What happen When the sun explodes ?

The Sun is currently in the middle of its life cycle, and it is not expected to explode in the way some stars do. However, it will undergo significant changes over time that will ultimately lead to its demise. Here's a general overview of what will happen to the Sun as it ages:

Main Sequence Phase:The main sequence is the longest phase of a star's life and occurs when there is core hydrogen fusion and a balance of forces. The Sun is currently in this phase, where it fuses hydrogen into helium in its core through nuclear fusion. This process releases a tremendous amount of energy, providing the Sun with the power to radiate light and heat.

Expansion into a Red Giant:A red giant is a dying star in the final stages of stellar evolution. In about five billion years, our own sun will turn into a red giant, expand and engulf the inner planets — possibly even Earth. In about 5 billion years from now, as the Sun exhausts its hydrogen fuel in the core, it will begin to expand into a red giant. During this phase, the outer layers of the Sun will expand outward, engulfing the inner planets of our solar system, including Mercury, Venus, and potentially Earth.

Helium Fusion: Helium fusion is a kind of nuclear fusion, with the nuclei involved being helium.In the core of the red giant, the temperature and pressure will increase, allowing helium to undergo nuclear fusion into heavier elements like carbon and oxygen.

What is the process of helium fusion?

At sufficiently high temperatures and densities, a 3-body reaction called the triple alpha process can occur: Two helium nuclei ("alpha particles") fuse to form unstable beryllium. If another helium nucleus can fuse with the beryllium nucleus before it decays, stable carbon is formed along with a gamma ray.

Helium Flash:Astronomy the explosive burning of helium in the case of a star of low mass that occurs when the core is so dense that the matter has become degenerate. The burning causes a rapid rise in temperature until it is so high that the gas ceases to be degenerate, after which there is a rapid expansion. When the core temperature reaches a critical point, a rapid helium fusion process known as a "helium flash" will occur. This releases a massive amount of energy, stabilizing the core and causing the outer layers to be expelled into space.

Formation of a Planetary Nebula:When a star like our Sun dies, it doesn't explode into a supernova or collapse into a black hole. Instead, it gently sheds its outer layers, which form a beautiful cloud called a “planetary nebula”, while the dying star's core becomes a white dwarf. The Sun's outer layers expelled during the helium flash will create a beautiful shell of ionized gas and dust known as a planetary nebula. The intense ultraviolet radiation from the exposed core ionizes the ejected material, causing it to glow brightly.

Transformation into a White Dwarf:A white dwarf is what stars like the Sun become after they have exhausted their nuclear fuel. Near the end of its nuclear burning stage, this type of star expels most of its outer material, creating a planetary nebula. Only the hot core of the star remains. After the planetary nebula disperses into space, the remaining core of the Sun will collapse under its own gravity and become a compact, dense object called a white dwarf. White dwarfs are roughly the size of Earth but contain a mass similar to that of the Sun, making them incredibly dense.

Cooling over Time:A period of time that must pass before someone can do something or before an agreement becomes final. The law requires a cooling-off period between the time a gun is purchased and when it may be possessed. The workers have agreed to a 30-day cooling-off period before they strike. The white dwarf will continue to cool down and gradually dim over billions of years, eventually becoming a "black dwarf" – a cold, dark remnant.

It's important to note that the Sun's expansion into a red giant in about 5 billion years will likely destroy any remaining life on Earth. However, this is a natural and expected process for stars like the Sun, and it's a fate shared by many stars in the universe.