movie review
Movie reviews for the lifelong learner; films about inspiring educators, the college experience, high school woes, education rights worldwide and more.
Biggest Mystery in Aviation
8th March 2014. At 12:42 in the morning, Malaysian Airlines flight MH370, took off from Kuala Lumpur. This flight was headed to Beijing. There were 227 passengers on this flight, 10 flight attendants, and 2 pilots flying this plane. Captain Zaharie Ahmad Shah, 53 years old, one of the seniormost captains in Malaysian Airlines. Highly experienced. And First Officer Fariq Hamid, 27 years old, it was a training flight for him. After completing this training flight, he would have been fully certified to become a pilot. This flight flies in the correct direction for about 20 minutes. But at 01:08 in the morning, this flight crossed the Malaysian coastline and reached above the South China Sea. In the direction of Vietnam. Zaharie reported that the plane was at 35,000 feet. Everything was running normally. About 11 minutes later, the airplane entered the jurisdiction of the Vietnamese Air Traffic. That's why the Air Traffic Control of Kuala Lumpur, radios the airplane saying, "Malaysian 370, Contact Ho Chi Minh. 120.9. Goodnight." Captain Zaharie answered by saying, "Good night. MAS 370." Everything sounds normal. And it was normal till this point in time. But these words by Captain Zaharie, were the last words from this airplane. After this, there was no news from this flight. The Malaysian Airlines flight disappeared suddenly. And this became the biggest aviation mystery in the world. "Breaking news tonight, a Malaysian Airlines flight, MH 370, disappeared on route to Beijing." "Flight MH370 entered in the Southern Indian Ocean." Merely 30 seconds after entering the Vietnamese Airspace, this plane disappeared from the radar suddenly. It was 01:21 AM in the morning. The Air Traffic Control in Kuala Lumpur didn't notice this, and when they do, they think that the plane had flown out of the range of their radar, and had entered Vietnam's airspace. So there's nothing unusual. On the other hand, the Air Traffic Control in Vietnam, saw that the MH370 entered their airspace, but disappeared from their radar suddenly. They tried to communicate with the plane, but there was no response from the other side. After repeatedly trying for 18 minutes, Vietnamese controllers informed Kuala Lumpur, that MH 370 had disappeared suddenly. Generally, in such situations, Kuala Lumpur's Aeronautical Rescue Coordination Centre, should have been notified, within 1 hour, about the disappearance of the plane. But it was only after 4 hours had passed, that an emergency response began. It was 06:32 in the morning. This was the time by when the airplane should have landed in Beijing. But it did not land. A search operation was called immediately. Efforts began to find the plane. If you look at the map, the plane was flying from Malaysia to Beijing, Vietnam lies in the middle, as well as the South China Sea. So obviously, the search operation began in the South China Sea, to look for the plane. This search operation was an international effort. 34 ships and 28 aircraft from 7 different countries, try to look for this plane that morning. But there was no trace of the plane. About 4 days later, on 12th March, it was reported that though the plane had disappeared from the civilian radar, but a military radar had spotted the plane that night. And surprisingly, according to this military radar, this plane was last seen at 02:22 in the morning. 02:22 AM. But it wasn't located above the South China Sea. Rather, it was near the Andaman and Nicobar islands. Westward from Malaysia, above the Strait of Malacca. And according to the readings of this military radar, this plane was flying North in the direction of the Andaman and Nicobar islands. The other way from Beijing. This news left everyone shocked. Where did this plane go? Did it fly towards India's direction, and crash in the Himalayas or in Kazakhstan? Some more days later, a new piece of evidence was discovered. From satellite data. It was found that the plane was trying to automatically communicate with a satellite. It is actually quite common. The large airplanes like the Boeing 777 they try to establish communication with satellites often. To make their communication easier. It is the same as your phone trying to automatically connect to known WiFi. It's similar. But the problem was that when this plane communicated with the satellite, it merely tried to log in, trying to establish a connection. No data was transmitted about the location of the plane. The satellite was simply aware that this plane tried to communicate but nothing more about where the plane actually was. But some scientists and investigators thought to use this to approximate the location of the plane. They thought that when the satellite received the communication, the satellite would have moved its antenna towards the direction of the plane. So they took the angle of the antenna of the satellite, to measure it and make calculations upon it, estimated the location of the plane. As I said earlier, the exact location couldn't be determined with the help of the satellite, but it could be used to estimate that this circle that you see in white colour, the plane could be anywhere within this circle. When it tried to communicate with the satellite. The plane tried to establish communication with the satellite 7 times. That's why you can see 7 different circles in white colour. These are known as Satellite Handshakes. Every circle shows the time when the plane tried to communicate with the satellite. The last circle here, the 7th circle, shows the latest time when the plane tried to communicate with the satellite. The last point where this airplane could have been. And it was really surprising because this circle was huge! It covers a lot of areas. From Kazakhstan, China, Indonesia to Australia, and covering a vast ocean, the plane could be anywhere in the last circle. Or perhaps further than this. This was the last point it tried to communicate. After this, the investigators did more calculations. With the speed of the plane. The remaining fuel in the plane, and then estimated that the plane could be in this shaded area of the circle. On this arc of the circle. It was famously called the 7th Arc. This 7th Arc is 2,000 km west of Australia, and occupies a large expanse of area. It was in such a part of the ocean that hasn't been explored much. On this map, you can see the location of the satellite that was used for the prediction. The outermost yellow dotted circle that you see, is the range till which the plane could travel with its fuel. With the flight time of 7 hours. And the curved arc in red that you can see, is the 7th Arc, the place where the plane is assumed to have crashed. After this, several search operations were called, The yellow shaded regions show you the places where the search operations were conducted. And the orange area, is the priority search area, where the most number of search operations were conducted. By April 2014, the search operations on the surface of the ocean were stopped. Because it wasn't fruitful. Since the plane had crashed, it would've sunk into the ocean. It wouldn't be floating on the ocean's surface. And so deep ocean searches were being conducted. At this point in time, this was the largest and the most expensive search operation conducted. For weeks, months and even years, they tried to look for the plane but didn't find anything. 3 years later, And after spending $160 million, they called off this operation. And this operation was deemed a failure. But there was one piece of good news amidst all of this, in July 2015, the first piece of debris was found from this plane. The debris reached the Island of Réunion by floating. This island is in the East of Madagascar. The flaperon of the plane was found here. You can see it in the photo, it is a broken part from the plane. After this, in 2018, an American company Ocean Infinity signed a new contract with the Malaysian government. They wanted to conduct the search operations and if they aren't able to find the plane, they wouldn't charge any fees. No find, no fee. On this condition, they began a new search operation. They have highly advanced underwater surveillance vehicles. While conducting this search operation, they were mapping the ocean floor. And in this search operation, they found in the area of the 7th Arc, that there are several underwater volcanoes, several cliffs and mountains as well. They kept searching for months. But unfortunately, they failed in their mission too. They decided to run background checks on the passengers of the plane. And a background check on the pilots of the plane to look for their history. And whether someone tried to hijack the plane. After these investigations, some theories came forward. About what could have happened to the plane exactly. Come, let's look at the theories and assumptions one by one. First, they started with how could the plane disappear from the radar. Either there'd be any electrical failure in the plane. Or there'd be an accident, Or there might be some technical failure in the plane, because of which, the equipment stopped working. Or perhaps any passenger or pilot switched off the transponder manually. Doing this intentionally. In the first theory, Captain Zaharie Shah is being accused. It is being said that the captain intentionally disabled communication and took the plane and crashed it into the ocean. But what could be the reason for him to do this? Some people say that he may have not been in the right mental state. Some people believe he was suicidal. Some people claim that this was a result of hijacking, like a terror attack. But why is Zaharie Shah actually being blamed here? There are some arguments that support this theory. The first point is that, the airplane turned nearly 180° from Vietnam back to Malaysia, autopilot couldn't have done this on its own. The airplane's pilot must have done this manually and intentionally. The second point is that, the airplane was flown directly above the border between Thailand and Malaysia. It is said that it was deliberately done. It was done intentionally. So that they could escape the airspace radar of both countries. The third point is really interesting, it is said that Zaharie Shah had a flight simulator at his home which isn't very unusual on its own, but on that flight simulator, he had mapped out a path, while playing a game, The path, coincidently, was near the same path, that MH370 actually flew. Hearing this, you may think this must've been the case. But the official in charge of this search operation completely denied this theory. He said that this couldn't have happened because there are many counter-arguments too. First, he was a highly experienced and seasoned pilot. He was respected by all. He had no family problems, no economic problems, he didn't have any past behaviour to suggest this, so there is no reason to doubt his integrity. If a pilot wanted to commit suicide, to crash the plane, there would be some sign in his behaviour or in his life. But nothing as such was found. That's why the second theory that is afloat, is that there must be some hijackers on the plane, some terrorists. They must have done this. When this second theory came forward, 2 passengers of the plane were under suspicion. They were Iranian, and they were suspicious because they were travelling with fake passports. One of them had the passport stolen from an Italian man. And the other had the stolen passport of an Austrian man. Both passports were stolen in Thailand. It is said that these men wanted to use the stolen passports to go to Europe and settle there. First, they had taken a flight to Beijing, and then they were supposed to take a flight from Beijing to Europe. Investigations revealed that the mother of one of these guys was present in Hamburg, Germany. Waiting for her son. But in the end, this theory of terror was rejected, because other than these stolen passports, there was no proof that they were actually terrorists intending to carry out a terror attack. They simply wanted to go to Europe and settle there. Using the stolen passports. In fact, Interpol confirmed this, saying that they were probably not terrorists. That's why we come to our third theory. It is said to be the most probable. It is said that the passengers and the crew on MH370, fainted because of oxygen deficiency. Including pilot Captain Zaharie Ahmad Shah and his co-pilot. They were unconscious too. The entire plane actually passed out. And kept running on autopilot. And there must have been some technical malfunctions on autopilot too, but basically, the autopilot kept running till the fuel of the plane ran out. And then the plane crashed into the ocean. Now, how could this oxygen deficiency have happened? There are several theories for it. Some people claim that there may have been a fire in the cockpit, electrical fire. Due to this, many systems may have stopped working, including the transponder. Some people believe that there may have been an accident due to which there was a sudden shortage of oxygen. Some people blame hijackers here as well. That some hijackers may have tried to create an oxygen deficiency. Let's take a possible example to see what might have happened. If I have to cite a typical example of this theory, it is said that this plane as soon as it entered the Vietnamese airspace, the pilots noticed some malfunctions, some wrong with the plane. So the pilot turned the plane 180°, to take the plane back to Malaysia. But when the plane started flying towards Malaysia, a terrible accident may have occurred, which led to oxygen deficiency, and everyone present in the plane fainted. Because of oxygen deficiency. Several systems stopped working and then the plane kept flying on autopilot. The military radar spotted the plane after this. And the autopilot turned Southwards suddenly, and it kept flying Southwards above the Indian Ocean, and crashed into the ocean 2,000 km West of Australia. Initially, there were many more theories about the plane. such as it was abducted by aliens. Or that the US military may have shot down the plane and it was trying to hide the fact. Or that Russian President Putin knows the location of the plane. Or that a new Bermuda Triangle may have formed at the place. There were many such theories. But obviously, they are not very likely. Many years have passed since this incident. And now in 2022, friends, finally, there's proof to tell us where this plane may actually be. Friends, this news is from 1 month ago. Richard Godfrey, a retired aerospace engineer, claims that he had found out the secret of this mystery. He did his calculations using some radio wave technologies. "Richard Godfrey combined data from British Inmarsat Satellite, figures from Boeing, Australian oceanographers, and new WSPRnet, amateur radio wave technology." "I have been tracking back, through the data, and out of that tracking MH370, I'm sure they will be able to find the aircraft." To explain this technology would be too detailed for this article, it is a complex technology. But it isn't a very new technology. Basically, he used the reflections of radio waves, to predict the path of the airplane. It is a technology that can catch the reflections of radio waves. Once a radio wave is emitted from a source, it gets reflected by the atmosphere, and weak radio waves reach some other place. And if a plane is flying from the path of the radio wave, you can say that it can be noticed. He built a computer program that can recognise the flight paths of airplanes through the weak signals. And according to his calculations, today, the MH370, actually lies on top of the 7th Arc. It is exactly on this point of the 7th Arc, in his opinion. And is 4 km underwater. Under the ocean, as I said, there are many cliffs and underwater volcanoes. You'd say that this area was already searched. True. In the most expensive search operation conducted by Australia, this area was already searched. But it is possible that they missed it somehow. Although the second search operation that was conducted, by the Ocean Infinity, they hadn't searched this point. Their instruments were more detailed. But Richard trusts his calculations so much that he has pinpointed the exact location with an accuracy of 40 Nautical Miles. Of the location of the plane under the sea. He has proposed that a new search operation should be conducted within a radius of 40 Nautical Miles and they would find it. This would be a very small area compared to the previous search operations. They would have to thoroughly look here. This is good news for the mystery of this flight. There may actually be a solution here. Although, some people do criticise Richard's methodology, that the methods he used to determine the location of the plane is not accurate enough. That the plane wouldn't be found here. But Richard believes that if the operation is started now, it would take only 1 year, and by the end of 2022, we would be able to see whether the plane is here or not. In Richard's opinion, the plane would be found here, obviously. A Drift Analysis was also conducted, looking at the ocean current. So that if the plane had indeed crashed in that area, the location of the various pieces of the plane, that would've flowed with the ocean current to reach various places. And according to this drift analysis, some pieces would have reached Madagascar and the islands around it, and those have indeed been recovered. Till date, 27 pieces of the plane have already been found. On several islands across the world. This drift analysis fits properly with Richard's analysis too. So perhaps, in the near future, we may get to uncover the mystery about what might have happened. But I hope that you found this article informative.
By 15.Goutami Debnath2 years ago in Education
Exploring the Benefits of Brain Interface Devices
Recent years’ technological innovations have impacted numerous industries with healthcare/Neuroscience being among the major beneficiaries. In these fields, one of the most innovative technologies is the work on the invention of brain interface devices. These devices are also referred to as Brain-Computer interface [BCI] systems and have created unprecedented opportunities in the therapy of neurological disorders, boosting mental capabilities and direct cerebral control of computers and other machinery. This article focuses on discussing the features of working with brain interface devices and presents arguments about their significance for the development of medicine and humanity as a whole.
By Neuphonyforu2 years ago in Education
How to Turn Your Study Abroad Experience into a Career Advantage
Turning Your Study Abroad Experience into a Professional Asset The journey of studying is more, than academics; it's a transformative adventure that pushes your boundaries expands your perspectives and paves the way for personal and career development. So how can you use this enriching experience to boost your career prospects? Here's a guide on leveraging your study journey to shine in the job market and advance your professional path.
By Harvey Bramo Acquaah2 years ago in Education
Time Traveler from Year 2256
In March 2003, the FBI arrested 44-year-old Andrew Carlssin. Newspapers reported that this man was extraordinarily lucky. In the history of Stock Markets, he had earned like no other. He invested $800 and within 2 weeks, it turned into $350 million. The FBI suspected that he was running a scam. That he was an insider trader. When Andrew was questioned, he answered that he was a time traveller. He claimed that he was a traveller from 250 years in the future. And that he knew how the stocks would perform so he invested in them. And got the extraordinary result. The FBI was surprised at this. The FBI was convinced that he was lying. And they took it upon themselves to prove that he was lying. When they investigated some more, they found that Before December 2002, there was no record of Carlssin. Even more surprising was that on 3rd April, Carlssin had to appear in court for his bail hearing, but he had disappeared, never to be found again. Was he really a time traveller? Is it really possible to travel through time? Or is it only fiction for novels and films? In today's story, let's understand the concept of time travelling scientifically. "Great, are you talking about a time machine?" "You know the rules of time jumps, right?" "Time travel: a concept that has been explored since the early 1900s." "I have no idea, but when we're talking about time travel here. Either it's all a joke or none of it is." In 1895, writer H.G. Wells wrote his groundbreaking novel The Time Machine. It was after this that the phrase 'time machine' became popular. A machine that can take you into the future as well as the past. With it, you can travel through time. Although this novel was fiction, a science fiction novel, but several philosophers and physicists were inspired by it. Not only were serious research papers written on time travel, but many films were also made. If we think about it, the exact way time travel takes place can be used to classify it into different types. First, let's use sci-fi films, to understand this concept better. Time travel can be of many different kinds. The first is the one-way travel to the future. You travel to the future and you can't return. It is one-sided time travel. Interstellar is an example of this. In it, a time traveller travelled to the future, but his family members and other people keep on ageing, when he meets them again. Some had even died. The second way is Instantaneous Time Jumping. A person can jump from one point in time to another instantly using a time machine. It was shown in the film Back to the Future. And in The Girl Who Leapt Through Time. The third way can be when the time traveller stands still, and it is time that is moving around the traveller. This was shown in the film Harry Potter: Prisoners of Azkaban. When Hermione uses the time turner. The fourth is Slow Time Travel. As shown in the 2004 film Primer. The time traveller gets inside a box, with every minute he spends in the box, he goes back into the time by a minute. So if he wanted to go back a day, he had to remain in the box for a day. The fifth is travelling at the speed of light to travel through time. This was shown in Superman (1979). In it, Superman flew faster than the speed of light, and travels back in time. The question is, among all these concepts of time travel, which way is actually possible today? In real life. Which way may be possible in the future? And which way is completely unscientific and will never be possible. Don't be surprised, you might think that all of these are rubbish, science fiction, and can't be possible. That's not true. Some of these are actually possible to do, even today. Broadly speaking, there can be two types of time travel. One is to travel into the future, and the other is to go back into the past. Let's talk about travelling to the future first. The scientific explanations and theories of travelling to the future, are derived from Albert Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity. The concept of time dilation, was introduced by Einstein. Before Einstein, it was believed that time is constant. Whether you're on Earth, or on Mars or near a black hole. Time was believed to be something that was constant. One of the most famous mathematicians and physicists in the world, Isaac Newton was the one to say this. In his opinion, regardless of the speed with which you're travelling through space, regardless of the position, the flow of time would be constant. Albert Einstein was the first person to refute this. He said that Newton was wrong. Time isn't constant. He claimed that time was like a river. Like water flows in a river, sometimes it slows down, sometimes the flow of the river speeds up, similarly, the flow of time, sometimes it slows down and sometimes it picks up the pace. Depending upon speed and gravity. Yup, you heard it right, Einstein had said that time can actually be sped up and slowed down if the speed and gravitational force could be changed. This is known as time dilation. The way that your pupils dilate, similarly, time dilates too when the speed of the object increases or if an object is subjected to an increased gravitational force. How had Einstein actually discovered thisit's a long explanation. It took me days to understand that. So I won't go into that explanation. Basically, time dilation can be done in two ways. The first is with speed. If you are sitting in an object that is going very fast. Like an aeroplane or a spacecraft. The faster something goes, the more would time slow down for it. Relative to a person who isn't going as fast. If I have to explain it with a practical example, suppose you have two clocks, I keep one clock with me and put it on the ground. And I send the other clock with you on an aeroplane. The aeroplane goes around the earth once and lands back. If we then compare the two clocks, though the clocks showed the same time initially, but now the clock that you took with you on the aeroplane, the time it shows would be some nanoseconds behind the other. The two clocks wouldn't show the same time. Because one clock was travelling at a higher speed. It's subjected to Kinematic Time Dilation. I'm not making this up. There was an experiment in 1971. Atomic clocks were used. Because time was to be measured precisely. And it was seen that the clock that was in the aeroplane, the time it showed was behind that of the other clock. This was known as the Hafele Keating Experiment. This had proved Einstein's theory of time dilation. It doesn't mean that time is actually slowing down for the clock, the one on the aeroplane. Rather, it means that time is relative. If we observe the clock on the aeroplane from the ground, time slows down in our relation. Because we're seeing it, time is slowing down. For a person on the aeroplane, and the clock on the aeroplane, for it, time would continue to move as it did. Theoretically speaking, if we could build a rocket, that travels at the speed of light, and you get in that rocket. You remain in that rocket for 10 years travelling at that speed. And then you return to Earth, the time that you see on earth, would be 9,000 years later. Simply speaking, If you want to travel into the future, you can already do it now, It is scientifically possible to do so today. The only problem is that there isn't an aircraft that travels at this speed. You can get to the speed of light. But with improvements in technology, we can build more such aircraft and spaceships that can fly faster. It would slowly become possible. For now, Gennady Padalka, a Russian astronaut, is credited with the most time travel into the future. It's because he remained in space the longest. 879 days. And he was travelling at the speed of 28,000km/hr in space. Accordingly, he has travelled 0.02 seconds into the future. In comparison to the people on Earth, he is 0.02 seconds younger. with which we can travel so fast that we can travel through time significantly in the future, don't be upset. Because there's another way of Time Dilation as laid down by Einstein. By using gravitational force. Similar to time dilation with speed, gravitational force leads to time dilation too. More the gravity, more would be the time dilation. The time dilation that takes place because of gravity, to visualise it, Einstein asked us to imagine a fabric of space-time. Imagine a mesh, like shown in this photo, And put balls on it. You can think of these balls as planetary objects. The heavier a ball would be, the more this mesh would get wrapped. The more mass in the ball, in the planetary object, the more would be its gravitational force. Earth's gravitational force is less than Jupiter's. Sun's gravitational force is more than Jupiter's. Similarly, in the fabric of space-time, you get to see a curve, with the gravitational force of an object. The closer you get to an object with a high gravitational force, the more would you feel time slow down. Time would slow down for you. In this mess, you can see, the steeper the drop is, the more time slows down for you. You can have an approximate estimate with this visualisation. This basically means that if you want to travel through time in the future, spends some time near Jupiter, or around the Sun, or near an object that has even more gravitational force. Like a black hole. If you spend some time near a black hole, time would pass you by slowly. This is the same concept shown in the film Interstellar if you remember. The main character in it, lands on a planet near a black hole, and each hour he spends there, it's 7 years for the people not on the planet. That was the amount of time dilation in that film because of the black hole. It is a scientifically accurate depiction. It will actually happen like so. But whether someone can survive being that close to a black hole is unknown. It's said that black holes are the heaviest objects in the universe. It's also said that light starts bending around black holes. This was considered to be purely theoretical, but 3 years ago, a telescope clicked the first picture of a black hole and proved it. On 10th April 2019, the Event Horizon telescope clicked this picture. This photo went viral on the internet. Because this is the first rendered visual image of a black hole. Anyway, if we get back to time travel, I told you two ways of travelling into the future. The first is to travel at a high speed, and the second is to get very close to a gravitational object with a high gravity, and a high mass. Practically speaking, I would like to give you another example of this, the GPS satellites, that keep revolving around the earth, at a high speed, they are farther than earth's gravity than compared to us. That's why we get to see time dilation, in both senses, in the GPS satellites. And the scientists need to keep rectifying the time calculations on those satellites because of this time dilation. If they don't rectify the clocks on the satellites, then the time on those clocks and those on earth will differ. There would be problems with GPS communication. Interestingly, friends, there is a third way of time travelling in the future. Cryosleep. It has been shown in many films too. There was a recent film Passenger, you might remember. People were travelling on a spacecraft, they were frozen. They were in cryosleep, in it, for months and years, humans are put into a condition where they don't age. They remain asleep. It's science fiction. But in reality, NASA is trying to develop a Stasis Chamber. In it, astronauts would be kept in a state of mild hypothermia, in a cold environment, in it, astronauts would be able to sleep continuously for 2 weeks. A hibernation of sorts. The concept behind it is that when a body is kept cool, the chemical reactions in the body would slow down to quite an extent. this would lead to energy conservation in the body and would slow down ageing. There was a case in Japan, related to this, an injured man survived 24 hours without food or water, when his body went into a hibernation of sorts. The temperature of that man's body was only 22°C. Normally, if a human body is this cold for a long time, it may lead to death. But by chance, I don't know with what miracle, not only did this man survive, but he also made a full recovery from that mode. After his body was discovered by someone else. Medical reports claimed that there was no permanent damage to his body. His organs had slowed down and his brain was unharmed too. Cryosleep is something which may be developed in the future. By NASA or some other space agency. We'll have to wait and watch. But you would have noticed one thing. All the ways I talked about till now, were of time travel into the future. What about the past? Can we travel into the past, realistically? I sort of told you one of the ways to do it, the James Webb telescope. As of now, we can't travel into the past, But we can get a glimpse of the past. Because it takes a significant time for light to travel, from one place to another, even with how fast light travels, if we talk about distance in light-years, it takes years for light to travel to some places. So if we could get somewhere before the light reaches there, and then look back at the approaching light, the light would be from the past. That is how we can see the past. I explained it in detail in that artical, you can understand. This was getting a glimpse of the past. Can we actually travel through time into the past? On 28th June 2009, world-famous physicist, Stephen Hawking, hosted a party at the University of Cambridge. There were balloons and champagne at the party, but what was special about the party was that though everyone was invited, no one attended. Stephen Hawking had hosted this party for time travellers. If a time traveller was visiting our timeline from the future, they were welcome at this party. This comedic experiment was conducted to prove that it isn't possible to travel to the past. Had this been possible, we would see future time travellers all around us. Where are the travellers travelling to the past? Why don't we meet them? Theoretically speaking, Einstein's theory of relativity, doesn't disprove time travel to the past. Einstein had said that in the mesh of space-time, if a gravitational force is put on it that is so heavy that the object falls through the mesh, it would create a wormhole. We can use that wormhole to travel into the past. It's said that to do this, we'd need an extremely powerful gravitational field. Similar to the one of a black hole. Perhaps a spinning black hole can generate so much gravitational field, that it bends the curvature of the space-time back on itself. It would create a close time-like curve known as CTC. You can try to understand it through this diagram. You can try to imagine it. Nobel Prize-winning physicist, Kip Thorne believes that small wormholes get created and then disappear in space all the time. But they are really small. Smaller than atoms. And if we want to travel through them, we would need to open them up somehow. It would take a lot of energy to expand them. Not only normal energy, but we would need negative energy also. Negative energy is a kind of anti-gravitational energy that would repel the fabric of space-time. Like the same poles of magnets repel one another. Negative energy would work in the same way to repel it. This would make it possible to keep the wormhole for a long while, and to travel through it. How would this negative energy be harvested? How would it be created? It's something to think about. This is purely theoretical for now. But it is a theory by a Nobel Prize-winning scientist, so it holds a lot of weight. With this, you may think that it might be theoretically possible to travel to the past. But when we talk about travelling to the past, there are a lot of hurdles. There are major obstacles for us. I'm talking about Paradoxes. Such as the Grandfather Paradox. The paradox goes like this. Suppose I go to the past while time travelling. And I kill my great-grandfather. If he dies, how would I be born? If my great-grandfather died, I shouldn't be alive. And if I was never born, I never existed, how could I have gone to the past and killed him? How do you explain this? This is a paradox. Either I'm alive or I'm not. This goes against logic. There are some theories to explain this. Such as the Theory of Multiverse. The theory claims that what happened once was in one universe. But when you travel back in time and change something, it would create a new universe, creating a multiverse. So there are multiple universes with different things happening. Related to this, there's another paradox, the Predestination Paradox. It claims that when I'd go into the past, and do whatever, everything I do shapes my present timeline. This paradox claims that things are destined to turn out in a certain way. Things will play out as written in destiny. No matter how much you try to change the past, whatever you try to change, and the result of that change, would be your present. If you're confused, let me give an example. Suppose your friend meets with an accident, and he dies. I hope it doesn't but imagine that it happens, and you have a time machine. You go into the past, and try to prevent that accident from happening. But what actually happens? By going into the past, you have done something, that actually caused the accident. And then you find out that it was because you went into the past, and you tried to prevent that accident, that was the reason for the accident. This was the concept in many films. 12 Monkeys, Timecrimes (2007), The Time Traveller's Wife (2009), Predestination (2014). Overall, there would be many logical problems when travelling to the past. There would be paradoxes, due to these, it may never be possible. But travelling to the future, it is possible, even today. And it will become more and more probable in the future. And to get a glimpse of the past, is currently possible too. So in a sense, time travel already exists. And as shown in films like interstellar, it was the scientific truth to an extent. But what about Andrew Carlssin's story? I didn't say much about it. The story that I told you at the beginning of the story, friends, was actually a story published in a satirical newspaper, called The Weekly World News. Later it was printed by Yahoo News, and several other media organisations reported the story, as if it were fact. But the truth remains, that story was a satire. It was fake news that was circulated in newspapers, and people believed that it was true. It was a fabricated story basically. I hope you found this informative.
By 15.Goutami Debnath2 years ago in Education
Top 5 Scholarships, for African Women in STEM
Top 5 Scholarships, for African Women in STEM; Empowering the Future In today's paced world of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) the valuable contributions of women are gaining recognition. Despite encountering obstacles these women are shattering barriers introducing innovations and taking leadership roles in their fields. Scholarships specifically tailored for women in STEM play a role in offering the necessary support and opportunities to nurture their talent. Here are the top 5 scholarships for women in STEM that aim to motivate and empower the generation of pioneers.
By Harvey Bramo Acquaah2 years ago in Education
The touch of greedy King Midas
Today I bring you two educational stories. I hope you will like both the stories. The touch of greedy King Midas The greedy king Midas had a lot of wealth. But there was a desire to have more than what was. He kept a lot of gold in his treasury. And every day he sat and counted the accumulated gold. One day, while sitting in the treasury, a stranger suddenly appeared and said, "He wants to give a boon." The king was happy and said, "Then give this boon, everything I touch will turn to gold." The visitor asked, "You really want this boon?" "Yes," said the king. Then the visitor said, "Tomorrow morning in the light of the sun you will have the power to turn gold by touch. The king thought he was dreaming. This could not be true. But the next day when he touched the bed, clothes and other things, they turned to gold." Looking through the window, he thought he would show his daughter a surprise. But he couldn't read the book as soon as he touched it sat for, but whenever he touched the water or the water pot, it turned into gold. The hungry king thought to himself, I can't eat or drink any more gold. Just then his daughter came and embraced her father, and immediately the girl became a golden image Then there was no longer a smile on the king's face. The stranger reappeared and asked the king, "Is the king pleased with the power of turning into gold?" There are no more miserable people." The visitor asked, "What do you want now? Your food, dear daughter, or the golden plate and golden idol of the daughter?" The king yearned for forgiveness, crying. He said, "I will give away all my gold because if I lose my daughter, my life will have no meaning." The stranger said to the king, "Before You have become wise." Saying this he withdrew the magic power. The king got his daughter back and learned a lesson he would never forget in his life.
By MD AL FARABI 2 years ago in Education
Mother's pain
mother's pain Author: Nafiz Ahmed. Abir saw the face of the world by lighting the lamp of happiness in the world of happiness and carrying the ocean of sorrow. Soon after five years, they had a rift in the world over any issue. Even get divorced. Leaving Abir, the father drove the mother out of the house. Even if the mother wanted to, she could never take her child in her arms. Father did not give that chance. Mother Shantana enjoyed every moment of seeing her child from a distance. But this happiness did not stay on his forehead for long. The father takes his son to an unknown city far away. At this point, the mother became alone. Twenty four years passed day by day. Suddenly one day the mother saw her son's picture on Facebook and recognized her. Yes it is the mother, she comes to the child, but the child could not accept it. Because, the child knew that his mother had left him and his father to another place. Despite saying this, the child never believed the mother. All the time he has made mother suffer. Even forced mother to leave her house. Suddenly one day the child gets a call that his mother is very ill and may not live much longer. The child still holds on to the pride he harbored in himself. Later, he goes to meet his mother, obeying the rule of time. Finally, the sky darkened and mother left, leaving everyone to call nature. The child sees that his mother is no more in this world. Later the child learns that his mother did not leave him willingly. Rather, his father never allowed him to approach his son. Even if a thousand children want today, they will never get their mother back. He realized that in the moments before his death, his mother was crying repeatedly to hear the mother's call after two centuries in the mouth of her child. But the unfortunate child did not come to his mother. A grieving mother wanted to hear a motherly call from her child's mouth after twenty-four years. Yet the child did not call out in pride. Today the child has everything but that mother is no longer with him. He would never be able to call his mother even if he wanted to.
By MD AL FARABI 2 years ago in Education
