Monday, though, Google honored Foote’s legacy on the website’s homepage doodle and dedicated $5 million in her name to an effort to track melting permafrost in the Arctic, Chase DiBenedetto reports for Mashable.

Are Solar Farms Out at Sea Clean Energy’s Next Breakthrough? Two companies, including China’s biggest solar developer, are building the largest floating solar farm to date, with potential broad ramifications for the industry, Bloomberg reports. Because one major drawback to solar power is that it takes up a lot of land, developers are increasingly confident that offshore solar can become a significant new segment in renewable energy and could help land-constrained regions accelerate a transition away from fossil fuels.

Today’s Indicator

134°F

Officially, that’s the hottest temperature ever recorded on Earth, observed in July 1913 at California’s Death Valley, which reached 128 degrees Fahrenheit over the weekend. Some scientists, however, dispute the 1913 record, saying it was improperly measured.

Kristoffer Tigue Reporter, New York City

Kristoffer Tigue is a New York City-based reporter for Inside Climate News, where he covers environmental justice issues, writes the Today’s Climate newsletter and manages ICN’s social media. His work has been published in Reuters, Scientific American, Public Radio International and CNBC. Tigue holds a Master’s degree in journalism from the Missouri School of Journalism, where his feature writing won several Missouri Press Association awards.

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There are now four ‘heat domes’ around the world

The heat continues across the southern U.S. from California to Florida. Temperatures in Dallas are forecast to reach 106 degrees Fahrenheit Tuesday and when humidity is thrown in it will feel more like 110 F or more, the National Weather Service said.

“Drink plenty of fluids, stay in an air-conditioned room, stay out of the sun, and check up on relatives and neighbors,’’ the weather service said. The need for air conditioning is driving energy demand up. Phoenix, Arizona has reached 110 F or higher for 18 consecutive days, tying a record set between June 12 – 29, 1974, the National Weather Service said in a tweet. The forecast for the rest of the week calls for highs of 115 to 116 F, which will set a new all-time record.

In Mexico, temperatures are forecast to hit 113 F in Baja California and Sonora, and between 104 and 113 F in Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamauilpas, Campeche and the Yucatán, according to Servicio Meteorológico Nacional.

The heat dome across northern Mexico and the southern U.S. is one of four spread around the world. Another is focused over the North Atlantic. A third in North Africa is causing southern Europe and the Mediterranean to bake. The fourth is in southern Asia.

The land isn’t the only thing that is baking. In the waters off Miami, the Atlantic is currently 88.9 F while the air temperature is 85.3 F, according to the U.S. National Data Buoy Center. So you’d have to get out of the water to cool down.

In other weather news

Europe: The extreme heat blanketing the Mediterranean is set to peak in parts of Italy on Tuesday, triggering fresh warnings as temperatures approach Europe’s all-time high and wildfires hit Greece.

Japan: Temperatures in central Tokyo have soared to nearly 16 degrees F above the seasonal average, as the extreme heat blanketing the world continues to smash historic norms.

India: Heavy to very heavy rainfall is expected to continue in Mumbai and its adjoining areas on Tuesday, according to a bulletin from the India Meteorological Department.

Tropics: Tropical Storm Don, which had lost power Monday, has once again burst back to life with top winds of 40 mph as it travels the Atlantic. In the central Pacific, Tropical Storm Calvin could clip the Big Island of Hawaii, where tropical storm warnings have been posted. Some areas could get as much as 10 inches of rain. Typhoon Talim is over land now in China and losing power. Another potential storm could get going east of the Philippines.

Canadian wildfires: Air quality alerts are still out across most of the Northeast, with the exception of New York City, and parts of the Midwest, South and Great Plains. In New York City air quality is moderate as of 6 a.m., according to AirNow.gov.