THE BATTLE BETWEEN GRAVITY AND PRESSURE

Everyone is invited.

For the biggest battle, take your place now.

in the universe that will soon be created.

Yes, the Big Bang is just about to occur!

The power that unites all matter is located in one corner.

It has an infinite range and affects every mass-containing particle.

Praise be to gravity!

Our competitor has the ability to move the situation to the other corner.

with astounding power.

This fighter only gets tougher as the going gets tougher.

It's pressure, that's right!

The following several hundred thousand years will be spent.

The universe's future will be at stake in this contest between these two contestants.

People, those are the repercussions of this historic match.

the universe as we currently understand it will be shaped.

But what are these authorities squabbling over?

When the Big Bang actually occurs, we'll know. now!

The play-by-play should be closer now.

Three elements have entered our young universe as a result of this great event.

only interacts with gravity; dark matter.

All the matter you've ever seen is made of baryonic matter.

is impacted by both gravity and pressure.

And radiation, which consists of countless light particles.

as well as photons.

in the immediate aftermath of the Big Bang.

All three elements are in a state of equilibrium.

indicating that no particular area has a higher density than another.

However, as the universe begins to expand, disparities in density begin to appear.

The immediate action of gravity is to pull matter together.

At the center, dark matter starts to gather.

of these regions, which are getting denser.

laying the groundwork for future galaxies.

In the meantime, pressure starts to build.

In this warm, energetic setting,.

In order to create atoms, protons and electrons cannot combine.

As a result, these free-floating particles interact with nearby photons without restriction.

The outcome is a mixture of radiation and baryonic matter that is almost fluid.

However, the fluid gets hotter the closer these baryonic particles get.

With incredible force, photons are being pushed to ping around.

The power of pressure, more specifically radiation pressure, is what causes this.

battling to break things apart.

Photons and matter are squeezed together by gravity's relentless tugs.

A strong pushback is exerted by pressure.

This fluid is being heaved back and forth as the two giants struggle.

Baryonic acoustic oscillations are huge waves that are produced.

Almost traveling at the speed of light.

These BAOs cause waves to travel through space.

having the greatest possible impact on the universe.

The movement of matter through space is controlled by these rolling waves.

inferring that today—nearly 14 billion years after this conflict started—.

At their peaks, galaxies are more likely to be found.

in their troughs, and void space.

Yet more is included.

In the universe's background radiation, these ripples are still visible.

a lasting recollection of this epic brawl.

But after being locked in a stalemate for roughly 370,000 years,.

finally sees a change in the direction of our conflict.

The Big Bang's heat has significantly subsided after all this time.

bringing the temperature of the universe down.

when protons and free electrons begin to pair up.

It is called the "era of recombination.".

Thus, electrons are prevented from carelessly pinging around.

The light can now stream freely for the first time thanks to this.

bringing the cosmos to light.

With the neutral atoms they now interact with, these photons only exert a very small force.

gradually lowering the pressure's force.

And now it's time to declare a winner!

The most powerful force in the universe, the unstoppable force:.

It is gravity!

And yet, this rivalry is still ongoing.

The conflict between these two sworn enemies is still going on today.

every single star itself.

The gas in a star is drawn inward by gravity.

The issue is pushed back outward as pressure builds.

The Sun and all other stars are maintained by this push and pull.

stable over a long period of time.

In actuality, it is the same reason for this titanic struggle.

The atmosphere of Earth does not disintegrate into the ground.

Thus, even though their fiercest battle may have come to an end.

These two warriors have yet to engage in battle.

even as a fresh adversary comes.