Oil and Gas Energy Politics
The activities of Turkey in the Mediterranean
Turkey has been very visible in the region, thus it presence in nation states such as Syria, Libya, and Cyprus further loud its cause in the region. For effective deployment of power, the realist believes nation states must be able to advance their national interests and aspirations through the effective articulation of national security elements such as Economic, Military, Technology, and Resources within the international system. The activities of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan within the East Mediterranean region further rekindles it cause to achieve regional hegemon.
Turkey in Libya
The presence of Turkey's military intervention in Libya has been mainly interpreted as an avenue for the Turkish government to secure its resource (oil and gas exploration) state and maritime boundary in the Eastern Mediterranean. Turkish military intervention in Libya was approved on January 2, 2020 by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey to support UN-backed Government of National Accord of Libya also known as GNA which undermines the Principle of Non-Intervention and other International laws in the system. The domestic political tension within Libya has attracted many other actors within the region. The resources (Oil and Gas exploration) interest of Turkey within the region reflect its intentions to support the GNA. Ankara had signed maritime agreement with the UN-backed government to counter the trilateral agreement between Cyprus, Israel and Greece on the East-Med pipeline which was ratified by these three nations to explore and transport oil and gas through the pipeline to the European market. Greece has also taken countermeasures to signed a similar maritime agreement with Egypt to oppose the presence of Ankara in the zone.
Turkey's Naval Deployment in the Mediterranean
The doctrine of the Mavi Vatan (Blue Motherland) has been the an expansionist geopolitical strategy by Ankara. The geopolitical presence of Turkey in the Aegean Sea, Black Sea and Eastern Mediterranean has raised issues of territorial integrity among nation states within the region. The Exclusive Economic Zones of nation states (Greece and Cyprus) within the region has come under severe attack over the deployment of naval vessels by Ankara to extend and protect its oil and gas exploration activities in the dispute region of the eastern Mediterranean. International Oil companies such as Exxon Mobil, Total and Eni have all been disrupted by the actions of Ankara. These companies have qualified for their licensing to undertake drilling in the respective offshore blocks. The deployment of naval warships in the Mediterranean to carry out maneuvers stopped the charted Saipem 12000 vessel by Italy's Eni on Feb 9, 2018 and raised concerns over the use of force against the Saipem 12000 by the Cyprus government. The EU and US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo have all criticized Turkey over its decision to drill and explore oil reserves within the waters of Cyprus.
The activities of Ankara within the region has heighten tensions among NATO allies and the EU bloc. France has announced to temporarily reinforce its military presence in the eastern Mediterranean to support Greece. The decision by France reflects its national interest to protect its national assets and investments such as the presence of Total in the region and as well as countering Turkey's decision in Libya. Turkey has referred to the action of France as a "Bully" and it is blaming France for heightening the tensions in the region. Chancellor Angela Merkel of Germany has offered a road-map to mediate the tensions between the Ankara and Athens within the region.
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Ekobor Alueker
The World would surely be a Better place for ALL. A true believer of the Principle of Reciprocity.
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