Four major conjectures of what lies beyond the universe, all valid but all too outrageous to imagine and understand

Over the past few days I have been discussing with a friend the question, what lies beyond the universe? There is no answer to this question, but there are many speculations. Each one seems reasonable, yet seems outrageous. Now I've sorted them out and summarised them. I hope that after reading it you will also share your own views and discuss them together. (There is my personal summary of the article's highlights at the end of the article. If you are in a hurry, you can skip straight to the end to read the summary.)

But first, let's talk about what the universe is. In my country, the universe refers to space and the cosmos refers to time. Together, the universe is time and space. In the physical sense, the universe is defined as all space and time and its connotations. Not only all time and space, but also all energy, matter and the laws of physics. That is to say, the biggest term in the world we live in.

We are on this tiny planet, yet we are constantly exploring outer space. The only part of the universe we can currently observe is a sphere with a radius of 46 billion light years, which we call the Hubble volume (also known as the Hubble volume). The Hubble volume is a spherical space centred on the observer (usually yourself), with the farthest part 46 billion light years away, which can glow and be observed by the observer. This is how the size of the visible universe is determined. And we don't know if we'll ever get a chance to see the rest of the universe farther and larger. So the part beyond Hubble's volume is for the moment considered to be beyond the universe. What we are going to discuss today is the unknown part that we cannot see.

First of all, the universe is full of dark matter and dark energy. In fact, the universe is already full of dark matter and dark energy. Because our current universe exists because of the singularity Big Bang 1,379,900,000,000 years ago, and has been expanding ever since. And the universe has been expanding at an accelerated rate, which means that dark energy is in charge. This claim is actually because the singularity existed in dark matter and dark energy before the big bang. After the Big Bang, it expanded in this dark matter and dark energy.

There is no way to explain this claim clearly, because we don't know what dark matter and dark energy are either. The big question is how did this dark matter and dark energy come about, and what is beyond this dark matter and dark energy? So this claim of an unknown answer cannot be our final conclusion.

Second, there are other universes beyond the universe. This claim comes from the multiverse (parallel universes). If we think of our universe as a ping-pong ball, then the multiverse is like an infinite number of ping-pong balls. Humans are just bacteria in a ping-pong ball, and we have no access or ability to reach other ping-pong balls. Even we can only play our own ping-pong balls, never knowing that there are other ping-pong balls.

In other parallel universes, there may exist people who are almost exactly like you, whose lives are similar to yours. Because when you make a decision, you split into a parallel universe because of other different choices. It is impossible to imagine how many parallel universes have been split by so many people and so many things since the beginning of time. So the multiverse is uncountable, but it is imperceptible. You yourself are a member of a parallel universe.

Third, the universe is higher-dimensional. For this statement, we need to start with the concept of dimensional space. The base point of dimensionality is zero dimensionality, i.e. a point. There is no dimension, no divergence or direction, no space, no matter, just everything is nothingness, but it can also be said to contain everything.

When an infinite number of points are connected, we get a line, and this line is called one-dimensional space. Units can move freely on this line, but can only move backwards and forwards on this line, and can only see what is on this line, which is a point. When countless lines are superimposed on each other, we get a plane, which becomes a two-dimensional space. The unit can move freely on this plane, but can only move up and down, left and right on the plane, and can only see what is on this line, which is a line.

When countless planes are superimposed on each other, we can get a three-dimensional space, and this space is called three-dimensional space. In fact, the universe we are now living in is a three-dimensional space. Everything is three-dimensional, visible and tangible.

The reason why we cannot observe outside the universe is because there are higher dimensions outside the universe. We cannot know what is going on in the higher dimensions, or even understand or imagine what it is like, so we cannot guess.

Fourth, the universe itself is a particle, and the outside of the universe is an infinite loop of scenarios. With today's technology, we can magnify infinitely what is in the microscopic world. But we find that the magnified particle scene and the cosmic scene are strikingly identical. If this holds true, it seems that the first three statements can be tied together. The first argument for dark matter and dark energy is like talking about atomic nuclei and electrons. The second argument for the multiverse is like an infinite number of particles. The higher dimensions of the third statement seem to be incomprehensible to the infinite loop scenario.

As I said at the beginning, these statements seem reasonable, but they are outrageous. For we cannot understand it, we cannot imagine it. Perhaps we humans will only ever be able to pursue the truth of the universe and never find it. In fact, every time I think of this ending, I feel powerless. After all, humans are so small and so limited in their abilities. But this does not mean that we have lost hope. Before despair, we can all do our best to explore!

Personally, I think it's a summary of the main points :

1. the universe, the universe means space and the universe means time. Together, the universe is time and space. In the physical sense, the universe is defined as all space and time and its connotations. Not only all time and space, but also all energy, matter and the laws of physics. It is also the largest term in the world we live in.

2. The Hubble volume is a spherical space centred on the observer (generally yourself), the farthest part of which is 46 billion light years away and can be illuminated and observed by the observer.

3. The first claim is that the universe is full of dark matter and dark energy. In fact, the universe is already full of dark matter and dark energy. This is actually because the singularity existed in dark matter and dark energy before the Big Bang.

4. The second theory is that there are other universes beyond the universe. This theory comes from the multiverse (parallel universes).

5. The third claim is that there are higher dimensions beyond the universe. We cannot know what is going on in the higher dimensions, or even understand or imagine what it is like, so we cannot speculate.

6. The fourth claim is that the universe itself is a particle and that the outside of the universe is an infinite loop scenario. If this statement holds true, it seems to tie together the first three statements. The first argument for dark matter and dark energy is like talking about atomic nuclei and electrons. The second argument for the multiverse is like an infinite number of particles. The higher dimensionality of the third statement seems to be beyond the comprehension of the infinite loop scenario.