Why Epicurus's Thoughts on Happiness Still Resonate Today

In recent years, interest has been resurgent in the ancient wisdom of philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics. However, now it is the turn of Epicurus to take center stage, with American philosopher Emily A. Austin as his advocate. In her new book, Living for Pleasure, Austin delves into the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher and how they can be applied to modern life.

Epicurus is best known for emphasizing pleasure as the source of all happiness and the only truly good thing. However, he was not a debauched hedonist but believed that the greatest pleasure was ataraxia, a state of tranquility in which we are free from anxiety. This raises the question of whether or not freedom from anxiety can truly be pleasurable.

To achieve this state of ataraxia, Epicurus believed that we must satisfy our natural and necessary desires, such as healthy food, shelter, and companionship. However, he also thought we must ignore unnecessary and unnatural desires, such as those for wealth, power, and fame. These desires, he believed, are corrosive and can never be satisfied, leading to a constant state of anxiety and dissatisfaction.

One of the critical differences between Epicureanism and other ancient philosophies is its realism. While the Stoics argue that virtue is the only thing that matters and that we should be indifferent to losing loved ones, Epicurus acknowledged that external circumstances could make life unbearable and that grief is a natural and genuine response. He also recognized that sometimes, bad things happen, and there is no grand plan behind it.

In her book, Austin also provides a detailed exploration of other aspects of Epicurean thought, such as the importance of living in a stable and supportive community, the difference between natural and unnatural desires, and the idea that the enjoyment of extravagance is best when it arises naturally rather than being actively sought out.

While Epicureanism may not offer a universal prescription for the good life, it does provide a valuable guide for achieving a sense of tranquility and contentment. However, as Austin suggests, exploring other philosophers' teachings is crucial to gain a well-rounded understanding of how to live a fulfilling life.

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In her book "Living for Pleasure," American philosopher Emily A Austin argues that the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus are just as relevant today as they were thousands of years ago. Epicurus believed that pleasure is the ultimate source of happiness and that the key to achieving it is through a state of tranquility known as ataraxia. This state is achieved by satisfying our natural and necessary desires, such as food, shelter, and companionship, while avoiding unnecessary or unnatural desires, such as wealth, power, and fame.

Epicurus also believed that death should not be feared, as it is a natural part of life. He argued that the only real fear is the fear of the unknown and that by understanding that death is simply the end of our physical existence, we can release ourselves from the fear of it.

Austin's book offers a refreshing perspective on the ancient philosopher's teachings, highlighting their relevance in today's fast-paced and ever-changing world. She argues that in a society where we are constantly bombarded with images of wealth and success, it is easy to become caught up in pursuing these superficial desires, leading to anxiety and dissatisfaction.

Epicurus's teachings offer a way out of this cycle by reminding us to focus on what is truly important in life and to be content with what we have. Austin's book is a reminder that the ancient wisdom of philosophers like Epicurus is still relevant today and can offer valuable insights into living a happy and fulfilled life.

However, it is worth noting that Austin's book is not a universal prescription for the great life. She acknowledges that while freedom from anxiety is desirable, some people may find that pushing themselves and taking risks leads to a fuller and more meaningful life. The book ultimately serves as a guide that encourages readers to explore other perspectives.

In conclusion, "Living for Pleasure" is a thought-provoking and enlightening read that delves into the teachings of Epicurus and how they can be applied to modern life. Austin's book is a reminder that ancient wisdom can still offer valuable insights into how to live a happy and fulfilling life and that by understanding and embracing the teachings of philosophers like Epicurus, we can release ourselves from the anxieties and dissatisfaction that plague modern society.