How Dangerous Can A Humid Summer Be?

Researchers on climate change have been warning for a long time that by 2070, the temperature of the earth will increase so much that it will not be possible to live here.

But a study published in the journal Science Advances shows that such incidents are coming up in many places, which were warned about till now.

The authors of this study say that the dangerous situations in which the heat and humidity come together, they are seen in the whole world.

However, these conditions only last for a few hours but the number and severity of their occurrence is increasing.

These researchers have analyzed the hourly data of 7877 different stations providing weather information between 1980 and 2019.

It has been revealed in this analysis that in some sub-tropical coastal areas, the frequency of extreme heat and humid mixed weather has doubled.

In every such event, there is heat and humidity which can prove to be dangerous for a long time.

Where Are These Incidents Happening?

Such incidents are continuously seen in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, North-Western Australia, the coastal region of the Red Sea and the Gulf of California.

The most dangerous of these figures were recorded 14 times in the cities of Saudi Arabia's Dhahran / Daman, Qatar's Doha, United Arab Emirates's Ras Al Khamaia. There have been more than two million people in these cities.

Southeast Asia, southern China, sub-tropical Africa and the Caribbean region were also affected by this.

Severe conditions were seen in the South East of America. And these conditions have been seen mainly in the East Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida penhandles near the Gulf Coast. The cities of New Orleans and Biloxi have also been badly affected.

How Much Heat Can Be Fatal?

Most meteorological centers around the world assess temperature with two thermometers.

The first dry bulb device achieves air temperature.

This is the figure that you see on your phone or TV as the temperature of your city.

Another device is a wet bulb thermometer. This device records humidity in the air.

In this, temperature is taken by wrapping a thermometer in a cloth. Generally, this temperature is lower than the open air temperature.

Extremely humid heat can prove fatal for humans. For this reason, the reading of the weight bulb, which is called 'Feels Like', is very important.

The normal temperature of our body is 37 ° C. And our body temperature is usually 35 degrees Celsius. This different temperature helps us to keep our body cool by sweating.

After sweating from the body, it evaporates and evaporates with heat.

This process works perfectly well in deserts. But in humid places this process does not work properly. Because there is so much moisture in the air that it cannot lift the sweat as steam in this process.

In such a situation, if the humidity rises and the wet bulb raises the temperature to 35 ° C or above, then the process of evaporation of sweat will slow down which will affect our ability to withstand heat.

In some serious cases, it may also happen that this process stops completely. In such a situation, a person will have to go to an air-conditioned room because the internal temperature of the body will go beyond the tolerance of heat, after which the body parts will stop functioning.

In such a situation, even very fit people will die in about six hours.

Until now, it was believed that the wet bulb temperature on Earth crossed 31 ° C in rare conditions.

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But in 2015, meteorologists in Iran's city of Bandar Mahashahr saw the weight of the bulb going down to about 35 degrees Celsius.

At that time the air temperature was 43 degrees Celsius. But after this new study, it has been found that in one to two hours in the Persian Gulf cities, the wet bulb temperature went up to 35 degrees Celsius more than a dozen times.

Colin Raymond, a researcher at the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University and the lead author in this study, says, "The sultry heat in the Persian Gulf is mainly due to humidity rather than heat. But to create such conditions the temperature has to be Should also be above average. The data we are studying is still quite rare. But after 2000, it has come up quite often. "

Why Is More Information Important?

All the studies that have been conducted on climate change so far have failed to record such serious incidents. This study explains this because researchers generally look at the average of heat and humidity over large areas and long intervals. But Colin Raymond and his colleagues tracked the hourly data coming to meteorological centers around the world. Due to this, he came to know about those incidents, due to which, in a very short time, the impact is visible in a small place.

Colin says, "Our study completely agrees with previous studies that at the level of a metropolitan area 35 ° C weight bulb temperature will be a normal thing by 2100. We have only added that these events occur at shorter times in smaller places Have begun. High resolution data is very important in this situation. "

Who Is At Most Risk?

Such incidents are happening mostly in coastal areas, creeks and straits where seawater blowing through steam creates the possibility of mixing in hot air.

Studies show that in most of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, there will be such a temperature till 2100 in which it can survive. It is a confluence of extreme sea level temperatures and continental heat that can produce humid heat.

Colin says, "High resolution data can help us understand which places may have the most impact on people and how we can warn people if such a situation is going to happen. -Condition, not working outside the home, and being ready to take long-term steps can help. "

This study expresses concern about the economically weak areas where the temperature is increasing rapidly. Because these people will feel inability to protect against heat.

Another author and scientist of the same study, Radley Horton, says, "People in poor countries who are in danger, they cannot use electricity, forget the air condition. Most people are on farming to earn their living. Are dependent. These facts will make some areas unfit to live. "

If Carbon Emissions Are Not Reduced, Then Such Incidents Are Bound To Increase

Steven Sherwood, climatologist at the University of New South Wales, Australia, says, "These assessments suggest that some areas of the Earth will soon be warm enough to live there. It was previously believed that we had a lot of safety of margin, The risk is far away. "