Why more than 11 million fluid specimens are housed in the basement of Chicago field museum's

More than 11 million fluid specimens are housed in the basement of the Field Museum in Chicago, ranging from Bonnet head sharks to big Komodo dragons. These specimens are meticulously preserved in jars filled with fluids to maintain their lifelike shape, allowing researchers to study them like books in a library. Each jar represents a unique species, with some even containing DNA samples.

Acquiring these specimens is a careful process. They are obtained through donations or collected by researchers in the field, sometimes involving strategic euthanization of specimens for study. The preservation process begins with collecting DNA samples from fresh specimens. The DNA is carefully extracted using tools like scissors and forceps, and then stored in liquid nitrogen freezers.

Subsequently, the specimens undergo preservation with formalin, a liquid that freezes them in time, similar to embalming. The process involves careful consideration of the specimen's sex and other relevant information. For long-term preservation, alcohol baths are used, as they are less toxic than formalin and maintain the specimen's appearance over time.

In some cases, researchers go beyond preserving the entire specimen and focus on specific components. For instance, some small fish are cleared and stained to reveal their bones and cartilage, providing valuable insights for microscopic examination.

This preservation process has led to fascinating discoveries, including the identification of new species. The collection is meticulously organized with each specimen having a unique identification number, allowing researchers to access them for study.

While some specimens remain untouched on shelves for years, the curiosity of researchers can unlock new knowledge about the natural world. The preservation of these specimens ensures that they continue to contribute to scientific understanding for generations to come.

A fluid specimen refers to a sample of liquid or gas that is collected and analyzed for various purposes, such as medical diagnosis, scientific research, or quality control in industrial processes. These specimens play a crucial role in understanding the composition, characteristics, and properties of the fluid in question.

In the medical field, fluid specimens are commonly collected from patients to aid in the diagnosis of illnesses. For instance, blood samples provide valuable insights into a person's health by revealing information about their blood cell count, glucose levels, and various biomarkers. Other fluid specimens, like urine and cerebrospinal fluid, can help identify infections, metabolic disorders, or neurological conditions. Analyzing these specimens assists healthcare professionals in making accurate diagnoses and tailoring appropriate treatment plans for patients.

In scientific research, fluid specimens are often used to study natural phenomena and conduct experiments. Oceanographers collect water samples from different depths to study marine ecosystems and monitor environmental changes. Geologists analyze fluid inclusions trapped within minerals to understand the conditions under which rocks formed. Additionally, fluid specimens obtained from space missions, such as comet samples, provide insights into the composition of celestial bodies and the origin of the solar system.

Furthermore, fluid specimens have significant applications in industrial settings. Manufacturers use fluid samples to monitor the quality of products and ensure compliance with standards. Oil and gas companies analyze fluid specimens from wells to determine the presence of hydrocarbons and assess the reservoir's potential. By closely examining the chemical and physical properties of these specimens, industries can optimize processes, ensure safety, and enhance overall efficiency.

In conclusion, fluid specimens are invaluable tools in various fields, from medicine and science to industry. The analysis of these samples offers insights into health conditions, natural phenomena, and industrial processes, contributing to advancements in knowledge, technology, and human well-being.