The wrong way to open, online education into the "non-mule non-horse" dilemma

If we consider the online education experiment brought about by the epidemic as a job, then the job can be said to be qualified.

The wrong way to open, online education into the "non-mule non-horse" dilemma

It can be said that the experiment results are mixed. The good thing is that, after 20 years of rapid development of China's education information technology, the construction of infrastructure equipment and facilities has made great achievements, basically to meet the needs of students to live a digital learning life. This is a hard-won achievement for a country with a large education population and huge differences between urban and rural areas.

The worrying thing is that although 270 million students are living a digital learning life, the results are uneven. Some time ago, students returned to school, Hebei Linxi Yuying school conducted a mapping test, the results of the first and second-year students failed, the original better learning of the fourth-grade students in elementary school average score from 95 points down to 75 points at once. This result makes the principal Liu Chunhua, who originally thought the teaching effect would be better than usual, feel very confused: "Why the school attaches great importance to the organization of excellent teachers for online teaching, the means that can be used like animation, microfilm, master teaching, etc. are used, but there is still such a result, where exactly is the problem?"

I am afraid that such questions will haunt the hearts of many teachers and principals. Online education represents the future of education, which should liberate teachers and students and unleash the great potential of education, but on the contrary, it seems that this kind of education has put technical shackles on teachers and students, which has bound their hands and feet.

Teachers are transformed from the traditional classroom stage "star" to the "anchor" who "dominates the screen", which greatly strengthens the traditional "non-vigorous The "dynamic" educational shortcomings are greatly reinforced. According to a survey, the activity rate in "teacher-controlled" online classrooms is 0.83, the language rate is 0.81 (much higher than the norm of 0.68), and the student activity rate is only 0.12. On a screen of only 10 inches or so, even if teachers do everything they can, it is still difficult to win the hearts of students.

The children who grew up with the Internet and entered online learning with the wonderful experience and desire for the charm of online games became the "audience" all of a sudden, and the classroom interaction rate was only 0.11, just like the "meat dumplings" tied up and unable to move, almost no questions, no interaction, no cooperative inquiry. There is no interaction, no cooperative inquiry, and so on. With the fire on one side and the iceberg on the other, students are afraid that online learning is more boring than traditional classrooms.

According to a survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Textbooks, only 37.4% of teachers were very or relatively satisfied with the teaching, and 40.4% of parents were satisfied. After a few months, the majority of teachers and students did not experience the advantages of online education, but also lost the strengths of traditional teaching, the embarrassing situation of being "not a mule, not a horse". This phenomenon is not only seen in China but also in developed countries.

Why is it that online education, which is popular with students in out-of-school training institutions, has lost its color and become tasteless once it reaches the hands of school teachers? This may be related to the wrong way people open online education. Traditional teaching and online education are supposed to be two lanes of traffic. Online education represents the "high-speed rail", but we treat it as a traditional "train" the result is an advanced technology to serve the backward educational concepts and teaching model, not only difficult to function, with but also very lame.

Smart era should be a new type of "student-centered" education

Online education usually refers to the web-based learning method, which represents the future direction of human education. As early as the 1980s, the famous scientist Qian Xuesen forward-lookingly put forward the idea of Dacheng wisdom education, believing that the future education will be "human-computer combination, human-net combination, and human-oriented", aiming to cultivate a new human education that "integrates Dacheng and gains wisdom". Today, Qian Xuesen's educational thinking has revealed the value of the times, and "human-computer co-education" education, which uses artificial intelligence teaching systems for personalized learning, is becoming a new trend in international education. The so-called "human-machine co-education" education is based on modern information technology such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, etc., giving full play to the advantages of human teachers and intelligent teachers (machines), developing human potential and "human-machine combination" intelligence, and cultivating "innovative people". A new type of education that "integrates innovative people".

To build "human-machine education", we need to move beyond the traditional "tri-centered" education of the industrial era to a new type of "student-centered" education in the intelligent era.

The new paradigm - "let the students stand in the center of the school". The core of future "human-machine education" is to build a "student-centered" education, and truly realize the educational ideal of "teaching without discrimination and teaching according to ability".

The new goal - is to cultivate "innovative people". As early as 60 years ago, McLuhan predicted that the future electronic age would produce a higher level of well-rounded people, and Professor Tang Kelin called for the cultivation of "creative people" under the new technological revolution. "In his congratulatory letter to the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Education in May 2019, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that it is an important mission of education to cultivate a large number of high-end talents with the ability to innovate and cooperate in artificial intelligence. This points to the direction for the future development of education in China.

New literacy - cultivating students' learning power. How to cultivate "innovative people"? Facing the advent of the new century, Professor Pei Tiana pointed out that Chinese educators must seriously consider and answer the question of how to reconstruct the path of students' learning development centered on learning power and students' personality development. Learning power is the sum of learning ability, motivation, attitude, and innovation. Professor Kirby of Harvard University reveals that the secret of Harvard students' success lies in developing their learning power.

New curriculum - Establishing a competency development curriculum system. The key to the transformation and upgrading of online education lies in the establishment of a new curriculum system, that is, it should be transformed from an examination-based education system to a system for students' ability development, and realize "personalized" learning through an intelligent teaching system: "one curriculum for a lifetime" "One plan for life".

Andreas Schleicher, the father of PISA, described the future of education in the following way: Education today is a compass for young people, who use it to start their journey of knowledge-seeking and to find what they could not necessarily find before. answers they may not have been able to find before. This is a new type of education, in which students can learn independently, individually, and in a discovery mode in an environment built by "human-computer co-education", in which they can explore and discover patterns and master knowledge.

New evaluation - adopt value-added evaluation and wait for the flowers to bloom. It is a change in education to adopt value-added assessment to free students from the traditional teaching "arena" of tests and competitions. The purpose of assessment is to promote the development of students so that they can learn only with themselves, without pressure, only the joy of exploration, waiting for students to "open up", to maximize the release of children's potential.

Where is the structural change in education?

The upgrade of traditional railroads to high-speed trains requires a change of cars, tracks, and systems, and so does education. To achieve this goal, education information technology must move from solving the local problems of "one trick, one style" to reshaping the concept of education, curriculum system, teaching system, teaching methods, etc., that is, from the application of tools to the system, the reconstruction of the paradigm. As early as 10 years ago, our Medium- and Long-term Reform and Development Plan for Education warned that information technology has a revolutionary impact and must be given high priority. That same year, the U.S. Department of Education's National Education Technology Plan, Transforming American Education: Technology-Driven Learning, also called for structural changes in education, rather than tinkering with traditional education.

"Changing tracks" is a difficult task that requires national leadership, top-level design, and community-wide efforts. Traditional education with a classroom teaching system as the core has brought together the wisdom of countless experts, scholars, and front-line teachers for more than 300 years, involving all aspects of education and teaching concepts, institutions and mechanisms, teaching, evaluation, culture, and environment, etc. To reform it, we need to take advantage of our institutional advantage of centralized power to do great things, and let the state take the lead in the top-level design and gather the whole society to tackle the problem.

Bring in the "source of living water" of enterprise innovation. Enterprises are the main body of social innovation. To build "human-machine education", we should give full play to the "source of living water" of enterprise innovation, and gradually establish the construction mode and working mechanism of "government-led, enterprise innovation construction, and school participation". Working mechanism.