COVID-19 and its Vaccination part-1

Global Pandemic

Introduction

This article is all about the formulation of vaccine, its application on body of animals and then on human body, the responses to these vaccines, the methods of administration, the exploration of best subsidiaries for stimulating the immunity in body against vaccine. It suggests the signs for developing of vaccine and takes into consideration the current situation caused by Covid-19. It has also considered some other latent factors involving in vaccine formulation in terms of their potentiality. The right set of circumstances along with challenges which are likely to be faced by scientists while formulating the vaccine, are discussed too

Beside natural disasters and all man out nuclear wars of cataclysmic proportions, infectious diseases are the other major global threat to all the life living on earth. These infectious diseases account for premature death of children in developing countries. However, with the passage of time our modern society becomes so self-improving towards this thread imposed by infectious diseases, mostly because of increased hygiene levels and proper sanitization techniques along with availability of vaccines and antibiotics. The viral outbreak is not solitary in the history of the world but it is one of the representatives of the old viral pandemics from centuries. Microorganisms do not required any type of passport to move across the borders. In the emergence of this century, the contemporary epidemic that may cause by virus includes SARS, Ebola, MERS and H1NI, etc. It raises awareness among the human communities that this epidemic may spread among the countries as a whole. The novel corona virus commonly known as Covid-19 pandemic is the major global crisis that we have fronted after decades and affecting all the social activities around the globe. It is a chief pathogen that directly affects the body system of humans and many other vertebrates. It may infect the respiratory system and nervous system of humans and wild animals and cause a severe damage to hepatic cells by simply invading in tissues cells. In a short span this disease turns into a pandemic.

1.1-The SARS-CoV-2 Virus and the Current COVID-19 global pandemic

In November, 2019 an unidentified case of pneumonia was reported in Wuhan which is the main epicenter of this pandemic. Its physical characteristics were very similar to viral infection. After careful analysis it was declared that it is the novel corona virus. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the causative agent of this pandemic outbreak. World Health Organization suggested an official name to this global pandemic, Covid-19.

It is emerging rapidly and sets an alarming situation in almost all the areas on earth. Almost, as of now, 8,163,688 cases have been reported with the death toll of about 415,694 around the globe. Besides the new vaccines which are undergoing clinical trials, no treatment is in place which may be considered to be said yes to. The rapidly progressing of this viral outbreak can be sectioned into four different stages. First stage is that when the main concern is the number of cases that move from one country to another country. The second stage involves the local transmission of the virus cases from the infected patient around the countries. Thirdly it carries the transmission of pandemic among communities. And the last stage involves the outbreak with no endpoint. At the time of writing there are 103M Covid-19 cases and the rate of deaths exceed up to 2.24M in the worldwide. The estimated cost regarding to this pandemic is expected to be almost in trillions of dollars internationally, but it still an expectation the real cost cannot be estimated. The world faces three major types of virus belongs to this family. These are SARS, MERS, and COVID-19.SARS-CoV. China, America, Italy, England, Russia and India are affected most by this global pandemic.