The Eiffel Tower

Why Eiffel Tower is famous?

The Eiffel Tower is the main attraction of Paris, a true symbol of the French capital. This massive metal structure with a height of 320 meters (exact height 324 meters) was built in 1889 in 2 years and 2 months. Named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, who built it. The Eiffel himself simply called it the "Three Hundred Meter Tower". Interestingly, the Eiffel Tower was built as a temporary building for the World Exhibition held in Paris. But it not only disintegrated, but became a true symbol of Paris and the most visited attraction in the world.

With the onset of darkness, a beautiful light is illuminated on the Eiffel Tower.

For the 1889 World Exhibition, dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution, city officials wanted to build an architectural structure that would become the pride of France. To this end, a competition was established between the Bureau of Engineering. Received an offer to participate in it and Eiffel. Gustav himself had no idea. He rumoured in his old tour and dug up a high-rise steel tower project completed by his colleague Maurice Keshalen. The project was finalized and sent to the competition.

Out of 107 different projects, 4 winners were selected. Among them, of course, was the Eiffel Project. After making changes to the project with the aim of increasing architectural charm, he was recognized as the winner. In January 1887, an agreement was signed between the Eiffel Bureau and the Paris Municipal Authority on the construction of a tower. At the same time, Eiffel was not only provided with a cash payment, but a rental tower for 25 years. In 20 years the contract was awarded for the dismantling of the tower, but it became so popular that it was decided to keep it.

Eiffel Tower Facts

1.In a year, more than 5 million people visit the Eiffel Tower. Over the entire existence of the tower, more than 250 million people visited the tower. Huge figure!

2.The cost of construction was 7.5 million francs and was paid during the exhibition period.

3.For the construction of the tower, more than 18 thousand metal parts and 2.5 million rivets were used.

4.The weight of the structure is more than 10 thousand tons.

5.Creative people in Paris considered the building negatively, believing that it did not fit the city's architecture. He repeatedly sent petitions to City Hall, with an appeal to stop the construction or finish it. So, for example, one of his famous opponents - Guy de Maupassant, often dined in a restaurant located in the Tower. To the question, why does he eat here so often? He replied that this was the only place in Paris where it (the tower) was not visible! ……………………… ..

6.Eiffel Tower Opening And Closing Times

The mode of operation of the Eiffel Tower is as follows:

From 9.00 to 12.00 from June to September.

9.00 to 23.00 in the remaining months.

Eiffel tower tickets price

On the second floor by lift

Adult - 11 euro.

12 to 24 years old - 8.5 euro

Children under 12 - 4 Euros

On the second floor by the stairs

Adult - 7 euro.

12 to 24 years old - 5 euro

Children under 12 years - 3 Euros

To the top by lift

Adult - 17 euro.

12 to 24 years old - 14.5 Euros

Children under 12 years - 8 Euros

Getting there

RER - Line C, Champion D Mars - Tour Eiffel

Metro - Line 6, Bir-Hakim, Line 9, Trocadero.

Bus - 2, 2, 42, 49, Tour Eiffel or Champ de Mars

What do you need to learn before going to the Eiffel Tower? Unexpectedly, but one fact - to take pictures at night! While illuminating the lights of a big city, the Eiffel Tower looks especially attractive and every tourist will confirm this!

Therefore, as you have already understood, you need to travel to the Eiffel Tower in the dark. The tower's beautiful light is not only its decoration and chic backdrop for photography. In the evening, every hour a light show starts here - lights. You can watch every hour after turning on the main backlight until 1:00. The show lasts for 5 minutes and it is best to watch it from the observation deck at Trocadero Square.

The opening view of the night city is unforgettable. But, if you still want to see it during the day, you are obliged to appear here twice, once at night - to watch the show, to take pictures, and at other times - to penetrate the power of the building. To climb to the very top, whose height reaches 300 meters. And see Paris within a radius of 70 kilometres!

How to reach the Eiffel Tower

By Metro:

Bir-Hakim (M6 - Metro Line 6)

Trocadéro (M9 - Metro Line 9)

RER by train:

Champs de Mars - Tour Eiffel (Rer C)

by bus:

Stop Tour Eiffel: Nos. 82, 42;

Champ de Mars Stop: Nos. 82, 87, 69

Work schedule

The schedule of the Eiffel Tower depends on the weather. The tourist season begins in mid-June and ends in early September, it is during this period that the tower operates longer than usual.

Elevators and staircases are allowed from 9:00 - 00:45, 24:00, the last choli at the third level at 23:00.

Lift 9:30 - 23:45, last session at 22:30 - second level, 23:00 - third level. 9:30 - 18:30

Last session of stairs at 18:00.

Eiffel tower the Eiffel tower Eiffel tower tall how tall is the Eiffel tower

Eiffel tower at night Eiffel tower night

Eiffel Tower Levels

The Eiffel Tower is divided into 4 levels: ground and three floors with observation platforms.

1.There are ATMs at the ground level, an information board, souvenir shops (in tower support), a refreshment buffet, hydraulic machines from the time of building construction (which can only be seen during the tour), as well as a group of jeffels, which are located in the northern Located at the corner of the pillar. .

2.At a height of 57 meters, the reconstruction has taken place recently. Now you can walk on the first floor by looking at the ground under your feet, here the floors are glass and transparent. Modern computerized information has also been added to the roof. Here you can see the remainder of the stairs (4.30 m elevation), which initially reached the top in G Eiffel's office. Children will be interested to watch the light show, which will tell about the Eiffel Tower in an interesting form. All entertainment services are located in the Pavilion Ferrée. Buffet, rest area, gift shop, g. The Eiffel room, used for various events, as well as 58 Tour Eiffel restaurants - all of it located on the first level of the tower.

3.At a height of 115 meters, there will be no less interesting tower's second level. In addition to the observation deck, there is a souvenir shop, a buffet with organic snacks, information stand, as well as a Jules Verne restaurant.

4.At an elevation of over 276 meters is the observation deck of the Eiffel Tower, which offers a grand view of the capital. It is here that advanced tourists try to go in, to drink a glass of champagne at the Champagne bar, to be impressed by what they saw (an expensive pleasure, by the way!) Also, here you can see the wax figures. With Gustef Schiffel's redesigned office, you can see panoramic photos taken from different viewing platforms, as well. Familiarize with the layout of the original 1889 tower, constructed on a scale of 1:50.

Eiffel Tower Panoramic View

I would like to emphasize separately that dressing here is practical. Bring a windproof jacket with you, because there is wind in the upper areas. Many people who visited the tower during the windy season (which is quite common here) claim that the tower tilts slightly. Therefore, take care of comfortable clothes and conquer the Eiffel Tower.

Eiffel Tower Photos

Eiffel Tower Tickets

Ticket prices vary depending on how you will get up: on foot or by lift. If your plans do not involve going to the upper platform, you can save money by climbing on foot. But if you want to travel to the third level, you have to pay for the lift, which will take you from the first to the third level and take you back.

Ticket prices for the second level (115 m):

Adult walking: 10 euro

Pedestrian youth (12-24 years): 5 Euros

Walk for children (4–7 years old): 2.50 euro

Lift by adult: 16 euro

Lift youth by: 8 euro

Child: 4 euro

Ticket prices for the third level (276 m):

Adult: 25 euro

Youth (12-24 years): 12.50 Euros

Child (4-7 years old): 6.30 Euro

Joint ticket for the third level (stairs + lift)

Adult: 19 euro

Youth (12-24 years): 9.50 Euros

Child (4-7 years old): 4.80 Euros

(Price: 43.00 €, 2.5 hours)

(Price: 25.00 €, 3 hours)

(Price: 45.00 €, 3 hours)

Eiffel Tower for Turn Out

The Eiffel Tower is always crowded with tourists and huge lines. Those who do not know how to stand in line at the ticket office to avoid three hours of downtime, and then stand in line for the lift, which lifts all levels of the tower. Business is tiring and brings a bit of fun, doesn't it? The way out of the situation is very simple - you need to buy tickets in advance for a certain date and day. This can be done through the Internet. Since the method is known to many, it may happen that tickets can be sold on the day you need it. In rare cases, it may take, but it is unlikely. Therefore, tickets must be sought three months before the planned trip to Paris. Such tickets are sold at 8:30 am local time and sold out in the first hour without trace.

If the date is not important, you can get a ticket a month before the trip. After the ticket is printed, you can reach the Eiffel Tower without waiting in line, provided that you are not more than 30 minutes late from the journey time indicated on the ticket. Therefore, it is better to be in the foyer of the tower 10 minutes before the indicated time.

The other way is to buy an excursion, whose price includes a trip to the Eiffel Tower without waiting in line.

. (62.50 €)

. (43.00 €)

Panoramic Restaurant

In short, it is worth noting the Eiffel Tower restaurants. Prices are very high, and they are increasing rapidly as they rise to each level.

The 58 Tour Eiffel (first level) scene from the windows and offers spectacular views of the famous Trocadero square. Both the comfortable and spacious halls of the restaurant are ideal for a romantic dinner and gala reception (up to 200 guests).

Lunch, about 50 euros, includes three dishes and a drink. The menu may include seafood, truffles, lamb and vegetables, salmon fillet with chestnut puree, sweets and a good wine list. Dinner provides a more interesting menu. For example, a snack of your choice, a glass of champagne, a main course, a basic dessert and coffee will cost around 140 euros per person. A table must be reserved in advance.

The Le Jules Vern (second level) window of a table book in 124 meters high offers a panoramic view of Paris. The luxurious interior is furnished with antique furniture and first class service, a fantastic collection of pleasant music and wines, which justifies such an impressive price tag on the menu.

Lunch with fig soup with pistachios and lunch with cold fry gras will cost 90 euros, and shrimp fish dinner will cost at least 200 euros.

Located at the highest level is the Champagne Bar, where you can buy a glass of real French Champagne. The price of 100 ml of champagne will be 13 to 22 euros.

In a word, if you don't break down, you can reduce the thickness of your wallet by eating at the Eiffel Tower and drinking a glass of champagne. Decide, as they say, whether you need it yourself or not.

Eiffel tower Paris Paris Eiffel tower Eiffel tower drawing Eiffel tower restaurant Eiffel tower position Eiffel Eiffel tower pictures when was the Eiffel tower built Eiffel tower height Eiffel tower heights Eiffel tower urban dictionary Eiffel tower Lego Lego Eiffel tower Eiffel tower las Vegas Eiffel tower is where is the Eiffel tower Eiffel tower restaurant las Vegas Eiffel tower clip art Eiffel tower clipart Eiffel tower built why was the Eiffel tower built

History of the Eiffel Tower

In 1889, celebrating the centenary of the revolution, the government of the Third Republic planned to shock the public. The anniversary of democracy was timed to hold the next World Trade and Industrial Exhibition. Innovation in production technologies, the emergence of new types of products requires extensive advertising. The exhibition was a symbol of industrialization and an open platform to showcase the achievements of the industry. Such items and technologies began to be presented on an ongoing basis.

The architects offered various options for the appearance of the pavilions, to see the future and impress visitors. One of the original structures was a 115-meter indoor car gallery.

Special attention was paid to the design of the entry portal. The organizers staged a special competition. More than a hundred projects were proposed to be considered. One of them was a building in the form of a giant guillotine - a symbol of the French Revolution. The main requirements were as follows:

. Originality of architectural presence;

. economic efficiency;

. Possibility of resolution after end of risk.

It was just time that a proposal was put forward by the company G Eiffel, who designed the 300-meter high steel tower. There was no precedent for this structure in the world. However, engineering calculations were based on significant experience in the construction of railway bridges, the design complexity and responsibility of which were not inferior to the planned tower. Well, the design of the future was out of competition.

These arguments prompted the Commission to favor the Eiffel proposal, and were given the privilege of invention. The company's engineers Maurice Kehlen and Emil Nugier participated in the construction of the project.

The Parisians did not share the optimism of the organizers of the exhibition. The general public, fearing that the cyclopenic structure would spoil the capital's special architectural presence, seriously revolted against both the Eiffel and the Organizing Committee. Soon after the results of the competition were published in the Paris newspaper Le Temps (Varma), a protest by leading artists was published, with Guy de Moppasan, e. Zola, a. Dumas (Jr.) included. Writers, artists, sculptors expressed displeasure at the construction of the faceless and "terrible Eiffel Tower". The church did not stand on one side.

Clerks supporting general hysteria predicted the imminent collapse of the tower and the subsequent end of the world. The inertia of priests, the extent of ignorance, is a very specific phenomenon when making a revolutionary project. Which offensive label did not brand Eiffel's brainchild: an iron monster, a skeleton of a bell tower, a sieve in the form of a candle.

But progress and common sense cannot be stopped. The organizing committee of the exhibition approved the construction and provided less than a quarter of the money. Eiffel offered to finance the project from his own company's funds if he was given the exclusive right to profit during the entire period of operation. An agreement was reached and the writer was given one and a half million francs in gold. Miracle Tower was built. The cost was paid in only one year.

After 20 years of operation, according to the contract, the tower was to be demolished. Only the intervention of a powerful lobbyist could save him from demolition. And it was found in the person of the military department. In early 1898, a transmitter was installed on the upper platform and the first radio communication session was held. Eiffel suggested that the Ministry of Defense uses the tower as an antenna to transmit radio signals over long distances. Thus, he was not only the builder, but also the savior of the unique structure, which became the most striking symbol of France.

The Iron Lady, who glorified her builder, further cemented her talent as a bridge builder and brilliant engineer. Few people know that in 1885 Gustav Eiffel designed the internal structure of the Statue of Liberty. The engineer himself said with humor that he must be jealous of the tower: the brainchild of a famous creator.

The new construction was not only the embodiment of a creative change, but also a symbol of technological breakthroughs in metallurgy. The material for the tower was a special type of malleable iron. It was produced through a pudding process, during which cast iron was turned into low-carbon iron. The strength characteristics allowed the architect to realize the boldest ideas. Due to the lightness and strength, it became possible to construct composite structures.

Construction began with Earth in the area of ​​Mars on January 26, 1887, for the construction of the foundation pit. During the construction of the bridges, a system of Kaizon equipment was implemented to prevent the recharging of groundwater, which created additional pressure in the working space and prevented the entry of moisture.

At the same time, in-line production of metal frame parts was started at the Eiffel plant on the outskirts of Paris Lavalis-Parre. The total number of load-bearing and shaped elements reached 18 thousand, two and a half million rivets were built for their assembly. Designers, using the technique of shipbuilding techniques, finely draw the geometry of each type of segment and the attachment points of riveted and bolted joints, up to one micron. Technical holes were drilled in the factory. Parts already built for other structures have also gone into business. Each set of metal elements was supplied with detailed drawings and installation recommendations.

To enhance the aesthetic appearance of the building, architect Stephen Sowster suggested lining first-class metal supports with ornamental stone, as well as building arched structures to design the exhibition's main gates. If this solution were implemented, the tower would have been deprived of a composite architectural exterior.

To facilitate installation at high altitudes, the largest piece of the structure did not weigh more than three tons. When the height of the steep structure overtook the stationary crane, Eiffel designed the original hoisting mechanism that moves along the rail guides of future elevators.

The high culture of production allowed for an unprecedented pace of manufacture to be achieved. When the assembly was extended at the construction site, the need to fit individual elements was virtually reduced - the marriage in work was abolished. Only about 300 engineers, artisans and installation workers were involved in the construction together. The construction work was completed in two years, two months and five days. Eiffel paid special attention to security. During the construction period, only one person died from accidents. This tragic incident had nothing to do with the production process.

On March 31, 1889, Gustav Eiffel invited officials to climb the stairs of the world's tallest building.

The curved shape of the tower drew much criticism from experts who are modern to the project's author. However, Eiffel's bold decision was determined by the need to withstand significant air loads and linear expansion of the metal in the hot air season. Jeevan confirmed the accuracy of the engineer: During the most severe storm in the annals of observations (wind speed reached about 200 km / h), the top of the tower deviated only by 12 cm.

The design is a tall pyramid constructed by four bent pillars. The columns, each of which has a separate foundation, are connected at two points: 57.6 meters and 115, at a height of 7 meters. The lower connection is arranged as an arch. The first platform rests on the vault - a square bordering 65 meters. There is a name restaurant and gift shop here. On the second level - the edge of the stage is 35 meters - there is also a Jules Vern restaurant and an extensive observation deck. Initially, the tanks for the hydraulic system of the lift mechanism were located here. The upper platform is 16 by 16 meters. A separate passenger lift system increases each level of visitors. Two original elevators, installed in 1899, have survived to the present day. If one decides to go up to the highest platform, one must cross 1710 steps.

The main parameters of the tower are as follows:

The total weight of the structure is 10 100 tons;

The mass of the metal frame is 7 300 tons;

Initial construction height 300.6 m, after the construction of a new antenna in 2010 - 324 m;

Height of observation deck 276 m;

The length of the base edge is 125 meters.

If all the used metal is melted and poured over the base area, the height of the array will be only six meters. This indicates exceptional ergonomic design. Every seven years, all metal surfaces are painted. This work takes up to 60 tons of material. The towers were painted in different colours in different eras. In recent decades, an original colour scheme called "Brown-Eiffel" has been used.

The World Exhibition was inaugurated at that time with a bright, towering light. 10 thousand acetylene lamps were used. The lighthouse installed at the top was exposed with three colours of the French tricolour. In the early 20th century, construction began to mount an electric lighting system.

In the mid-1920s, the famous car Mogul Henry Citron transformed the tower into the world's highest advertisement. Using 125 thousand light bulbs at full height, he arranged a light show, alternately depicting ten images: the shooting stars, the silhouette of the structure, the date of manufacture, and the concern of the same name. The incident lasted for nine years until 1934. In 1985, Pierre Bideau came up with the idea of ​​illuminating the tower structure from below with floodlights. More than three hundred specially constructed lighting devices were installed at various levels. At night the sodium lamp painted a giant metal painting in golden colour.

Modern technologies in the lighting industry have made it possible to give the world-famous monument a facelift. In 2003, for several months a team of 30-man industrial climbers installed a forty-kilometer wiring system, including 20 thousand light bulbs. The cost of this update was four and a half million euros.

In May 2006, in honour of the twentieth anniversary of the European Union, the tower was first exposed in blue. And in 2008, when France chaired the Council of Europe, for half a year the building was separated from its original lights: a blue background with golden stars. It should be noted that the lighting of the main emblem of France is an original design and protected by copyright law.

Getting there

Address: 5 Avenue Anatole France, Paris 75007

Phone number: +33 892 70 12 39

Website: La tour Eiffel, Site Officiel: billets, infos, actualité ....

Metro: Bir-Hakeim

RER Train: Champ de Mars - Tour Eiffel

Work Time: 9:00 - 23:00; 9:00 - 02:00 (in summer)

ticket price

Adult: 1 17 €

Low Price: 14.5 €

Child: 10 €

Without exaggerating, everyone knows the Eiffel Tower, even that people who have never moved out of their hometown in their lives. The Eiffel Tower in Paris is like the Kremlin in Moscow or Big Ben in London, like the Statue of Liberty in New York or the Pyramid in Egypt. You can list sightseers of various cities and countries for a very long time, but the fact remains: The Eiffel Tower is one of the most visited and sightseeing places not only in France, but all over the world. More than 10 million people visit it annually - this is more than the total population of Hungary, Sweden, Belarus, Austria and several dozen countries. Due to its high popularity, we postponed this publication for a very long time (like other stories in France) - it is a bit strange to write about something already known. But we will try to make our story interesting and like yours. We've been to Paris many times, so the photos in this report will be from different trips - don't be surprised that Winter Paris suddenly turns into summer.

Ax symbol

It is commonly accepted that the Eiffel Tower is a symbol of France, but in fact, there are many symbols of France. One of them is, strangely enough, a rooster, or more accurately, a Gallic rooster (Le Cock Goulois). The ancient Romans called the Gauls of the Celts - those who lived in the area of ​​modern France, northern Italy and Belgium, but "Gallus" in Latin means not only "gall", but also "cock". According to one version, the Romans started calling the Celts, as most of them were red-haired, and the red crest resembled cocks. In Napoleon's time, the rooster's emblem was destroyed, but in 1830 the emblem of France returned to its place again. The Gallic rooster is one of France's supernatural names, so it is not surprising that this particular bird became its symbol. But back to the Eiffel Tower - the modern symbol of Paris and France, and the most recognizable milestone in the world.

The height of the Eiffel Tower

In 2010, the Eiffel Tower acquired a summit, and now has a height of 324 meters in the summit. Like many years ago, the tower rises above Paris and appears from almost anywhere in it.

History of the construction of the Eiffel Tower

But back in 1887 to the history of the construction of the tower in Paris. Prior to the appearance of the Eiffel Tower, the Washington Monument in the United States was considered the tallest building in the world, and to surpass its height, French engineers had to look for new revolutionary methods of construction.

In 1889, Paris was to host an international fair, and to impress the city's guests and show the country's industrial strength, the French government announced a competition for the construction of the tallest tower on earth. French engineer Gustave Eiffel presents an unusual design project for the competition.

The fact remains that Eiffel had been engaged in building bridges for a long time, and this was the technique he proposed to use in the construction of the tower. The tower was to be built on the principle of a "vertical bridge": it required thousands of metal plates to be assembled into squares, which would later be assembled into four huge supports. After assembly, the supports will be connected to each other, and then a huge metal spire will be formed, which will rise more than 300 meters into the Parisian sky.

But the Parisians subjected Gustav Eiffel's project to severe criticism. He was recognized as one of all the acts presented in the competition. The inhabitants of Paris believed \ u200b \ u200b that such ugly designs would ruin their city. Can they then imagine that in 120 years the Eiffel Tower will become the most recognizable landmark in the world? The Paris opinion in the late 19th century decided that the "Solar Tower" project, which was to be built entirely out of stone, should be recognized as the winner. But Gustav Eiffel did not plan to leave just like this - he proved that building such a structure is impossible, he would not have enough strength and it would fall apart. Nowadays, modern engineers decided to investigate the Eiffel calculation. Using computer simulations, he reproduced the construction of the building according to the available drawing. Using a simulator, he clearly proved that in 1887 the Eiffel calculation was completely correct. Gustav Eiffel succeeded in convincing the judges that he was not only strong, but also capable of building a tower from light.

After winning the competition, Eiffel faced an almost impossible task - in just two years he needed to make 18,000 cast iron parts and assemble them together carefully. To ensure that the tower would not heel, all four pillars were to be fully exposed, with minor misscalls threatening the disaster. It took more than a year to install and align all four columns. In March 1888, construction only reached the first level, and was only a year ahead, and most of the work was still ahead - thousands of parts had to be tied together. But it was not in vain that Gustav Eiffel was considered an excellent engineer, he carefully planned everything - part of the work was done on the ground. Only one third of all connections were made on site, and everything else was transported to an already assembled construction site. 12 million rivets and 18 thousand parts were used in the design, and it is difficult to imagine that only 130 people were engaged in assembling this incredible design.

The assembled parts were transported to the construction site on the left bank of the Seine, and with the help of steam vines and cranes the huge portions climbed the tower. Cranes were mounted at the upper point so that the weight of one would compensate for the weight of the other, which eliminated tipping or accidents. As the construction progressed, Jack raised the crane higher and higher. When the tower was completed, Eiffel used a crane guide to lift the lifts. Thanks to its null and optimized assembly process, Eiffel managed to meet the deadline.

The work was completed on March 30, 1889, and the very next day Gustave Eiffel, with a group of high-ranking officers, climbed 1,710 steps to show him what he had never seen - Paris from a height of 300 meters.

How to climb the Eiffel Tower. Schedule, ticket price

To get to the Eiffel Tower you need to be patient, and with a lot of patience. The Eiffel Tower is open to tourists 365 days 7 days a week, but obtaining it is not as easy as it may seem. You'll have to defend the multi-kilometer queue, if you remember which queue was the first McDonald's in Russia in 1991 to be opened on Pushkinskaya Square, increase it threefold, and you'll find one on the observation deck of the Eiffel Tower The queue will be found. This turn may be further reduced, but when we stood in it, we had such associations. I must say that the photos with the queue were taken in February, when it is not the weather in Paris, it is difficult to imagine what happens here in the summer. The Tower is located in Champ de Mars, 5 Prospect Anatole France, 75007 Paris, France.

In summer, the tower is open from 9 am to 00:45 pm, and the last lift takes visitors at midnight. In winter, the tower is open from 9:30 to 23:45, the last lift leaves at 23:00, the stairs remain open until 18:00. Eiffel Tower tickets can be purchased in advance to save time in line at the cash register tower site in advance. All information about ticket prices is there on the official website Eiffel Tower.

Eiffel Tower Maintenance

For tourists visiting the Eiffel Tower every day, it is necessary to ensure its continuous service. It takes more than 600 people. Write to yourself what happens if the lift that takes people to the observation deck suddenly stops. It must be said that the lift built in the 19th century went through a long history of operations of more than 100,000 km, while there was not a single accident with its operation in the Eiffel Tower. But a curious incident occurred during the German occupation. Just before Adolf Hitler arrived in Paris, the lift drive was suddenly damaged, and it was not possible to restore it due to the war. Therefore, there is a joke in Paris that Hitler was able to conquer Paris, but could not conquer the Eiffel Tower, because he never managed to climb it during his travels. But the most interesting thing happened in August 1944, literally hours after the liberation of Paris by the allied forces - the lift started functioning again.

But if the lift passed the test of time, the rain and waste products of birds cause severe damage to the Eiffel Tower - about 2 tons of paint are showered annually. Every seven years, the old paint is removed and a new one is applied, with a total weight of about 60 tons. All work is done manually: in areas where the paint is uprooted, the metal begins to rust, so these areas are pre-cleaned, and only then a new coat of paint is applied.

In the distant days of the Great Paris Exhibition - and this was in 1889 - the leadership of Paris, that is, the city administration, asked the great architect and engineer, Gustav Eiffel, to create something of grandeur as the gateway to the World Paris Exhibition. Work in The exhibition was dedicated to the centenary of the Great French Revolution of 1789, so I wanted to see something sharp and majestic in an architectural monument.

At first, after receiving the assignment, the engineer was at a loss and already wanted to deny it, but then, by a lucky coincidence, he found in his notes a project of a 300-meter tower, which, in his opinion, , Could have influenced the city administration. Eiffel was not at fault and soon received a patent for the construction of the project, and then left himself exclusive rights to it. Therefore, the tower, which stood as the gateway to the Paris World Exhibition, came to be called the Eiffel in honor of its builder. According to the agreement concluded between the Eiffel and the city administration, the tower was to be demolished 20 years after the opening of the exhibition. The cost of building the tower at that time was 8 million francs, equivalent to building a small town. The 300-meter-high iron tower with magnificent beams is widely spread all over the world.

There is a huge stream of tourists from all over the world who want to see this wonder of the world with their own eyes. Thanks to this, the cost of the tower was returned to investors within a year and a half. It is easy to imagine how much income the Eiffel Tower started to bring. At the end of the period when it became necessary to dismantle the structure under the contract, it was decided by a general decision of the authorities and builders to leave the tower. The main factor influencing this decision was the large income brought by the Eiffel Tower. Another important factor was the large number of radio antennas on the tower. The building's height, combined with the number of radio antennas on it, made France a leader in broadcasting and significantly influenced its development.

Even today in Paris - where is the Eiffel Tower, no building is higher and bigger than this wonder of the world. Already from a height of 150 meters, a full view of the city opens, whose panoramas are so deeply immersed in the heart that it becomes impossible not to fall in love with Paris. In the moment of contemplating the city from such a height, you are completely immersed in your environment and feel all the subtleties within you. Seine River, Champs Ellis, Great Cathedral and Temples, Parks, Roads, Streets, Pathways - it all passes by you and leaves an indelible impression on your soul. And how many great works of art have been dedicated to the Eiffel Tower? The greatest poets and artists in his compositions described the glory and uniqueness of the place. Such works contributed significantly to the heritage of world culture.

Today the Eiffel Tower is the most important symbol of Paris. If you ask anyone, from which country it is not important "Where is the Eiffel Tower?" That, in 90 cases out of 100, is immediately "Paris!" Will answer

Anyone flying over Paris will try to explore this magnificent tower, the symbol of Paris, and the whole of France.

Eiffel Eiffel tower tickets Eiffel tower at night Eiffel tower restaurant tour Eiffel tickets Eiffel tower painting tour de Eiffel about the Eiffel tower Eiffel tour Eiffel tower lights Eiffel tower meaning Eiffel tower address Eiffel tower silhouette Eiffel tower age Eiffel tower floors Eiffel tower light show top of Eiffel tower view from Eiffel tower Eiffel tower dinner Eiffel tower tour Eiffel tower summit tickets Eiffel tower elevator tour Eiffel restaurant red Eiffel tower Eiffel tower stairs

As you have already seen, the history of the tower is very saturated. This would not be surprising - any miracle in the world always attracts a lot of attention. However, historical activities associated with the Eiffel Tower are more related to its height. A fun incident occurred in 1912, when the Austrian tailor made his parachute, with a "special" design. Climbing to the very top, the Austrian decides to conquer the world with his amazing work, but the parachute does not open and the tailor is killed, which is not surprising - the tower has a height of 324 meters. After this incident, parachute jumps from the Eiffel Tower were not seen, but, unfortunately, a series of suicides began. Even to this day, many suicides from around the world choose this tower as their end point. The last official date of suicide is June 25, 2012.

In 2002, the number of visitors to the tower for the year was over 200 million, which is equivalent to 550,000 people per day. If you imagine that the entrance to the tower was about 2 euros per person, then it is not difficult to calculate what the tower brings an annual income from a visitor who just went inside. And if you calculate how much money the average tourist leaves in bars, restaurants, shops, then this figure will increase by 3 times the average.

In the winter of 2004–2005, an ice rink was filled on the first floor of the tower to attract and hold the 2012 Winter Olympics in Paris. After that, the ice-filling tradition in the first floor became annual.

It is also surprising that the French were quite enterprising people, and that the Eiffel Tower has been in existence for the entire time, they have sold it at least 2 dozen times. Of particular note is a certain Victor Lustig, who twice (!) Manages to sell the tower as scrap metal.

Nevertheless, answering the question: "Where is the Eiffel Tower", one has to remember the area of ​​Mars opposite the Jena Bridge. In the Paris metro, the station is called Bir-Hakim.

The construction Eiffel Tower, which later became the symbol of Paris, was finished in 1889, it was originally conceived as a temporary structure, which served as the gateway to the Paris World Exhibition in 1889. The exhibition was held in Paris and was dedicated to the centenary year of the French Revolution. The Paris city administration replaced renowned French engineers with an offer to participate in an architectural competition. In this type of competition, a structure must be found that demonstrates the country's engineering and technological achievements.

1886 year. Three years later, the World Industrial Exhibition EXPO will begin its work in Paris. The organizers of the exhibition announced a competition for a temporary architectural structure, which would serve as a gateway to the exhibition and support the technological revolution of its time, heralding a grand change in the life of mankind. The proposed construction was profitable and easily dismantled. On May 1, 1886, a competition of architecture and engineering projects opened for future world exhibitions in France, attended by 107 applicants. Various paranormal ideas were being considered, among them, for example, the giant guillotine, which was reminiscent of the French Revolution of 1789. One of the contest's contestants was engineer and designer Gustav Eiffel, who had unprecedentedly proposed a project in world construction - a 300-meter metal tower - the tallest building in the world. He got a lot of idea of ​​the tower from the portrait of the employees of his company, Morris Kohlen and Emil Nugier. Gustav Eiffel receives a joint patent for the project with them, and later receives future exclusive rights from them. The Eiffel Tower. The Eiffel Project becomes one of the 4 winners and then the engineer makes the final changes to it, the original pure form Se compromises between engineering design planning and decorative options. Thanks to the engineer-made changes to the tower's decorative design, the contest organizers preferred their Iron Lady. Finally, the committee is based on the Eiffel Plan, although the idea of ​​the tower was not for them, but for their two employees. : Maurice Kohlen and Emile Nugier. It was possible to assemble such a complex structure as a tower within just two years as Eiffel implemented special construction methods. This explains the decision of the exhibition committee in favor of this project. To make the tower more suitable for the aesthetic taste of the demanding Parisian public, architect Stephen Swotter proposed to stone the basement of the tower, its The ground floor area, which together became the main entrance to the exhibition, to add support and to place huge floors on the tower. The shining rooms give the top of the tower a round shape and use a variety of decorative elements to decorate it. In January 1887, the Eiffel, the state and the municipality of Paris signed an agreement, according to which the Eiffel Was allowed to make personal use of the tower for 25 years, and provided for a cash subsidy of 1.5 million gold francs, accounting for 25% of all expenses. Tower construction. On 31 December 1888, a joint stock company with a statutory fund of 5 million francs was created to attract the missing funds. Half of this amount - the funds contributed three banks, the other half by the individual funds of Eiffel himself. The final construction budget was 7.8 million francs. The Eiffel Tower - it is the symbol of Paris and a high-altitude antenna. There are 10,000 on the tower. People can ride. The project was designed by architect Stephen Sovestre, but engineer Gustave Eiffel (1823–1923), who was better known to the public, built the tower. Other Eiffel works: Ponte de Dona Maria Pia, de Garbi Viduct, an iron frame for the New York Statue of Liberty. Since the appearance of the tower, approximately 250 million people have seen it. The mass of the metal portion of the structure is 7,300 tons. Is, and the entire tower is 10,100 tons. In 1925, the wicked Victor Lustig succeeded in selling the iron structure for scrap, and he was able to crank the trick twice! In fine weather, from the top of the tower. , Paris and its environs can be seen within a radius of up to 70 kilometres. It is believed that the best time to visit the Eiffel Tower, one hour before sunset - provides the best visibility. There is also a tragic record of the tower - about 400 people committed suicide while fleeing its upper platform. In 2009, the roof is shielded by protective barriers and now this place is very popular with romantic couples kissing in front of the whole of Paris.

Eiffel tower Vegas Eiffel tower facts Eiffel tower painting Eiffel tower in French who built the Eiffel tower under the Eiffel tower Eiffel tower apartment Eiffel tour Eiffel tower lamp Eiffel tower emoji Eiffel tower images Eiffel tower Paris France Eiffel tower cartoon top of Eiffel tower Eiffel tower restaurant Paris las Vegas Eiffel tower Eiffel tower meaning beautiful Eiffel tower Eiffel tower tickets Eiffel tower restaurant Vegas

One of the most talented thugs of the 20th century was Count Victor Lustig (1890–1947). This person spoke five languages, receiving an excellent upbringing. He was bold and fearless. His 45 pseudonyms are known, and he was arrested 50 times only in the United States. "As long as there are fools in the world, we live by deceit, so with our own hands." Do not use very smart fellow citizens. But your name should not only be included in criminal history, but also in legends, you must have truly extraordinary abilities. One of these scammers is Victor Lustig. His feats have listed both minor changes and grand scams. A young man from a poor Czech family looked like a ruined Austrian count. And so skillfully followed the role - that no one doubted its title. Fluency in five languages, knowledge of all the nuances of secular and business etiquette, the ability to hold freely in society - these are qualities that made him both in high society and in a gangster environment. However, in addition to the native "count" surname, Con Man used several dozens of pseudonyms for his activities. Under him, Victor went on several cruises and arranged various raffles and lotteries on the ships of those we regularly call "scammers" today.

One of the legends associated with the name of Fair Play, or a scandalstig with Al Capone, was the story of his "collaboration" with Al Capone. Once, in 1926, a tall, well-dressed young man visited a famous gangster of the time. The man introduced himself as Count Victor Lustig. He asked for 50 thousand dollars to double this amount. Gangster was not at all sorry for investing such a small amount in a dubious venture, and he gave them to count. The deadline for completing the plan is 2 months. Lustig took the money, placed it in a bank vault in Chicago and then moved to New York. Lustig made no attempt to double the amount left in Chicago. Two months later, he returned, took money from the bank and went to the gangster. There he apologized, saying that the plan did not work and gave the money back. To this, the gangster replied: "I was expecting 100 thousand dollars or nothing. But… get my money back… Yes, you are an honest man! If you have difficulty, take it sparingly. "And he counted 5 thousand dollars. But these 5 thousand scams were the purpose of Lustig!

Scrap metal, or how they used to sell the Eiffel Tower, but what is the "premium" of five thousand? Yes, and the amount that Victor helped as a result of the lottery, cheating banks and playing poker not very honest, seemed scary to him. The soul needed scope. That the hoax was grand. Well, income, of course, also should not be left behind. Listing was craving for action and the opportunity did not last long. In May 1925, Victor Lustig arrived in Paris with his friend and companion Dan Collins. On the first day, upon arrival, an article from a local newspaper caught his attention. It reported that Famous is in terrible condition and city officials are considering an option to eliminate it.

The idea of ​​a spectacular scandal was born immediately. For its implementation, a chic room number was rented in an expensive hotel and the documents stated that Victor Lustig was the deputy head of the Ministry of Posts and Telegraphs. Then, invitations were sent to the five largest metal dealers. The invitation to an important and fully classified meeting in the letters was with the deputy general director of the department at the Krillon Hotel, which at the time was the most prestigious hotel in Paris.

After meeting the guests in a luxurious apartment, Lustig begins a long talk about the material the Eiffel Tower states cost a penny. It was built as a temporary building for the World Exhibition in Paris, and now, after 30 years, has become so dilapidated that it only poses a threat to Paris and the possibility of the city authorities demolishing the tower are considering. Therefore, a tender of sorts was announced for the purchase of the tower. Such an offer could not arouse interest among the guests, but Andre Poisson was particularly interested. He was motivated not only by the apparent financial gains from the deal, but also by the opportunity to go down in history. It may have been this conceited interest seen by Luisig, and this was the reason that after some time a confidential meeting of Monsieur Poisson was scheduled. During this meeting, Victor Lustig was somewhat restless. He tells Poisson that he has every chance to win the tender and for the entire win you only have to personally "forward" your candidacy to Victor with a small reward. Prior to this meeting, Monsieur Poisson had doubts: why all the meetings related to the tender take place in such a secret environment, and not in the offices of the ministry, but in the hotel room. But officially such extortion, strangely enough, dispelled Poisson's ultimate suspicion about the suspicious transaction. He counted several large bills and persuaded Lustig to take them, then wrote a check for a quarter of a million francs, obtained documents for the Eiffel Tower and was pleased. When Monsieur Poisson was suspected of something wrong, Victor Lustig was already hidden in Vienna with his suitcase of cash issued to him.

Despite the fact that Victor Lustig fell into the hands of the police more than fifty times - he always managed to get out of the water. The police had to let go of a talented crook, as he did not have enough evidence to prove his crime. Viktor Lustig was not only a talented man, but also a good psychologist. Most of the victims they tricked did not approach the police, did not want to look like fools in the eyes of the public. Even the Monsieur Poisson, who bought the "Eiffel Tower" for a substantial sum of money, had to part with the money than to become the laughingstock of all of Paris and lose his reputation as a shrewd businessman. Was more likely.

The story of the Eiffel Tower became the swan song of Lustig. Shortly after making a deal with Poisson, he returned to Paris and once again decided to sell the tower to a bidder. But the fraudulent businessman quickly saw through the forgery and reported it to the police. Lustig managed to escape from the French police towards the United States. But there he was captured and put on trial. The American justice system has also submitted several complaints against talented thugs. In December 1935, the count was arrested. He received 15 years in prison for Faking Dollars, plus 5 years for running away from another prison just a month earlier. He was transferred to the famous Alcatraz prison island near San Francisco, where he died of pneumonia in March 1947.