Ismail Hadin
Bio
This is a side hustle to earn some extra money, I mainly talk-or technically write about facts and information in a wide variety of topics,My goal is to reach atleast 10$ a month, And I would appreciate it if you share my stories/posts :)
Stories (5/0)
The Pale Blue Dot.
We are a small species, If there were any aliens out there, What makes you think they want to see us, We would be considered barbaric to them, We have one home, We need to change that, Life on mars would be quite fun, We can travel there, We are preparing to settle, There are many types of civilizations, We are type 1, Type 2: They can use their entire planet’s resources and “disasters” which would just be a source of energy for them, Type 3 Civilizations: They would be able to use energy and all of the resources of multiple planets, Type 4 Civilizations: They use their entire solar system for energy and there wouldnt be much terrible stuff happening to them, Type 5 Civilizations: A Type 5 Civilization could and would use their entire GALAXY as energy, Black holes, Neutron stars, Regular stars, And all sorts of planets in various sizes and types, Type 6 Civilizations: They not only control their entire UNIVERSE, But also make THEIR OWN LAWS OF PHYSICS, Type 7 Civilizations: They CREATE their own universes, Yes, Universes, Its plural, And they can take energy and resources from anything and everything, Unstoppable basically, Type 8 Civilizations: The last civilization on the kardashev scale, Their create and infinite amount of universes and do whatever they want, Almost, This puts into scale just how small we are, We aim to be a type 3 civilization, When we arent even type 2 yet, However we do have plans for Mars, We plan to colonize it by 2040-2050, But we shouldnt aim this high yet, We need to become a type 2 civilization on our tiny pale blue dot, As Carl Sagan said “From a far distance, The Earth may not seem of any particular interest, But to us its different, Consider again that dot, Thats here, Thats home, Thats us, On it everyone you love, Everyone you know, Everyone you’ve ever heard of, Every human being who ever was, Lived out their lives, The aggregate of our joy and suffering, Thousands of confident religions, Ideologies and economic doctrines, Every hunter and forager, Every hero and coward, Every creator and destroyer of civilization, Every king and peasant, Every young couple in love, Every mother and father, Hopeful child, Inventor and explorer, Every teacher of morals, Every corrupt politician, Every superstar, Every supreme leader, Every saint and sinner in the history of our species lived here, On the mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam, The Earth is a very small stage, In a vast, Cosmic arena, Just think of the rivers of blood, Spilled by all those generals and emperors, So that in glory and triumph they could become the momentary masters of a fraction of a dot, Think about the endless cruelties visited by the inhabitants of one corner of this pixel, On the scarcely distinguishable inhabitants of some other corner, How frequent their misunderstandings, How eager they are to kill one another, How fervent their hatred, Our posturings, Our imagined self importance, The delusion that we have some privileged position in the universe are challen by this point of pale light, Our planet is a lonely speck in the great, Enveloping cosmic dark, In our obscurity, In all this vastness there is no hint that help will come from elsewhere, To save us, From ourselves, The Earth is the only world known so far to harbor life, There is nowhere else, Atleast in the near future to which our species could migrate, Visit, Yes, Settle, Not yet, Like it or not, For the moment the Earth is where we make our stand, It has been said that astronomy is a humbling and character building experience, There is perhaps no better demonstration than the folly of human conceits than this distant image of our tiny world, To me it underscores our responsibility to deal more kindly with one another, And to preserve and cherish the pale blue dot, The only home we’ve ever known” - Carl Sagan.
By Ismail Hadin9 months ago in Earth
Neutron Stars!. Content Warning.
Neutron Stars are one of the most dense objects in the universe, And they owe their existence to the death of something amazing. They are giant atomic nuclei as small as cities but denser than our sun, Stars like our sun exist because of a fragile balance, The mass and weight of millions of billions of trillions of tons of plasma are being constantly pulled inwards by gravity with such powerful force that nuclei fuse, Hydrogen fuses into helium which then releases energy up against the star, Fighting gravity and keeping a good and needed balance, But eventually the helium will be exhausted and the balance stops, Medium sized stars like our sun for example go through a hypergiant phase where they burn helium into carbon, Then carbon into oxygen before eventually turning into a white dwarf, However with stars significantly bigger in size and mass to our sun, Things get different when the helium is exhausted, The balance tips and eventually gravity wins, The core will be squeezed tighter than ever before and its outer layers will expand millions upon billions of times its original size, Carbon will burn into neon in centuries, Neon to oxygen in a year, Oxygen to silicon in months, And silicon to iron in a day, And then death, Iron is just nuclear ash, It wont have any energy to give off and it cannot be fused, The balance stops, And the tiny ball of iron gets squeezed by the force of trillions of pounds of mass, Then something majestic happens, Protons and electrons dont really like being near one another, However the force of the star above it is so great that protons and electrons fuse into neutrons which will then get squeezed as tightly as a single atomic nuclei, A iron ball the size of Earth is squeezed into the size of a city, But in reality the entire star gets destroyed, Gravity squeezing it at 25% the speed of light or about 150 million miles per hour, This will create a explosion that catapults and ejects the contents of the star outward into space, A supernova, It has a mass of over a million Earths compressed into a sphere 25 kilometers wide, In fact it is so dense that the mass of all living humans would fit into 1 centimeter of neutron star matter, Neutron stars have the most insane gravity besides black holes, And if it where any denser it would become one, Light is bent around the neutron star so you can see the front of it, And some parts and sections of the back, Its surface is 1 million degrees celsius C°, Compare that to the sun’s which is a tiny 6,000 thousand degrees celsius C°, Despite this beast being a star it is alot like a planet too, It has a crust beneath all of that heat and energy, And beneath the crust it has a liquid core, The crust is incredibly hard, It is made up of iron left from the supernova explosion and it is squeezed together in a crystal lattice, A lattice is the formation of elements and atoms in a specific shape, Anyways, The lower you go down into the crust the weirder it gets, There are 3 phases, Phase 1 where it is partially mixed into 2 nuclei sized cylinders, Then it gets more mixed and mixed until you reach the end of the crust, Where it is all just many sheets of atomic nuclei, But now we have reached the core, We arent really sure what happens here even to this day, Neutron stars spin hundreds of times per second and they give off incredible gravity, This is the end, Thanks for reading. :)
By Ismail Hadin9 months ago in Education
Cancer…. Content Warning.
Cancer, The disease/virus that has haunted humanity for hundreds of years, As of now there is no cure for the late stages of it, But there are ways to prevent death from it, It is only possible in the early stages though. Cancer is a disease which is basically just a mutated or infected cell in your body, Which will multiply to hundreds of thousands in just a week, You might not notice nor feel these changes instantly, But they are most certainly there. But even after they multiply into hundreds of thousands they aren’t cancer just yet, They are a tumor, And without energy from food it will be stopped, But the infected cells could and do mutate even more, Which will create cells that can demand your blood vessels for energy, Which will kill off your healthy cells, And this is where you might notice the symptoms, Small however, So it is easy to not notice it unfortunately, Anyways, As the scent of the dead cells grows your immune system will notice that and go into battle against the massive tumor, And your immune system will also call upon their friends, Helper T Cells and Killer T Cells, But they only arrive once the Dendritic Cells, Basically the intelligence group in your immune system and body, Will get samples of the dead tumor cells and activate the Helper T Cells and Killer T Cells, See your body has a library of every bad thing that can enter your system, And every cancer cell type is unique, However there are still genetic corruptions that they cannot hide, And your T Cells know exactly what to look for, But by the time they arrive, The tumor has grown to insane sizes, But this is about to change, The T Cells will block the growth of blood vessels, Which will starve it, Leaving the tumor cells and the tumor as a whole much smaller than it was at the time, With no way to hide from the carnage, The tumor collapses leaving hundres of thousands of tumor cells are destroyed and massacred, And their carcasses and cleaned up and consumed by macrophages that then will order new healthy tissue, But lets consider another wya this could go down, Basically an equilibrium phase, Unfortunately, natural selection spoils your victory. By doing its best to destroy the tumor,your immune system accidentally selects the fittest tumor cells. Remember, the tumor consists of different lineages that keep growing and keep mutating. Most of these are eradicated. But just a few are more resilient. One cell survives – it comes from the fittest tumor lineage and was just a bit better at surviving the massacre than anyone else. It decides to do it all over again. But better this time.This tumor cell is much stronger than any of the thousands that were killed. Maybe it is better at hiding, or fighting back. Maybe it grows faster or is better at stealing resources. Maybe it can survive with much less oxygen. And so it all begins again. the surviving tumor cell makes thousands of copies that mutate and form new lineages, until once again a tumor has grown, made up from more resilient cells. The immune system does not care though, and this time it even has experience, And so the T Cells will attack again without any mercy, Killing the tumor cells, But they wont get all, So an even fitter lineage of tumor cells begin. Finally, a tumor cell changes in a way that makes it properly dangerous, cancer. The type that kills people. How?Immune cells have an off switch that deactivates them before they can attack – which in principle is a good idea. The immune system is extremely dangerous and in many cases it needs to be shut down, like around your central nervous system. But this off switch can be exploited.The mutated tumor cell finds a way to switch the immune system off by targeting inhibitor receptors on anti cancer cells. Inhibitor receptors stop immune cells from, well, killing. This cell is the now powerful founder of a new lineage of cancer cells and mass produces thousands of new copies that once again change and mutate further. Then the last “phase” of the cancer cells, They become so mutated and powerful to the point where they are immume to your immune system, Growing and taking insane amounts of nutrients from you, But do not fear, Your body battles cancer nearly everyday, And wins, There isnt a high likelihood of your body losing to it, And even if it did scientists are working on a cure for it, It is no medicine however, It is immunotherapy, The process of making YOUR cells immune to cancer, So dont fear, And thanks for reading. :)
By Ismail Hadin9 months ago in Education
Black Holes…. Content Warning.
Black holes, A mystery to scientists worldwide, Black holes are the remnants of gigantic cosmic stars, Essentially just a cosmic vacuum cleaner, A black hole is formed when a relatively big star around a few times the sun, It forms when a star’s nuclear fusion and gravity pushing in and out are unbalanced, Specifically when the star loses the energy to balance against gravity and gravity wins, Leaving one of the most dense objects in the known universe, A black hole, A sun sized black hole would be around 2.4 - 2.5 kilometers across, Meanwhile if the Earth somehow became a black hole it would be the size of a plum, Or about 1.77 centimeters, That shows how much gravity is needed to create a black hole, But there is something that still is leaving scientists questioning things even to this day, And that is how black holes like Saggitarius A, The black hole at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy, It is massive, Absolutely astronomical, About 31 - 32 times the size of the sun, It would nearly reach out to Earth, And its acretion disk would go far beyond Earth, Near the first asteroid belt, It is 26.44 million kilometers in diameter, The sun for example is only 1.33 million kilometers in diameter, But an even more compelling and mysterious question is what happens in a black hole, Some people believe time stops, Others believe it is a wormhole to another Galaxy or universe, But we do know what happens near it, And I mean NEAR it, You would get “Spaghettified” or in normal words: Streched across the black hole to such a point where your body would have a width of 1 - 3 centimeters on average or probably smaller than that, Something interesting is that at a certain point time completely stops, It will usually just slow down, So for example: If someone is on Earth, And you are close enough to a black hole to not be eaten or pulled it, A few weeks for you is a couple YEARS on Earth, And time will get slower the closer you get, Until time just stops completely, There are stars which can and do orbit black holes, And those star do indeed have planets orbiting around it but that is only sometimes, But the black hole will take a bunch of mass away from that star each passing year, Until it leaves its core, A white dwarf, But I will talk about White Dwarfs another day, And another time, And there is extra information below here about black holes, Key word “extra” anyways here we go: A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing, including light and other electromagnetic waves, has enough energy to escape it. The theory of general relativity predicts that a sufficiently compact mass can deform spacetime to form a black hole, And black holes can fit in your pocket surprisingly, It is basically guaranteed that there are millions of black holes in our galaxy alone! But with our technology we will never find them all unless we advance our technology, There reason black holes are pure nothing is because nothing, And I mean NOTHING, Can escape, Not even light itself, Black holes have three "layers": the outer and inner event horizon, and the singularity. The event horizon of a black hole is the boundary around the mouth of the black hole, past which light cannot escape. Once a particle crosses the event horizon, it cannot leave. Gravity is constant across the event horizon, There is not much more for me to speak about, Anyways thanks for watching…Well reading technically but…You know. :)
By Ismail Hadin10 months ago in Education
The Second Most Deadly Virus…
There isn’t many things we have created that is as deadly as the Variola Virus, It is responsible for Smallpox and is mercilessly haunted humanity for centuries, But because of the virus it compelled humans to act on it globally, It marked one of the greatest wins for mankind. The virus is a tiny machine which likes to create more of itself, Evidence of It has been found in Egyptian mummies and in writing from India and China as old as 3000 years. 1300 years ago smallpox killed up to a third of Japan’s population. By the sixteen hundreds, it was one of the major causes of death worldwide. In late 18th century Europe, it killed 400,000 a year. Truly a deadly virus. In 2023, there are only two laboratories left where the living virus is officially stored for research: in Koltsovo, Russia and in Atlanta, USA. How Smallpox Kills Variola is highly infectious and catches a ride in small droplets you breathe in. Immediately it begins to infect the cells that line your throat and starts killing them to cause chaos. There are ways to cure it but if this virus battle happens in your body seek medical attention urgently, the immune system. (Extra information): Millions of viruses use the lymphatic highway to spill into your blood and organs, infecting your whole body. Suddenly variola is everywhere. But despite this global attack, your adaptive immune system is struggling to wake up. Your immune cells look for and use critical transmitters called interferons to mobilize the body against viruses. Interferons, as the name suggests, interfere – significantly slowing down virus infections but also quickly activating millions of anti virus weapons. But Variola is able to deactivate interferons, which stuns the anti virus side of your defense system. Other systems would usually help - like the complement system, a sort of mobile minefield that can destroy viruses but variola also manages to shut this down too. And so, with little resistance variola spreads everywhere and infects billions of your cells all over your body. Among the infected are your capillaries, the smallest blood vessels in your body, which die in great numbers. All this death activates an immune cell that you really don’t need right now but that is attracted by death: The Neutrophil. Normally an efficient killer of invaders great and small, it is not very effective against smallpox. And even worse, Neutrophils fight by vomiting deadly chemicals, which kills even more of your cells. Whenever cells in your body die a violent death, your immune cells immediately stream to the site of infection to help out. In this case that backfires horribly. As immune cells begin cleaning up dead cells, eating viruses and killing infected cells , variola infects a crucial cell of your immune system: Your Dendritic cells, intelligence cells that gather information and leave the battlefield to get help. They enter your lymphatic system, a highway network that spans your entire body and connects hundreds of immune bases. In these bases your heavy defenses are activated and should be the last place an enemy would want to invade, but Variola wants to get here. For about 12 days, the virus quietly infects civilian and immune cells, jumping from cell to cell infecting more and more of them. At some point a critical threshold is reached and variola starts its attack for real. Millions of viruses use the lymphatic highway to spill into your blood and organs, infecting your whole body. Suddenly variola is everywhere. But despite this global attack, your adaptive immune system is struggling to wake up. Your immune cells look for and use critical transmitters called interferons to mobilize the body against viruses. Interferons, as the name suggests, interfere – significantly slowing down virus infections but also quickly activating millions of anti virus weapons. But Variola is able to deactivate interferons, which stuns the anti virus side of your defense system. Other systems would usually help - like the complement system, a sort of mobile minefield that can destroy viruses but variola also manages to shut this down too. And so, with little resistance variola spreads everywhere and infects billions of your cells all over your body. Among the infected are your capillaries, the smallest blood vessels in your body, which die in great numbers. All this death activates an immune cell that you really don’t need right now but that is attracted by death: The Neutrophil. Normally an efficient killer of invaders great and small, it is not very effective against smallpox. And even worse, Neutrophils fight by vomiting deadly chemicals, which kills even more of your cells.
By Ismail Hadin10 months ago in Earth
