Application of casting modeling in industries

Modeling and fabrication of casting molds

Casting modeling in parallel with the casting industry; It has played an important role in the emergence of new technologies in the industry of manufacturing metal parts and other branches.

For example, it is impossible to shape cast parts without making a casting mold and designing a model. Therefore, it can be said that modeling is of special importance in the production of castings and is an important tool for molding and casting.

Usually, modeling and mold making workshops operate as a separate unit inside the foundry factories or next to the machine-building and foundry factories. The reason for this is technical cooperation between modeling workshops and machine-building and foundry factories. This proximity will also save time and money.

Types of casting models in the casting molding industry

Definition of cast model: Cast model is a body that is made of wood, metal, plastic and. In connection with the molding work in the casting, different models are used, each of which is used in a specific place.

Casting models can be classified according to specific characteristics in several ways, which are described below.

1- Types of casting models and molds based on material

• a. Wooden models
• b. Metal models
• c. Sponge models
• d. Combined models

2- Casting models based on the molding method

• a. Machine models
• b. Manual models

3- Types of casting models according to the separation level

• a. One-piece casting molds
• b. Two-piece casting molds
• c. Multi-piece casting molds

Types of molds and methods of gravity casting

In these casting methods, the molten metal is poured slowly and under gravity into the casting mold and then cooled. There are three categories of molds or casting models suitable for this method.

1. Casting in the form of sand casting
2. Precision casting or wax mold casting
3. Casting in permanent metal molds or casting molds
4. In the following, we will explain each of them

Sand casting mold

In this method, the grains of refractory material (such as silica) are mixed with small amounts of other materials such as clay, glue and water and pressed around the model, which has the shape of the desired part. If it is necessary for the model to come out of the mold before pouring the melt, the mold must be made in two pieces or more.

Characteristics of casting in the form of sand casting

Scores:

There are almost no restrictions on shape, size, weight and complexity. Almost any metal can be cast.

Limitations:

Tolerance and surface polishing are not as good as other casting methods. Usually some machining is required.

Precision casting or wax mold casting

In this method, they first make the shape of the desired piece with wax or materials that have waxy properties and melt at low temperatures; That is, first a piece of wax is made exactly like the final piece, and then this piece of wax is covered with a layer of gypsum and ceramic and placed in a kiln until the wax melts and comes out of the ceramic shell. Now we have a casting mold that is completely the mold of our piece and is ready to be cast inside.

After the casting mold is ready; The same ceramic mold; The molten metal is poured into a mold and allowed to cool. The ceramic is then broken in various ways and the final piece of metal is removed from the casting mold.

What is precision casting in the article and what is its use? This method is explained in detail, and of course, at the end of this article, a video of how to make an accurate casting mold is included, which you can watch this short and useful video with Persian subtitles.

Precise casting properties

Advantages:

Any alloy can be cast by this method and any complexity in the piece can be cast.

Limitations:

Usually when the piece is larger than a basketball, precision casting is no longer cost-effective and costs a little more than other methods.