Thinking

Thinking is the basis of a civilization. The genesis, manifestation, brilliance, and survival of a civilization depend on the thoughts that the civilization held. Thoughts of people living in society, as much as delighted and united in thought as possible, the more firmly people hold on to the thoughts that civilization becomes strongest, well-organized, and expansive. Alongside, the way of living of the people of that civilization, immunity, rights, and Survival depend on these thoughts.

If we analyze the history of human civilization, we can see that when human beings transitioned from tribal society to civilization, civilization was established through thoughts. Like the ancient Egyptian civilization, Sumerian civilization, Greek civilization, Roman civilization, Indus Valley Civilization, and various other civilizations. They formed a civilization comprising one or more thoughts, and that civilization survived for thousands of years.

If we study ancient Egyptian civilization, then we can find that they carried a fundamental belief that the Pharaoh (Egyptian King) is God’s representative and is responsible for ruling the people. Based on this belief, the ancient Egyptian civilization had survived for several thousand years. By accepting this fundamental belief, the general people of ancient Egyptian civilization survived and developed, and prevented themselves from another civilization.

Ancient Egyptian civilization sustained from 3150 BCE to 30 BCE. In this long period, their religious belief and cultures were very important. Many gods and goddesses were worshipped by the Ancient Egyptians. Some deities were Amun-Ra, Osiris, Isis, Horus, Anubis, and Thoth. They believed that these deities are related to their daily life matters, and to achieve progress and prosperity, these deities play a key role. Belief in the hereafter was fundamental, and they believed that the soul is immortal, as the soul lives on after death. They took their preparation for the hereafter by doing some rituals, mummification, and making a graveyard.

Amun-Ra / Amun-Re is one of the most powerful and important deities. Amun-Ra is the formation of two gods.

Amun originated from a local Theban deity related to air, creation, and hiddenness. Ra/Re is the sun god representing life, light, and warmth.

They believed in Horus as the god of the sky, kingship, protection, and war.

They believed in Anubis as the god of mummification, embalming, the afterlife, and the protector of graves.

They believed in Thoth as the god of wisdom, writing, and all intellectual matters.

Osiris and Anubis are related to the afterlife and judgment of the soul after death, and the concept of reincarnation was a fundamental part of them.

Even if we look at ancient Greek civilization, we can see it as a prosperous and influential civilization, with a permanent settlement from the 8th century BC to the 6th century AD.

Ancient Greek Civilization, which is also known as Classical Antiquity, was indeed influential, politically sharp, philosophical, scientific, artistic, and prosperous, built based on thinking and shaped Western civilization.

Ancient Greek Civilization has significant contributions in mathematics, philosophy, science, medicine, and sculpture, which are all thinking related activities.

The foundation of this civilization was its polytheistic religious beliefs and philosophical thoughts. Many ancient civilizations were built upon these polytheistic religious beliefs, having many gods and goddesses who were worshipped as these gods and goddesses are associated with specific tasks. Their specific aspects of nature, the universe, and human life were very important. The Greeks believed that the gods controlled various aspects of their daily lives. They performed offerings, prayers, and religious rituals to honor the gods.

The twelve major Olympian gods were the most important in the religious beliefs of Greek civilization, which includes Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Athena, and Apollo, each having distinct roles and powers. Various sacrifices, temple constructions, and festivals were held in honor of these gods. In addition, their contributions to Greek philosophy and various branches of science are noteworthy.

The stability of Greek civilization lasted about 900 years, which is evidenced by their cultural and intellectual excellence, architecture, and political system. Their thoughts and discoveries continue to play an important role in various philosophical, scientific, and educational fields today.

Thoughts that only ancient civilizations held, that's not the case; rather, modern civilizations also hold thoughts more fundamentally, thoroughly, and firmly. When we review modern civilizations, we see that three civilizations have developed; civilizations have been formed based on some of their basic ideas and their respective methods of implementing them. Capitalism and secularism are the ideas that have shaped Western civilization, Communist civilization, which is based on the ideas of materialism and communism, and Islamic civilization, which was founded and operated based on Islamic thought. Islamic thought also called Islamic Aqedah.