Futurism logo

Path to the Stars - The Skyhook

1,000km Cable to the Stars

By Zeeshan Mushtaq LonePublished 3 years ago 6 min read
4

You can also listen this article now!

Getting into space is hard. Right now, it's like going up a mountain on a unicycle with a backpack full of explosives. Incredibly slow, you can't transport a lot of stuff, and you might die. A rocket needs to reach a velocity of about 40,000 kilometers an hour to escape from the earth. To get to that speed, rockets are mostly containers for fuel with a tiny tip of payload.

This is bad if you want to go to other planets because you need a lot of heavy stuff, if you want to survive, and maybe even come back. So is there a way to get a space with less fuel and more payload?

A nice thing that solved most of our transport problems on Earth is what you call the infrastructure. Whether it's roads for cars, ports for ships or rails for trains, we've made it easier to get to places. We can apply the same solution to space travel space. Space infrastructure will make getting into orbit and out to the Moon, Mars and beyond easier and cheaper.

Great, but what exactly is space infrastructure? Unlike an space elevator, which is currently science-fiction, there is a simple yet promising technology that does not require new science, magic materials or huge investments, and that has been tested successfully in orbit already. A cable and a weight known as a tether.

The concept is so simple; it's surprising. What if we put tethers hundreds or thousands of kilometers long into space, and had spacecraft use them as ladders to climb to higher altitudes and gain speed? This concept is known as the sky hook.

It works even better if we make it spin. The counterweight holds a long cable in place while it rotates around a circle. A rotating tether slows down its tip relative to the ground at the bottom and speeds it up at the top like a catapult. This means that you can transfer energy from the tether and get a massive boost when released, more-or-less for free, equal to twice the tether's rotation velocity. Specialized fibers already exist that can survive the extraordinary stresses a skyhook would be faced with. To protect against cuts and collisions from debris and meteorites, we can thread our tether into a web of redundant fibers. Since our Skyhook would pass over the same spot many times a day, this would allow small, reusable shuttles to catch up with it. Of course, it's not that easy. That it's lowest point, the tether's tip is dashing through the atmosphere at around 12,000 kilometers per hour.

Because of Earth's atmosphere, we can't lower the Skyhook too much, or it will get too hot from air friction. So it will dip to a height of 80 to 150 kilometers and no lower. To match this, will need specialized spacecraft that can get to the tether. While this isn't exactly easy, it's still much cheaper than getting a big tin can filled with rocket fuel to go 40,000 kilometers an hour.

Catching the tip will be a challenge too. There's only a short time window of 60 to 90 seconds to find a tiny thing in the sky. Moving at Mark 12, to make this easier. The tip could have a sort of fishing line that a kilometer long with a navigation drone that helps the spacecraft connect. Another challenge is keeping our Skyhook in Orbis as more and more ships latch onto it and pull themselves up.

They use up the momentum that keeps it in place. If we don't do anything, it will slow down and crash into the atmosphere. And here, we can cheat the universe of bit. The sky hook is a battery of orbital energy. It's possible to balance the payloads coming in and being sent off. Arriving ships, bringing humans and materials home to earth, add energy to the tether, which it can give to other ships departing into space.

This way the tether doesn't lose any energy. The more we use it, the cheaper it gets. If we're still losing energy with each boost, we can recover it with smaller electrical or chemical engines. That regularly, correct the tethers position. A set of tether's, one around earth and one around Mars, could make trips between the planets fast, straightforward, and low-cost compared to rockets.

The earth tether would sit in low earth orbit to grab people in payloads and fling them off to Mars. The Mars tether catches them and slows them down for a landing on the surface. In the opposite direction, the tether could pick up a vehicle traveling through Mar's thin atmosphere at only about 1000 kilometers per hour.

Now not much faster than our airline is on earth and fling it back to earth to be caught and lower down. The tethers could shorten trips between both planets from nine months down to five or even three, and reduce the scale of the rockets required by between 84 and 96%. Even better, people may be able to travel in a relative luxury, as we could afford to invest in passenger comfort, tether travel would be first-class seats to Mars. Together, tethers around the earth and Mars could provide the rapid and cost efficient transportation backbone that would make space travel affordable, but let's go further starting from low Mars orbit a tether could boost ships to the asteroid belt.

The first craft sent to a new asteroid would need rockets to slow down at its destination. Subsequent arrivals might find a tether waiting to catch them and send them back for free. Getting to asteroids cheaply is a major factor in opening up the resources of the solar system. Precious metals and valuable minerals could be delivered to Mars just weeks after they were cut out of their asteroid.

They would be the perfect building blocks for our interplanetary civilization. But why stop here? Martian moons are very convenient, no other moons in the solar system orbit that close to their planet. Phobos is so heavy that we don't need to worry about slowing it down, making it the perfect attachment point for super-tethers, just under 6,000 kilometers long.

The lower tip would fly just over the surface of Mars and be very easy to catch. The upper tip can fling ships all the way to Jupiter and Saturn. The same super tether can also bring the inner solar system closer. Venus and mercury are a single swing away. Unlike Mars they're bursting with solar energy and are rich in minerals.

In the long-term, nothing is stopping humanity from construction, a zero propellant transport network for the terrestrial planets centered on the Martian moons. Tethers are a comparatively cheaper and sustainable solution to making space travel affordable and the rest of the solar system accessible for exploitation and exploration.

Considering that we have the technology to build them today. There's really no good excuse to wait any longer. Parts of the solar system are far away, but they could be very close.

space
4

About the Creator

Zeeshan Mushtaq Lone

I'm a student and I also have conducted a marketing survey with ITC Limited. Multinational conglomerate company.

Twitter

Reader insights

Be the first to share your insights about this piece.

How does it work?

Add your insights

Comments

There are no comments for this story

Be the first to respond and start the conversation.

Sign in to comment

    Find us on social media

    Miscellaneous links

    • Explore
    • Contact
    • Privacy Policy
    • Terms of Use
    • Support

    © 2024 Creatd, Inc. All Rights Reserved.