How would earth look like in 1 billion years?

In a billion years, one can envision a world teeming with artificial intelligence, interstellar travel, and space colonies. The eradication of poverty and hunger, along with a society where equality reigns supreme, are all remarkable possibilities that may come to fruition one day. However, let us shift our perspective away from the typical human-centric view of the future and instead focus on the evolution of Earth over the next billion years. The Earth, already 4.2 billion years old, has witnessed numerous significant events throughout its history. Just a mere quarter of a billion years ago, dinosaurs roamed the planet. Will they stage a grand comeback in the future? Only time will tell. Even within the span of a century, the world will undergo substantial transformations. The impacts of global warming are already palpable today, and the extent of climate change in the next century will largely depend on humanity's efforts to mitigate its effects. It is highly likely that temperatures will continue to rise globally, leading to a significant increase in sea levels. Coastal cities such as Bangkok, Miami, Venice, and many others face the imminent threat of submersion by 2124. This would necessitate a reconfiguration of the world map and result in the displacement of millions of people, sparking political and societal upheavals. Countless animal species would be compelled to migrate or face extinction in the face of these environmental changes, The significant ecological changes occurring across the Earth have the potential to permanently alter entire ecosystems. The melting polar ice caps, along with rising temperatures and shifts in rainfall patterns, could lead to rainforests transforming into unrecognizable landscapes. While heat-resistant plants, insects, and small mammals may survive, many iconic species, such as Jaguars and orangutans, could face extinction. Additionally, the increase in hurricanes could further contribute to a drastically different world in the next 1,000 years. As we fast forward a millennium, Earth would continue to experience escalating temperatures due to global warming. However, the emergence of several major volcanoes, including the super volcano in Yellowstone National Park, could bring about catastrophic changes. The eruption of such volcanoes would release massive amounts of gas and ash into the atmosphere, leading to a volcanic winter that would impact global ecosystems and agriculture systems. While this event may result in the extinction of various species, it could also help in cooling down the planet. Looking ahead to 10,000 years, Earth's geological history would enter a new era, characterized by reshaped landscapes and coastlines due to the eruptions of more super volcanoes. Mega earthquakes and the constant shifting of our planet's tectonic plates suggest that Earth is gradually reshaping itself geographically. The changes we may witness could be as significant as when Earth formed Pangia. Without considering the role of humans in this evolving planet, much of the evidence of our existence could be concealed beneath layers of rock and ice. If you or extraterrestrial archaeologists were to excavate, you would discover a distinct record of our human impact embedded in the geological history. Looking ahead 100,000 years, we would merely be a small fraction of the way towards 1 billion years. By then, Earth would have experienced at least one new Ice Age, possibly even more. These cycles of global freezing and thawing would continue to alter the landscapes we once knew so well. New rivers, seas, and emerging environments would be home to species of plants and animals that have adapted to the changes over the past 100,000 years. It is uncertain what new species would dominate the food chain. Earth's orbit might also be altered, although not dramatically, due to the gravitational pull of other celestial bodies like Jupiter, It is possible that we could be positioned slightly farther away from the Sun in the future, resulting in significant changes to our day and night cycles as well as the Earth's temperature. After a million years, our beloved planet, once known as the Big Blue Marble, would be nearly unrecognizable. To begin with, the continents would have shifted from their current locations. Perhaps Canada would finally experience more than just two months of summer, and what was once Africa might now be covered in snow. These new landmasses would give rise to fresh ecosystems, paving the way for the emergence of new life forms, some of which could potentially possess intelligence. While it is impossible to predict the exact appearance of these dominant species, it is likely that they would be perfectly adapted to their environment. Whether the Earth transformed into a molten rocky sphere or a water-filled planet, these creatures would have evolved to withstand such conditions. At this point, humanity might be regarded in a similar manner to the dinosaurs - a captivating species that once ruled the world but eventually faced extinction. Fast forward one billion years, and you would find yourself at your destination, despite not having traveled very far from your starting point. However, the Earth you encounter would be unrecognizable. The sun would shine approximately 10% brighter than your recollection, leading to soaring temperatures across the planet. Earth would have transformed into a barren desert-like world, devoid of the vast oceans that once covered its surface. Any signs of life would need to be incredibly resilient, surviving deep underground. It is hopeful that humans or other intelligent species have departed Earth and begun populating other celestial bodies. This raises the question of where we should go next if Earth becomes uninhabitable. Which planets might be better suited for sustaining life? However, that is a tale for another time.