REVEALING THE HIDDEN PHENOMENA BEYOND OUR SENSES #3: Wormholes

In a recent study, physicists claimed that wormholes may have already been detected, and we have even imaged them. Wormholes are hypothetical objects in the universe that connect two distant regions of space-time, and they may even connect two points in two different universes. Physicists have made significant progress in understanding the nature of these exotic structures in the past few decades. Recently, a team of researchers used Google's quantum computer to show that wormholes of general relativity and entanglement of quantum mechanics are essentially the same.

A team of scientists now claims that these hypothetical space-time structures may have already been detected. In fact, the two supermassive black holes we have imaged so far could be wormholes in disguise. However, it is hard to differentiate between the two. Furthermore, understanding wormholes is essential to develop the theory of everything.

Wormholes were first theorized by Ludwig Flamm in 1916 while reviewing the solutions to Einstein's field equations given by Carl Schwartzchild. Later in 1935, Albert Einstein and Nathan Rosen used the theory of general relativity to expand on this idea. They proposed the possibility of bridges through space-time that could connect two distinct points in the universe, no matter the distance between them. They were named Einstein-Rosen or ER Bridges. But Einstein wasn't happy about these hypothetical bridges because the equation showed they were non-traversable. In the same year, Einstein and Rosen wrote a paper with another physicist, Boris Podolski. The Einstein-Rosen-Podolsky or EPR paper was on quantum entanglement, which Einstein referred to as a "spooky action at a distance." At that time, there was no reason to believe that these two papers were linked. In other words, no one could have even thought that ER equals EPR.

About 20 years ago, quantum gravity researcher Juan Maldacina mathematically showed that a pair of black holes in a particular type of space is connected by a wormhole. Then in 2013, he realized that wormholes are an outcome of quantum entanglement; that is, ER is equal to EPR. So if two black holes are connected via wormholes, they are quantum entangled, and vice versa. It is equivalent to saying that quantum theory and gravity are interconnected. This duality is a general idea behind the holographic principle, which mathematically relates gravitational aspects to quantum physics. That is a picture of quantum gravity and the role of wormholes in it.

The detection of wormholes becomes a problem because they are hypothesized to look like black holes. Therefore, it is hard to distinguish between wormholes and black holes. However, a team of scientists from Sofia University of Bulgaria suggest a method to find the difference between black holes and wormholes. They studied certain parameters that may be unique for each of them. First, they studied the polarization properties of radiation emitted by the accretion disk around black holes. Then they compared this with the suspected regions of space where wormholes might exist and analyzed the polarization properties. The comparison led to the creation of a simplified model of the wormhole's throat. This model could tell how matter encircling the entrance of a wormhole behaves differently from that falling into a black hole. It shows that the particles encircling the wormhole's opening are polarized by the strong magnetic field of the wormholes. The interesting thing is that these kinds of polarized emissions were detected recently during the capturing of the first images of black holes at the heart of M87 Galaxy and the Milky Way. So if the model proposed by the team is accurate, there's a high possibility that M87 star is itself a wormhole.

The distorted image of strongly lensed objects could indicate significant differences, according to the