BLOOD COMPONENTS

​​​BLOOD COMPONENT SUMMARY

​Hello, This is a summary lesson on blood.

Blood has numerous functions not just circulating fluids

1. it's the transport of nutrients, sugars, proteins, lipids, vitamins etc. Gases ( oxygen and co2), wastes (through urine through sweat etc) and hormones.

2. Regulation of pH. pH has to do with acids vs. bases. You know you have a zone in which your pH and your body needs to be maintained there the approximate pH for the human bloodstream is 7.4 ever-so-slightly basic. If that goes down to like below 7 that's enough to kill a person.

3. Restriction of fluid loss during an injury, if you do have a cut you're bleeding you're hemorrhaging some of the characters accept your blood and able you to stop that.

4. Defense against pathogens and toxins, white blood cells are the parts of the blood that are going to be primarily protecting you and killing off those foreign invaders.

5. Regulation of body temperature that's very important as well.

BLOOD COMPONENTS

1. Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cell) is the technical term for red blood cells a RIF throw means red site means cell so approximately 45% of the average person's blood is the red blood cells.

2.Thrombocytes is the technical term for platelets.

3.Leukocytes is the technical term for white blood cells white cells.

4. Plasma yellow fluid which carries different particles such as gases, oxygen, co2, nitrogen gas there's a lot of them you're going to have nutrients all those molecules which nourish your body and hormones that's how hormones get to all the different cells via the fluid of your blood and you also have dissolved blood proteins.

Blood conditions and disorders

Hemorrhaging is the leaking of blood out of blood vessels internal. hemorrhaging can be a very bad thing

Thrombus is a blood clot that shouldn't be there and if it gets dislodged and eventually moves long through the bloodstream

Embolism: an embolus gets caught and becomes an embolism depending on where the embolism happens that can restrict blood flow to the lungs to the heart to the brain and it could result in fatality/anemia.

Anemia basically means that you're not producing enough red blood cells or the red blood cells you are producing aren't getting the job done so the main way people get anemia is they're not taking it enough iron you need iron to produce hemoglobin which is a critical part of red blood cells so if your iron intake is low you're gonna feel fatigued and tired and there's other long-term health effects that can happen because of anemia and and being chronically anemic can shorten your lifespan

Sickle cell disease is also called sickle cell anemia this is an example of where you may be producing the right amount of red blood cells but the red blood cells are producing aren't doing a good job of binding oxygen and they may be getting caught where they shouldn't so sickle cell disease or sickle cell anemia is something you're born with and there is a gene corresponding to the shape of hemoglobin and the amazing thing is that all the amino acids that are put together to make hemoglobin it's a point mutation it's it's one DNA base that's wrong and that impacts where the amino acids and changes the whole structure of hemoglobin

Hemophilia the most common form is sex-linked it's on the x-chromosome and if you've taken biology you might remember that because on the X chromosome it affects more males than women males only have one X chromosome females have two so all it takes is one harmful recessive allele on that one X chromosome and men to give them hemophilia it takes the inheritance of that allele from both parents and women so hemophilia this literally means loving blood and ironically someone whose hemophiliac would not love to see blood the reason why has that name is because when they get a cut blood keeps coming they do not have the ability to properly naturally clot their blood that's a problem there.

Leukemia is a bone marrow cancer and leukemia one of the initial signs of it is actually overproduction of leukocytes because what all cancers have in common is it's mitosis out of control it's it's too much growth within that tissue and that can negatively impact neighboring healthy tissues so cancer of the bone marrow you're going to producing way more white blood cells than you should